Efecto de la hemodiálisis sobre la presión intraocular en pacientes del Hospital Militar Central de enero a marzo del 2022

La visión es un sentido que nos ayuda con la percepción de imágenes para poder relacionarnos con el medio ambiente. Una enfermedad que condiciona su pérdida de manera progresiva, irreversible y hasta silenciosa en sus estadios iniciales es el glaucoma, el cual lesiona la capa de las células ganglionares provocando un incremento de la excavación del nervio óptico, siendo el aumento de la presión intraocular la causa identificable, así como también por otro factor de riesgo que es la disminución del flujo vascular. En la atención del consultorio externo es habitual valorar, mediante la presión intraocular (PIO) y el fondo de ojo, la sospecha de esta enfermedad en pacientes que reciben hemodiálisis por insuficiencia renal y no cuentan con antecedente familiar de glaucoma. Es por ello que despierta el interés determinar si hay influencia del proceso de hemodiálisis sobre la presión intraocular. Usaremos la Ley de Fick para valorar el comportamiento de la presión intraocular en relación con el flujo sanguíneo cuando una persona es hemodializada. La disminución de la gradiente de solutos podría influir en el flujo del humor acuoso (HA). La resistencia al flujo del humor acuoso en un ojo sano es lo que va a determinar la presión intraocular. Cabe recordar que el flujo del humor acuoso depende de la disparidad entre el humor acuoso y el plasma, con respecto a la presión osmótica. La excreción del humor acuoso se da de manera pasiva a través de sistemas de filtración de la vía convencional, que será el determinante del estudio

A major QTL corresponding to the Rk locus for resistance to root-knot nematodes in cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.).

Key messageGenome resolution of a major QTL associated with the Rk locus in cowpea for resistance to root-knot nematodes has significance for plant breeding programs and R gene characterization. Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.) is a susceptible host of root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) (RKN), major plant-parasitic pests in global agriculture. To date, breeding for host resistance in cowpea has relied on phenotypic selection which requires time-consuming and expensive controlled infection assays. To facilitate marker-based selection, we aimed to identify and map quantitative trait loci (QTL) conferring the resistance trait. One recombinant inbred line (RIL) and two F2:3 populations, each derived from a cross between a susceptible and a resistant parent, were genotyped with genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. The populations were screened in the field for root-galling symptoms and/or under growth-chamber conditions for nematode reproduction levels using M. incognita and M. javanica biotypes. One major QTL was mapped consistently on linkage group VuLG11 of each population. By genotyping additional cowpea lines and near-isogenic lines derived from conventional backcrossing, we confirmed that the detected QTL co-localized with the genome region associated with the Rk locus for RKN resistance that has been used in conventional breeding for many decades. This chromosomal location defined with flanking markers will be a valuable target in marker-assisted breeding and for positional cloning of genes controlling RKN resistance

A Novel Root-Knot Nematode Resistance QTL on Chromosome Vu01 in Cowpea.

The root-knot nematode (RKN) species Meloidogyne incognita and M. javanica cause substantial root system damage and suppress yield of susceptible cowpea cultivars. The narrow-based genetic resistance conferred by the Rk gene, present in some commercial cultivars, is not effective against Rk-virulent populations found in several cowpea production areas. The dynamics of virulence within RKN populations require a broadening of the genetic base of resistance in elite cowpea cultivars. As part of this goal, F1 and F2 populations from the cross CB46-Null (susceptible) x FN-2-9-04 (resistant) were phenotyped for M. javanica induced root-galling (RG) and egg-mass production (EM) in controlled growth chamber and greenhouse infection assays. In addition, F[Formula: see text] families of the same cross were phenotyped for RG on field sites infested with Rk-avirulent M. incognita and M. javanica The response of F1 to RG and EM indicated that resistance to RKN in FN-2-9-04 is partially dominant, as supported by the degree of dominance in the F2 and F[Formula: see text] populations. Two QTL associated with both RG and EM resistance were detected on chromosomes Vu01 and Vu04. The QTL on Vu01 was most effective against aggressive M. javanica, whereas both QTL were effective against avirulent M. incognita Allelism tests with CB46 x FN-2-9-04 progeny indicated that these parents share the same RKN resistance locus on Vu04, but the strong, broad-based resistance in FN-2-9-04 is conferred by the additive effect of the novel resistance QTL on Vu01. This novel resistance in FN-2-9-04 is an important resource for broadening RKN resistance in elite cowpea cultivars

The use of miR-92a inhibitor to enhance endothelial progenitor cell-mediated regeneration of injured arteries

