2,093 research outputs found
The implementation of the Medical Regulation Office and Mobile Emergency Attendance System and its impact on the gravity profile of non-traumatic afflictions treated in a University Hospital: a research study
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The public health system of Brazil is structured by a network of increasing complexity, but the low resolution of emergency care at pre-hospital units and the lack of organization of patient flow overloaded the hospitals, mainly the ones of higher complexity. The knowledge of this phenomenon induced Ribeirão Preto to implement the Medical Regulation Office and the Mobile Emergency Attendance System. The objective of this study was to analyze the impact of these services on the gravity profile of non-traumatic afflictions in a University Hospital.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>The study conducted a retrospective analysis of the medical records of 906 patients older than 13 years of age who entered the Emergency Care Unit of the Hospital of the University of São Paulo School of Medicine at Ribeirão Preto. All presented acute non-traumatic afflictions and were admitted to the Internal Medicine, Surgery or Neurology Departments during two study periods: May 1996 (prior to) and May 2001 (after the implementation of the Medical Regulation Office and Mobile Emergency Attendance System). Demographics and mortality risk levels calculated by Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) were determined.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>From 1996 to 2001, the mean age increased from 49 ± 0.9 to 52 ± 0.9 (P = 0.021), as did the percentage of co-morbidities, from 66.6 to 77.0 (P = 0.0001), the number of in-hospital complications from 260 to 284 (P = 0.0001), the mean calculated APACHE II mortality risk increased from 12.0 ± 0.5 to 14.8 ± 0.6 (P = 0.0008) and mortality rate from 6.1 to 12.2 (P = 0.002). The differences were more significant for patients admitted to the Internal Medicine Department.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The implementation of the Medical Regulation and Mobile Emergency Attendance System contributed to directing patients with higher gravity scores to the Emergency Care Unit, demonstrating the potential of these services for hierarchical structuring of pre-hospital networks and referrals.</p
TESTING A SUBTYPE-SPECIFIC GP41 AMPLIFICATION METHOD FOR GENOTYPING INDIVIDUALS INFECTED BY HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS TYPE-1 IN THE BRAZILIAN POPULATION OF ITAJAI, SOUTH BRAZIL
The method used by YAGYU et al. for the subtype-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of the gp41 transmembrane region of the human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) env gene, was tested. HIV-1 proviral DNA from 100 infected individuals in ItajaÃ, South Brazil was used to analyze this method. Seventy individuals were determined according to this method as having PCR products at the expected size for subtypes B, C, D and F. Of these individuals, 26 (37.1%) were observed as having the expected amplification for subtype C, and 42 (60%) were observed as having the expected products for subtypes B and D. Of the subtype B and D amplicons, 16 (22.9%) were classified as subtype D, and 26 (37.1%) were classified as subtype B. Two individuals (2.9%) had amplicons that were observed after subtype F-specific amplification was performed. Sequencing and comparing the patient sequences to reference sequences confirmed the classification of sequences of subtypes C and B. However, sequences that were falsely determined as being D and F in the PCR assay were determined as being subtypes C and B, respectively, by sequence analysis. For those individuals from whom no amplified products were obtained, a low viral load that was indicated in their patient history may explain the difficulty in subtyping by PCR methods. This issue was demonstrated by the results of ANOVA when testing the effect of viral load on the success of PCR amplification. The alignment of the obtained sequences with HIV-1 reference sequences demonstrated that there is high intra-subtype diversity. This indicates that the subtype-specific primer binding sites were not conserved or representative of the subtypes that are observed in the Brazilian populations, and that they did not allow the correct classification of HIV-1 subtypes. Therefore, the proposed method by YAGYU et al. is not applicable for the classification of Brazilian HIV-1 subtypes
Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter Placement in a Cardiology Ward: A Focus Group Study of Nurses’ Perspectives
