Programa multimedia de desarrollo de capacidades en alumnos del Primer Ciclo de Educación Primaria

In this study we examine the theoretical and practical effects of Supermat, a neuropsychologically- based multimedia software program treating cognitive intervention, whose primary objectives with regard to capabilities development can be abridged as the following: development of spatial orientation, perception, memory and attention. To measure the results of our project, we utilized a sample group consisting of 56 informants from the initial two levels of primary education. Of these, 27 formed our control group while the remaining 29 comprised the test set. The latter were exposed to our focus multimedia program on a daily basis over a two-year span. In line with current studies of this type, the role of the educator as mediator was crucial to the program’s progress. One of the upshots of our research is that we are able to evaluate the multimedia program’s efficacy with specific regard to capability development from not only a psychopedagogical and didactic framework, but from a neuropsychophysiological foundation as well. The results of our research are encouraging and provoke us to further ponder innovative ways to tighten the gap between the contemporary neuroscience data and practical pedagogical practices.En este trabajo se reflejan los aspectos, tanto teóricos como prácticos, que envuelven a Supermat, programa de intervención cognitiva con base neuropsicológica y soporte informático, cuyos objetivos por capacidades pueden resumirse así: desarrollar la orientación espacial, la percepción, la memoria y la atención. Utilizamos una muestra de 56 sujetos, alumnos del Primer Ciclo de Educación Primaria. De ellos, 27 formaron el grupo control y otros 29 el grupo experimental. Estos últimos, diariamente y durante dos cursos escolares, utilizaron el programa Supermat. La figura del profesor como mediador fue fundamental durante todo el desarrollo del programa. Con este trabajo se evalúa, por primera vez, un programa con soporte informático de desarrollo de capacidades con una base, además de psicopedagógica y didáctica, neuropsicofisiológica. Los resultados obtenidos son esperanzadores en cuanto a la aproximación del mundo de la neurociencia a la práctica diaria de la educación

Computational Screening of Structure-Directing Agents for the Synthesis of Pure Silica ITE Zeolite