Restenosis, a pathological condition characterised by neointima formation and lumen narrowing, can occur in some patients submitted to percutaneous coronary intervention. Reducing its incidence remains an important medical issue. Circulating endothelial precursor cells (EPCs) home to the vascular injury site and contribute to re-endothelialisation and neointima attenuation. However, the engraftment and repair capacity of EPCs from patients with cardiovascular disease are typically impaired. Priming strategies to increase EPCs’ engraftment may improve post-injury outcomes. Antiangiogenic miR-92a is upregulated in EPCs of cardiovascular patients, contributing to their reduced regenerative capacity. It was hypothesized that miR-92a antagonism in EPCs could result in a more favourable angiogenesis profile, with the rationale of developing a future functional priming strategy before cell transplantation which could lead to increased engrafting/thriving and accelerated re-endothelialisation on injured segments, hence, contributing towards post-PCI restenosis prevention. The aims of the work were: 1) to differentiate and characterise CD34+ -derived late-outgrowth EPCs from an enriched progenitor human source; 2) to characterise target gene expression and demonstrate in vitro the functional priming following the treatment of EPCs with miR-92a inhibitor and relate it to the ensueing integrin α5 subunit (ITGA5) derepression. A human EPC culture was obtained following differentiation of cord blood CD34+ cells. miR-92a inhibitor treatment using oligofectamine in CD34+ -derived late-outgrowth EPCs revealed proangiogenic,-migratory,-proliferative, and -adhesive effects in vitro, which was accompanied by the derepression of integrin α5 (ITGA5). Remarkably, siRNA ITGA5 abrogated the enhanced matrix adhesion in primed EPCs, highlighting the role of the miR-92a downstream target in EPC engraftment. Preliminary intraluminal transplantation results suggested enhanced engraftment capacity of primed EPCs in the rat carotid balloon angioplasty model

Developing Resilience Online: Evaluation of Synchronous and Asynchronous Resilience Interventions for Filipino College Students

This study evaluated two forms of a resilience intervention amongst college students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Utilising a randomised controlled trial design; it examined the impact of a synchronous and asynchronous resilience interventions versus a control group that did a journaling intervention. Outcomes measured included coping behaviour; non-reactivity; wellbeing; stress; depression and anxiety. Participants consisted of Filipino college students randomly assigned to three groups: synchronous online resilience group (n = 135); asynchronous resilience group (n = 121) and control group (n = 127). Results revealed that students who went through the online synchronous resilience reported a significant reduction in depression at post-intervention compared to those who went through an asynchronous intervention. Post-intervention scores for nonreactivity were also higher in the synchronous group compared to both asynchronous and journaling groups. Effect sizes were small to moderate. This study suggests that online resilience interventions are viable means to address the mental health needs of students; especially in countries with limited mental health resources

Desarrollo de metodologías in vitro para la conservación y distribución de germoplasma de Brachiaria spp

La colección de forrajes tropicales del programa de recursos genéticos conserva 23.140 accesiones correspondientes a 734 especies de 128 géneros. Dentro de esta colección se encuentran las gramíneas del género Brachiaria que corresponden a 601 accesiones representadas en 23 especies identificadas. Este es el forraje más ampliamente cultivado en regiones tropicales y subtropicales para los sistemas agropastoriles, debido a su tolerancia a suelos ácidos y pobres y a la buena calidad nutricional de algunas de sus especies. Tradicionalmente los procesos de multiplicación y regeneración del germoplasma de Brachiaria se realizan en condiciones de campo; en estas condiciones es factible el ataque de patógenos como virus, bacterias, insectos, nematodos y hongos que afectan la calidad fitosanitaria del germoplasma, causando la pérdida de semilla, baja tasa de germinación y restricción en su distribución. En este trabajo se presentan las condiciones desarrolladas para la introducción in vitro (semillas botánicas y material vegetativo), multiplicación y preparación de muestras para distribución internacional que viene desarrollando el grupo de conservación in vitro para B. brizantha, B. subquadripara, B. decumbens, B. arrecta, B. humidicola, B. plantaginea y B. ruziziensis. Las técnicas in vitro ofrecen una alternativa complementaria en las actividades de conservación y distribución de germoplasma para estos materiales, lo anterior teniendo en cuenta que las colecciones son mantenidas en campo, pocas accesiones se conservan mediante semilla de buena calidad y que no existen protocolos para la conservación in vitro

Gomas trituradas: Estado del arte, situación actual y posibles usos como materia prima en Puerto Rico