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Atenção ao idoso na estratégia de Saúde da FamÃlia: atuação do enfermeiro
Este estudo objetivou descrever a consulta de enfermagem ao idoso realizada na ESF; identificar possÃveis dificuldades na atenção à saúde do idoso, bem como os cursos de qualificação profissional realizados e as necessidades de aprendizagem. Os dados foram coletados por meio da entrevista semiestruturada e submetidos à análise descritiva e temática. Foram entrevistadas 12 enfermeiras, a maioria estando na faixa etária de anos de formada (41%) em instituição particular (75%). Emergiram duas categorias temáticas: consulta de enfermagem ao idoso na ESF e qualificação profissional para a atenção à saúde do idoso. Foi considerado como desafio na realização da consulta de enfermagem a obtenção de dados fidedignos, a resolutividade e o apoio familiar. Os cursos para qualificar a atenção ao idoso ocorreram durante o perÃodo de graduação, destacando a falta de oportunidade, a pouca oferta e a necessidade de se aprofundar sobre o processo de envelhecimento.Este estudio tuvo como objetivo describir la consulta de enfermerÃa realizada por el anciano en la ESF; identificar posibles dificultades en la atención a la salud del anciano, asà como los cursos de calificación profesional realizados y las necesidades de aprendizaje. Los datos fueron recogidos a través de la entrevista semiestructurada y sometidos al análisis descriptivo temático. Fueron entrevistadas doce enfermeras, estando la mayorÃa situadas en la faja etaria de 23 a 28 años (66%), con 1-2 años de graduadas (41%) en instituciones particulares (75%). Emergieron dos categorÃas temáticas: consulta de enfermerÃa del anciano en la ESF y calificación profesional para la atención de la salud del anciano. Fue considerado como desafÃo en la realización de la consulta de enfermerÃa la obtención de datos fidedignos, la resolutividad y el apoyo familiar. Los cursos para calificar la atención al anciano, tuvieron lugar durante el perÃodo de graduación, destacándose la falta de oportunidad, la poca oferta y la necesidad de profundizar sobre el proceso de envejecimiento.This study aimed to describe the nursing consultation for the elderly provided at the Family Health Strategy (ESF, acronym in Portuguese); identify possible difficulties in delivering health care to the elderly, as well as the professional qualification courses performed and the learning needs. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and submitted to descriptive and thematic analysis. Interviews were performed with 12 nurses, most with ages between years since graduation (41%) in private institutions (75%). Two thematic categories emerged from the analysis: nursing consultation for the elderly performed at ESF and professional qualification in health care for the elderly. Obtaining reliable data in the nursing consultation, resolution and family support were considered as challenges. The courses to qualify professionals for elderly care occurred during their graduation course, highlighting the lack of opportunity, the short supply and the need for deeper studies about the aging process
Practices in primary health care oriented toward the harmful consumption of drugs
Objective To analyze the practices of primary care focused on the harmful consumption of drugs. Method This is a qualitative study, developed with a dialectical-critical approach. Data collection was carried out through semi-structured interviews with 10 employees of a basic health unit (UBS). Results The demands are not accepted, and if they go beyond the barriers shaped by the historical absence of health care practices for drug users and moralistic and preconceived ideologies, they are not reinterpreted as health needs; practices that meet these demands and go beyond the barriers are poor; the functionalist approach, which explains drug use as a disease and considers drug users as deviants, supports the few existing practices. Conclusion primary health care is mistakenly focused on addiction; it lacks structural elements of the production process in health and internal dynamics of the working processes that would foster the development of collective practices
Adesão à terapêutica antirretroviral de pessoas vivendo com HIV/aids em um municÃpio do interior paulista