This document is the Accepted Manuscript version of a Published Work that appeared in final form in The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters, copyright © American Chemical Society after peer review and technical editing by the publisher. To access the final edited and published work see https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c01734.[EN] "Shape" was the first criterion claimed to explain the specificity between organic structure-directing agents (OSDAs) and zeolite micropores. With the advent of computational chemistry methods applied to study the effectiveness of SDA-zeolite combinations, "energy" (mainly van der Waals) became the most commonly invoked concept to explain the zeolite phase selectivity. The lower the energy, the better the SDA_ In this study, we rescue the concept of shape, and we combine it with the concept of energy within the frame of a SDA screening approach to identify new SDAs for the synthesis of cage-based ITE zeolite. Once we identify an appropriate shape fingerprint, filtering through the SDA database can be done quickly and accurately. With the shape selection, an automated Monte Carlo software allows us to assess the suitability using the force-field-calculated zeo-SDA energy. The computational approach can be promptly applied to other cage-based zeolites.We thank MICINN of Spain for funding through projects RTI2018-101784-B-I00, RTI2018-101033-B-I00, and SEV-2016-0683. S.L. thanks MICINN for the predoctoral grant BES-2017-081245 corresponding to project SEV-2016-068317-2. Prof. A. Corma is acknowledged for collaboration from the SEV-2016-0683 project. We thank ASIC-UPV for the use of their computational facilities.León-Rubio, S.; Sastre Navarro, GI. (2020). Computational Screening of Structure-Directing Agents for the Synthesis of Pure Silica ITE Zeolite. The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters. 11(15):6164-6167. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c01734S616461671115Davis, M. E. (2013). Zeolites from a Materials Chemistry Perspective. Chemistry of Materials, 26(1), 239-245. doi:10.1021/cm401914uLi, J., Corma, A., & Yu, J. (2015). Synthesis of new zeolite structures. Chemical Society Reviews, 44(20), 7112-7127. doi:10.1039/c5cs00023hČejka, J., Millini, R., Opanasenko, M., Serrano, D. P., & Roth, W. J. (2020). Advances and challenges in zeolite synthesis and catalysis. Catalysis Today, 345, 2-13. doi:10.1016/j.cattod.2019.10.021Rimer, J. D. (2018). Rational design of zeolite catalysts. Nature Catalysis, 1(7), 488-489. doi:10.1038/s41929-018-0114-5Barrer, R. M. (1960). Stabilization of lattices by sorbed and included molecules. Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids, 16(1-2), 84-89. doi:10.1016/0022-3697(60)90076-7Zones, S. I. (1989). Synthesis of pentasil zeolites from sodium silicate solutions in the presence of quaternary imidazole compounds. Zeolites, 9(6), 458-467. doi:10.1016/0144-2449(89)90039-0Davis, M. E. (1993). New vistas in zeolite and molecular sieve catalysis. Accounts of Chemical Research, 26(3), 111-115. doi:10.1021/ar00027a006Gies, H., & Marker, B. (1992). The structure-controlling role of organic templates for the synthesis of porosils in the systems SiO2/template/H2O. Zeolites, 12(1), 42-49. doi:10.1016/0144-2449(92)90008-dBoyett, R. E., Stevens, A. P., Ford, M. G., & Cox, P. A. (1996). A quantitative shape analysis of organic templates employed in zeolite synthesis. Zeolites, 17(5-6), 508-512. doi:10.1016/s0144-2449(96)00073-5Bell, R. G., Lewis, D. W., Voigt, P., Freeman, C. M., Thomas, J. M., & Catlow, C. R. A. (1994). Computer Modelling of Sorbates and Templates in Microporous Materials. Zeolites and Related Microporous Materials: State of the Art 1994 - Proceedings of the 10th International Zeolite Conference, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany, 17-22 July 1994, 2075-2082. doi:10.1016/s0167-2991(08)63768-4Cox, P. A., Casci, J. L., & Stevens, A. P. (1997). Molecular modelling of templated zeolite synthesis. Faraday Discussions, 106, 473-487. doi:10.1039/a701487bWagner, P., Nakagawa, Y., Lee, G. S., Davis, M. E., Elomari, S., Medrud, R. C., & Zones, S. I. (2000). Guest/Host Relationships in the Synthesis of the Novel Cage-Based Zeolites SSZ-35, SSZ-36, and SSZ-39. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 122(2), 263-273. doi:10.1021/ja990722uShi, C., Li, L., Yang, L., & Li, Y. (2020). Molecular simulations of host-guest interactions between zeolite framework STW and its organic structure-directing agents. Chinese Chemical Letters, 31(7), 1951-1955. doi:10.1016/j.cclet.2020.01.016Burton, A. W., Lee, G. S., & Zones, S. I. (2006). Phase selectivity in the syntheses of cage-based zeolite structures: An investigation of thermodynamic interactions between zeolite hosts and structure directing agents by molecular modeling. Microporous and Mesoporous Materials, 90(1-3), 129-144. doi:10.1016/j.micromeso.2005.11.022Gálvez-Llompart, M., Cantín, A., Rey, F., & Sastre, G. (2018). Computational screening of structure directing agents for the synthesis of zeolites. A simplified model. Zeitschrift für Kristallographie - Crystalline Materials, 234(7-8), 451-460. doi:10.1515/zkri-2018-2132Gálvez-Llompart, M., Gálvez, J., Rey, F., & Sastre, G. (2020). Identification of New Templates for the Synthesis of BEA, BEC, and ISV Zeolites Using Molecular Topology and Monte Carlo Techniques. Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling, 60(6), 2819-2829. doi:10.1021/acs.jcim.0c00231Schmidt, J. E., Deem, M. W., & Davis, M. E. (2014). Synthesis of a Specified, Silica Molecular Sieve by Using Computationally Predicted Organic Structure-Directing Agents. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 53(32), 8372-8374. doi:10.1002/anie.201404076Daeyaert, F., & Deem, M. W. (2019). Design of organic structure directing agents for polymorph A zeolite beta. Journal of Materials Chemistry A, 7(16), 9854-9866. doi:10.1039/c8ta11913aDaeyaert, F., Ye, F., & Deem, M. W. (2019). Machine-learning approach to the design of OSDAs for zeolite beta. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 116(9), 3413-3418. doi:10.1073/pnas.1818763116Camblor, M. A., Corma, A., Lightfoot, P., Villaescusa, L. A., & Wright, P. A. (1997). Synthesis and Structure of ITQ-3, the First Pure Silica Polymorph with a Two-Dimensional System of Straight Eight-Ring Channels. Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English, 36(23), 2659-2661. doi:10.1002/anie.199726591Olson, D. H., Camblor, M. A., Villaescusa, L. A., & Kuehl, G. H. (2004). Light hydrocarbon sorption properties of pure silica Si-CHA and ITQ-3 and high silica ZSM-58. Microporous and Mesoporous Materials, 67(1), 27-33. doi:10.1016/j.micromeso.2003.09.025SciFinder; CAS: Columbus, OH, 2020. https://www.cas.org/products/scifinder. (Accessed July 15th, 2020)Foster, M. D., Rivin, I., Treacy, M. M. J., & Delgado Friedrichs, O. (2006). A geometric solution to the largest-free-sphere problem in zeolite frameworks. Microporous and Mesoporous Materials, 90(1-3), 32-38. doi:10.1016/j.micromeso.2005.08.02

