251 research outputs found

    Les relations entres les générations, les valeurs au travail et les comportements de citoyenneté organisationnelle

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    Notre recherche a pour but de mieux comprendre les comportements de citoyennetĂ© organisationnelle et plus particuliĂšrement ce qui peut les favoriser ou les dĂ©favoriser. Nous en avons retenu cinq pour notre recherche: les comportements de vertu civique, d’esprit d’équipe, conformistes, de courtoisie et d’altruisme Nous avons choisi d’étudier l’influence des valeurs au travail sur ces comportements et notre objectif est de vĂ©rifier l’influence de 28 valeurs au travail sur nos cinq comportements de citoyennetĂ© organisationnelle. Par ailleurs, nous avons choisi d’inclure Ă  notre modĂšle de recherche la variable des gĂ©nĂ©rations. Nous cherchons Ă  savoir si les valeurs au travail peuvent changer en fonction de l’appartenance d’un individu Ă  l’une des 4 gĂ©nĂ©rations prĂ©sentes sur le marchĂ© du travail (VĂ©tĂ©rans, Baby Boomers, X et Y) et si le fait d’appartenir Ă  une gĂ©nĂ©-ration plutĂŽt qu’une autre aura un impact sur les comportements de citoyennetĂ© organisationnelle. Les donnĂ©es ont Ă©tĂ© collectĂ©es au sein de la firme de sondage l’Observateur. Au total, 278 questionnaires sont utilisables dans le cadre de notre recherche. Des analyses de rĂ©gression hiĂ©rarchiques ont permis de vĂ©rifier la capacitĂ© explicative des valeurs sur les comportements de citoyennetĂ© organisationnelle. Des tests post hoc de ScheffĂ© ont permis de vĂ©rifier l’existence de diffĂ©rences de valeurs entre les gĂ©nĂ©rations et des analyses de variance nous ont permis de vĂ©rifier l’influence des gĂ©nĂ©rations sur les comportements de citoyennetĂ© organisationnelle. Les rĂ©sultats indiquent que des liens significatifs existent entre les valeurs et les comportements de citoyennetĂ© organisationnelle permettant ainsi de confirmer l’influence favorable ou dĂ©favorable de certaines valeurs parmi les 28 Ă  l’étude sur nos cinq comportements de citoyennetĂ© organisationnelle. En ce qui a trait aux diffĂ©rences existan-tes entre nos gĂ©nĂ©rations Ă  l’étude, les rĂ©sultats nous rĂ©vĂšlent qu’elles sont beaucoup moins importantes que ce que la littĂ©rature nous laisse penser. Finalement, nos rĂ©sultats ne nous permettent pas de confirmer que certaines gĂ©nĂ©rations sont plus disposĂ©es que d’autres Ă  adopter des comportements de citoyennetĂ© organisationnelle. Mots-clĂ©s : valeurs au travail, gĂ©nĂ©ration, comportements de citoyennetĂ© organisationnelle.Our research aims to better understand organizational citizenship behaviors and in particular, which individual values can promote or disadvantage them. We selected five such behaviors for sour research: civic virtue, sportsmanship, conscientiousness, courtesy and altruism. We chose to study influence of 28 individually-hold work-related values on these five organizational citizenship behaviors. We also chose to include generations as an antecedent of work values. Respondents were sorted into four generation still active in the labor market (i.e., Veterans, Baby Boomers, X, Y. We also investigated whether belonging to a generation rather than another has an impact on organizational citizenship behaviors. Data were collected by a survey firm called Observateur. In total, 278 questionnaires were used in the context of our research. Hierarchical regression analysis was used to assess the explanatory power of values on organizational citizenship behaviors. Post hoc ScheffĂ© tests verified the existence of differences in values between generations and an analysis of variance allowed us to check the influence of generations of organizational citizenship behaviors. The results suggest significant associations between values and organizational citizenship behaviors thus confirming the positive or negative influence of certain values on five organizational citizenship behaviors. With respect to the differences in values between generations, the results reveal that they are much smaller than the literature suggests. Finally, our results show that belonging to a generation rather than another has no significant impact on organizational citizenship behaviors. Keywords: work values, generation, organizational citizenship behavior