RESUMO Objetivo Avaliar a adesão aos antirretrovirais de pessoas vivendo com o HIV/AIDS e identificar sua associação com variáveis sociodemográficas e clÃnicas. Métodos Estudo analÃtico transversal que utilizou instrumento sociodemográfico e o CEAT-HIV, com dados coletados no perÃodo de 2014 a 2015. Resultados Identificou-se 75,0% com grau de adesão bom/adequado. Verificou-se que os indivÃduos com idade entre 40 e 59 anos (p=0,029) e com mais de oito anos de estudo (p=0,043) obtiveram maior grau de adesão, assim como aqueles com diagnóstico de HIV/AIDS há mais de 10 anos (p=0,002), contagem de TCD4 >350 células/mm3 (p<0,001) e carga viral indetectável (p=0,025). Conclusão Nesse estudo, identificou-se uma boa adesão entre os sujeitos e observou-se que indivÃduos de maior faixa etária, maior grau de escolaridade, maior tempo de diagnóstico, elevada contagem de células TCD4 e carga viral indetectável estiveram associados a uma maior adesão ao tratamento
Rede de cuidado em saúde mental: visão dos coordenadores da estratégia saúde da famÃlia
RESUMO Objetivo Objetivou-se analisar a visão de coordenadores da Estratégia Saúde da FamÃlia (ESF) sobre a conformação da rede de saúde mental no municÃpio de Pelotas/RS. Método Estudo descritivo e exploratório, com abordagem qualitativa, realizado com seis coordenadores de ESF no ano de 2012. Para a coleta dos dados, foi utilizada a entrevista semiestruturada, e os resultados foram avaliados por análise temática. Resultados A rede construÃda pelos coordenadores é composta por poucos serviços formais e focada no Centro de Atenção Psicossocial (CAPS), e a rede informal é descrita com maiores pontos de cuidado. As trocas de corresponsabilidade no cuidado em rede ocorrem de forma frágil, sem o diálogo necessário. Conclusão Os coordenadores demonstram pouco conhecimento da rede formal de cuidado e uma atenção focada nos serviços da ESF e no CAPS. Reconhecem a importância de haver polÃticas públicas que valorizem e ampliem os espaços informais de cuidado no território
Facial features of patients with sickle cell anemia
Objective: To characterize the craniofacial features of patients with sickle cell anemia (SCA). Materials and Methods: Fifty patients with SCA in the north of Minas Gerais, Brazil, were evaluated using standardized photographs (front and profile) for a subjective facial analysis and digital radiographs for a computerized cephalometric analysis. To obtain linear and angular measurements, cephalometric points were marked on the digital images by a single examiner, using the program Radiocef 6.0, and facial analyses were performed by four different orthodontists. Results: Of the population studied, 28 patients were female with a mean age of 27.7 years. Most of the patients (64%) had their faces classified as esthetically acceptable, although results showed a predominance of convex profiles (72%). The mean of the SNA angle was 84.56 degrees, diagnosing proper positioning of the maxilla from the base of the skull. The prevalence of pattern II was 32%, and 31% showed maxillary protrusion; the effective length of the maxilla was reduced in 64%. Retrusion of the mandible was observed in 30%, and 76% had reduced mandibular length. Four measurements (mandibular length, maxillary length, anterior face height, and maxillomandibular difference) showed statistically significant differences between genders, where these measurements were higher for males than for females. Conclusion: Most patients did not show compensatory maxillary expansion, which was determined by the prevalence of decreased maxillary length (64%) and by the absence of maxillary protrusion in 69% of the SCA patients evaluated. (Angle Orthod. 2011;81:115-120.)811115120Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG
Lipidic characterization of Santa Ines lamb shoulder
The edible portion of the shoulder of 12 castrated and 12 non-castrated Santa Ines lambs slaughtered at different ages (84, 168, 210, 252 days) were used. The shoulders were chemically analyzed to determine the quantity of total lipids, cholesterol, and fatty acids composition. Castrated and non-castrated lambs gained body weight (p = 0.0393, p = 0.0017) and half carcass weight (p = 0.0240, p = 0.0017), respectively. The shoulder weight was increased in the carcasses of non-castrated lambs (p = 0.0110). The edible portion of the shoulder of castrated lambs presented higher total lipids (16.09 g.100 g(-1)). The cholesterol content was influenced by castration (p = 0.0001) reducing with age. Castrated animals presented higher content of C18:1 T11, CLA, and C18:0. The shoulder weight is only increased with increasing age in the carcasses of non-castrated lambs. Castration influences the cholesterol content of the shoulder; however, both castrated and non-castrated lambs had their cholesterol contents reduced with increasing age. Castration and age interfered in the estearic acid concentration of the edible portion of lamb shoulder.31250851
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