Sobre el papel de la ciencia jurídica en el Estado constitucional

Recensión de Notas al comentario de A. Peña Freir

Suppressors of Cytokine Signaling 3 Expression in Eosinophils: Regulation by PGE2 and Th2 Cytokines

Asthma and nonasthmatic eosinophilic bronchitis (NAEB) are respiratory disorders characterized by a predominance of Th2 cells and eosinophilic inflammation. Suppressors of cytokine signaling (SOCS) proteins play an important role in Th2-mediated allergic responses through control of the balance between Th1 and Th2 cells, particularly, SOCS3 and SOCS5. The aim of this study was to analyze SOCS expression in human peripheral blood eosinophils from patients with asthma, NAEB and healthy controls. SOCS expression in eosinophils from subjects was demonstrated by different techniques. Results showed that expression of SOCS3 in eosinophils and CD4 T cells from patients was higher than in healthy subjects. In addition, we demonstrated that prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and Th2 cytokines are able to upregulate SOCS3 production in eosinophils and attenuate its degranulation. In conclusion, eosinophils are able to transcribe and translate SOCS3 protein and can contribute to the regulation of the Th1/Th2 balance through SOCS3 production

Programa multimedia de desarrollo de capacidades en alumnos del Primer Ciclo de Educación Primaria

In this study we examine the theoretical and practical effects of Supermat, a neuropsychologically- based multimedia software program treating cognitive intervention, whose primary objectives with regard to capabilities development can be abridged as the following: development of spatial orientation, perception, memory and attention. To measure the results of our project, we utilized a sample group consisting of 56 informants from the initial two levels of primary education. Of these, 27 formed our control group while the remaining 29 comprised the test set. The latter were exposed to our focus multimedia program on a daily basis over a two-year span. In line with current studies of this type, the role of the educator as mediator was crucial to the program’s progress. One of the upshots of our research is that we are able to evaluate the multimedia program’s efficacy with specific regard to capability development from not only a psychopedagogical and didactic framework, but from a neuropsychophysiological foundation as well. The results of our research are encouraging and provoke us to further ponder innovative ways to tighten the gap between the contemporary neuroscience data and practical pedagogical practices

Perfil, motivação e satisfação do visitante turístico. O caso de cuenca, cidade patrimônio da humanidade