La acumulación de neumáticos desechados es uno de los problemas ambientales que más importancia ha tomado en los últimos años. En países desarrollados la producción es mayor cada año y los métodos más usados para la disposición final, como la colocación en vertederos, ya no son permitidos. Esto genera la necesidad de buscar nuevas alternativas para darle una disposición apropiada a los neumáticos desechados. En Puerto Rico el problema debe ser atendido con prontitud, ya que se ha llegado a una producción de un neumático por habitante por año (1 neu/hab/año), similar a la producción de Estados Unidos. En este trabajo se realizó una revisión de la situación del reciclado de neumáticos con el fin de conocer los diferentes usos dados a la goma. El enfoque principal fue la goma triturada, la cual se ha convertido en materia prima para usos variados. Se estudiaron temas como el uso de goma triturada en sistemas de recolección de lixiviados y en absorción de contaminantes, como componente del concreto y como sustituto de agregados, el asfaltocaucho y el uso de la goma triturada en terraplenes. Además se analizó la situación actual de Puerto Rico frente a este problema

Understanding microRNAs in the Context of Infection to Find New Treatments against Human Bacterial Pathogens

[EN] The development of RNA-based anti-infectives has gained interest with the successful application of mRNA-based vaccines. Small RNAs are molecules of RNA of <200 nucleotides in length that may control the expression of specific genes. Small RNAs include small interference RNAs (siRNAs), Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs), or microRNAs (miRNAs). Notably, the role of miRNAs on the post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression has been studied in detail in the context of cancer and many other genetic diseases. However, it is also becoming apparent that some human miRNAs possess important antimicrobial roles by silencing host genes essential for the progress of bacterial or viral infections. Therefore, their potential use as novel antimicrobial therapies has gained interest during the last decade. The challenges of the transport and delivery of miRNAs to target cells are important, but recent research with exosomes is overcoming the limitations in RNA-cellular uptake, avoiding their degradation. Therefore, in this review, we have summarised the latest developments in the exosomal delivery of miRNA-based therapies, which may soon be another complementary treatment to pathogen-targeted antibiotics that could help solve the problem caused by multidrug-resistant bacteriaSIWe thank the Junta de Castilla y León (Spain) for funding our research work on microRNAs, grant number LE044P20. A.M. is supported with a postdoctoral fellowship “Margarita Salas”. M.L. is the recipient of a “Beatriz Galindo” grant (Ref. BEAGAL18/00068 - BGP18/00033

Broad-based root-knot nematode resistance identified in cowpea gene-pool two

U suvremenom svijetu ekonomije i nepredvidivih promjena svaka organizacija primorana je proširivati svoje znanje i neprestano učiti. Sposobnost učenja je jedinstvena karakteristika svakog ljudskog bića, ali organizacije kao same, u kojima ljudi funkcioniraju tijekom svog života tu sposobnost nemaju. To može dovesti do nedostatka ideja vodilja koje ona treba pružiti dođu u situaciju da ne razumiju i ne mogu se suočiti s nastalom promjenom ili situacijom. Tu dolazi do povezanosti sa motivacijom, koja je jedna od temeljnih čimbenika uspješne i ugledne ogranizacije. Ona se može odrediti kao proces pokretanja aktivnosti radi ostvarenja određenih ciljeva te usmjeravanja aktivnosti na određene objekte i reguliranje načina na koji će se postupiti. Kako bi poduzeće učilo, mora napredovati, a kako bi napredovalo, mora postojati motivacija među zaposlenicima. Ovim se radom ističu upravljanje ljudskim potencijalima te naravno motivacija kao jedna od njih, a temeljni cilj istraživanja je spoznati nešto više o unaprjeđivanju i obrazovanju zaposlenika te analiziranje uloge motivacije u tvrtci Atlantic Grupa d.d.In the modern world of fast-paced economics and unpredictable changes, each organization has been forced to expand its knowledge and to continuously learn. Learning is a unique feature of every human being, but organizations like themselves, in which people work throughout their lives, do not have that ability. This can lead to a lack of idea of the guideline that needs to come into a situation that they do not understand and can not cope with the change or situation that is being created. Here comes to the connection with motivation, which is one of the fundamental factors of successful and reputable encounters. It can be defined as a process of initiating activities to achieve certain goals and directing activities to specific objects and regulating how to act. In order for an enterprise to learn, it must progress, and in order to progress, there must be motivation among employees. This paper emphasizes human resource management and of course motivation as one of them, and the main goal of the research is to know more about improving and educating employees and analyzing the role of motivation at Atlantic Grupa d.d