El turismo es un motor económico en Cuenca (España); sin embargo, la despoblación frena su desarrollo. Una posible medida para reactivar la actividad turística pasa por segmentar a los visitantes en grupos definidos con el objetivo de ofrecer servicios y productos ajustados a sus deseos y necesidades. Esta investigación se propone conocer los perfiles de visitantes de la ciudad en base a datos sociodemográficos, características del viaje y, sobre todo, sus motivaciones. Además, se indaga en su satisfacción y en la relación con las motivaciones de la visita. Para ello, se han desarrollado dos cuestionarios cumplimentados por los visitantes de la ciudad. Los datos obtenidos han sido explotados a través del software estadístico SPSS. Los resultados avalan el uso de la motivación como criterio de segmentación junto con la recopilación de datos sociodemográficos del visitante y las características de su viaje. De igual modo, se demuestra que la satisfacción turística tiene relación con las motivaciones del visitante a excepción de los llamados “satisfactores generales”. Además, se constata que la promoción turística debe orientarse hacia los potenciales focos emisores de visitantes y a través de internet, teniendo en consideración la importancia de la imagen de destino.Tourism is a driving force for the economy of Cuenca, Spain. Nevertheless, depopulation is restraining its development. One possible measure to reactivate touristic activity involves the segmentation of visitors into defined groups in order to offer services and products according to visitors’ interests and needs. This research aims to know the visitors’ profile based on their sociodemographic data, their trip characteristics and, particularly, their motivations. In addition, this research examines the visitors’ satisfaction and its relationship to their trip motivations. To this end, two questionnaires were developed and distributed to visitors. The obtained data was analysed through the SPSS statistical software. Results encourage the use of motivation as a segmentation criterion along with the collection of visitors’ sociodemographic data and trip characteristics. This research also proves that tourist satisfaction is related to visitors’ motivations, except for the ‘general satisfiers’. In addition, it is found that tourism promotion needs to be orientated towards potential sources of visitors through the Internet, bearing in mind the importance of the image of the destination.O turismo é um motor econômico na cidade de Cuenca na Espanha), no entanto, o despovoamento retarda o seu desenvolvimento. Uma das medidas possíveis para reativar a atividade turística consiste em segmentar os visitantes em grupos definidos, como o objetivo de oferecer serviços e produtos adaptados aos seus desejos e necessidades. Esta pesquisa, visa conhecer os perfis dos visitantes da cidade com base em dados sociodemográficos, características de viagem e, principalmente de tudo, as suas motivações. Além disso, investiga a sua satisfação e a sua relação com as motivações da visita. Para este fim, foram elaborados dois questionários preenchidos pelos visitantes da cidade. Os dados obtidos foram explorados por meio do software estatístico SPSS. Os resultados comprovam a utilização da motivação como critério de segmentação junto com a coleta de dados sociodemográficos do visitante e das características da sua viagem. De igual modo, argumenta-se que a satisfação do turista está relacionada às motivações do visitante, com a exceção dos chamados “satisfatores gerais”. Além disso, verifica-se que a promoção turística deve orientar-se para potenciais focos emissores de visitantes e através da Internet, tendo em conta a importância da imagem do destino.Instituto de Investigaciones en Turism

Evaluación inicial de los riesgos psicosociales en profesores de secundaria

El presente trabajo de investigación examina una muestra de casi cuatrocientos sujetos de una de las profesiones más vulnerables al burnout, o síndrome de profesional quemado, la docencia, dentro de institutos tanto públicos como concertados de la Comunidad Autónoma de Aragón, durante los años 2011 y 2012, mediante los instrumentos de medida; Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) y su complementario “Seis Áreas de Vida Laboral”, junto con la toma de datos referentes a variables demográficas, datos de salud, violencia física o psíquica sufrida y ajuste de la relación docente (desajuste en la relación docente producido por diversos factores: pérdida de respeto, de motivación, temores, etc.). Los resultados muestran un grado de burnout moderado, que hace recomendable una intervención preventiva en el profesorado, incidiendo sobre todo en la falta de realización persona

Perfil, motivação e satisfação do visitante turístico: o caso de Cuenca, cidade patrimônio da humanidade

Tourism is a driving force for the economy of Cuenca, Spain. Nevertheless, depopulation is restraining its development. One possible measure to reactivate touristic activity involves the segmentation of visitors into defined groups in order to offer services and products according to visitors’ interests and needs. This research aims to know the visitors’ profile based on their sociodemographic data, their trip characteristics and, particularly, their motivations. In addition, this research examines the visitors’ satisfaction and its relationship to their trip motivations. To this end, two questionnaires were developed and distributed to visitors. The obtained data was analysed through the SPSS statistical software. Results encourage the use of motivation as a segmentation criterion along with the collection of visitors’ sociodemographic data and trip characteristics. This research also proves that tourist satisfaction is related to visitors’ motivations, except for the ‘general satisfiers’. In addition, it is found that tourism promotion needs to be orientated towards potential sources of visitors through the Internet, bearing in mind the importance of the image of the destination.El turismo es un motor económico en Cuenca (España); sin embargo, la despoblación frena su desarrollo. Una posible medida para reactivar la actividad turística pasa por segmentar a los visitantes en grupos definidos con el objetivo de ofrecer servicios y productos ajustados a sus deseos y necesidades. Esta investigación se propone conocer los perfiles de visitantes de la ciudad en base a datos sociodemográficos, características del viaje y, sobre todo, sus motivaciones. Además, se indaga en su satisfacción y en la relación con las motivaciones de la visita. Para ello, se han desarrollado dos cuestionarios cumplimentados por los visitantes de la ciudad. Los datos obtenidos han sido explotados a través del software estadístico SPSS.  Los resultados avalan el uso de la motivación como criterio de segmentación junto con la recopilación de datos sociodemográficos del visitante y las características de su viaje. De igual modo, se demuestra que la satisfacción turística tiene relación con las motivaciones del visitante a excepción de los llamados “satisfactores generales”. Además, se constata que la promoción turística debe orientarse hacia los potenciales focos emisores de visitantes y a través de internet, teniendo en consideración la importancia de la imagen de destino.O turismo é um motor econômico na cidade de Cuenca na Espanha), no entanto, o despovoamento retarda o seu desenvolvimento. Uma das medidas possíveis para reativar a atividade turística consiste em segmentar os visitantes em grupos definidos, como o objetivo de oferecer serviços e produtos adaptados aos seus desejos e necessidades. Esta pesquisa, visa conhecer os perfis dos visitantes da cidade com base em dados sociodemográficos, características de viagem e, principalmente de tudo, as suas motivações. Além disso, investiga a sua satisfação e a sua relação com as motivações da visita. Para este fim, foram elaborados dois questionários preenchidos pelos visitantes da cidade. Os dados obtidos foram explorados por meio do software estatístico SPSS. Os resultados comprovam a utilização da motivação como critério de segmentação junto com a coleta de dados sociodemográficos do visitante e das características da sua viagem. De igual modo, argumenta-se que a satisfação do turista está relacionada às motivações do visitante, com a exceção dos chamados “satisfatores gerais”. Além disso, verifica-se que a promoção turística deve orientar-se para potenciais focos emissores de visitantes e através da Internet, tendo em conta a importância da imagem do destino

Evaluación de las actitudes e intereses hacia la lectura: validación de un instrumento para lectores principiantes

Se presenta un instrumento de evaluación de las actitudes e intereses lectores destinado a estudiantes de los primeros cursos de Primaria, que se deriva de la escala elaborada por Meirisuo-Storm y Soininen (2012). La actitud y la motivación pueden ser dos de las principales razones por las que la mayoría de los lectores leen: no obstante, a menudo se ha ignorado el importante papel que éstas desempeñan. El cuestionario evalúa cinco dimensiones: motivación hacia la lectura, intereses lectores, actitudes hacia la lectura social, percepción de la competencia lectora y motivación hacia el aprendizaje y el estudio. Se ha llevado a cabo un análisis factorial confirmatorio con una muestra de 1135 estudiantes de 2º de Primaria, con una edad de entre 7 y 8.4 años (media 7.7 y DT=0.99). Dicho análisis muestra un buen ajuste del modelo de cinco factores a los datos. Asimismo, se han realizado los estudios de invarianza exigibles para que el instrumento pueda aplicarse en niños y niñas de 2º de Primaria. Tras eliminar las fuentes de invarianza, el análisis muestra algunas diferencias de género significativas: las niñas presentan una mayor motivación hacia la lectura y una actitud más positiva hacia la lectura social, mientras que los niños muestran una mejor percepción de la competencia lectora. Además, se observan importantes diferencias en los intereses lectores. Se concluye que este instrumento puede servir de gran ayuda al profesorado para estimar los niveles de actitud y motivación del alumnado de forma fiable, así como para la evaluación de estudiantes específicos y para la estimación de los cambios que se producen en las actitudes tras programas de intervención