    A local energy management system for solar integration and improved security of supply: The Nice Grid project

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    International audienceThis paper describes Nice Grid, a demonstration project part of the European initiative Grid4EU. The project aims at developing a smart solar neighbourhood in the urban area of the city of Nice, France. The four year project started in November 2011 and will test the suitability of recent developments in distribution networks management for facilitating the connection of distributed renewable generators, improving the security of supply and let customers and other actors to provide network services. The idea behind Nice Grid is to combine controllable distributed electricity and thermal storage devices with forecasts of solar power production and load in a local energy management system. The paper, which represents a useful reference for the project, presents also a detailed overview of relevant European demonstration projects on Smart Grid

    Dossier n° 7 - Du droit au logement aux expĂ©riences de l’habiter

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    Depuis quelques mois, la question de l’accĂšs au logement fait la Une de l’actualitĂ©. Le dĂ©clencheur de cette mĂ©diatisation est le campement de personnes sans-abri organisĂ© sur les rives du canal Saint-Martin par l’association Don Quichotte. En rĂ©ponse, le gouvernement a fait adopter une loi faisant du droit au logement un droit « opposable », c’est-Ă -dire dont toute personne peut se prĂ©valoir devant un tribunal. Celle-ci marque un tournant historique dans la longue lutte de la sociĂ©tĂ© civile ..

    Quantification du comportement du sillage des Ă©oliennes grĂące Ă  des mesures in-situ par LiDAR scannant

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    La production Ă©olienne industrielle s'organise sous la forme de centrales regroupant de quelques unitĂ©s Ă  la centaine d'Ă©oliennes. Ces centrales sont dissĂ©minĂ©es sur le territoire terrestre ou maritime en des lieux soigneusement sĂ©lectionnĂ©s sur la base de nombreux critĂšres, dont le potentiel Ă©olien. Cela concerne la qualitĂ© des vents incidents, l'influence de la complexitĂ© gĂ©omĂ©trique du site mais aussi les interactions aĂ©rodynamiques entre Ă©oliennes qui pourraient dĂ©grader la qualitĂ© du vent incident et donc la production Ă©nergĂ©tique. En fonction de la direction des vents, la proximitĂ© des Ă©oliennes organisĂ©es en parc induit trĂšs frĂ©quemment des interactions de sillages entre deux ou plusieurs machines alignĂ©es. Le sillage gĂ©nĂ©rĂ© par une Ă©olienne se caractĂ©rise principalement par un dĂ©ficit de vitesse du vent et une augmentation de la turbulence sur plusieurs centaines de mĂštres en aval. L'interaction du sillage d'une Ă©olienne sur une seconde se traduit par une diminution du rendement ainsi qu'une augmentation des charges aĂ©rodynamiques fatiguant prĂ©maturĂ©ment les matĂ©riaux. De plus, les grandes Ă©chelles de la turbulence atmosphĂ©rique ont tendance Ă  modifier la trajectoire des sillages Ă©oliens avec un caractĂšre instationnaire, appelĂ© mĂ©andrement (« meandering »). La stabilitĂ© thermique de l'atmosphĂšre a Ă©galement une influence trĂšs forte sur le comportement instationnaire du sillage puisqu'elle peut ĂȘtre la source de mouvements convectifs de grande ampleur, pouvant modifier le contenu turbulent de la couche limite atmosphĂ©rique. Le projet ANR SMARTEOLE (ANR-14-CE05-0034) a permis la mise en place d'une campagne d'essais de 7 mois dont un des objectifs Ă©tait la capture du sillage de deux Ă©oliennes, en interaction, ou non, grĂące Ă  un LiDAR scannant fixĂ© au sol, Ă  1500m de la zone d'intĂ©rĂȘt. L'acquisition d'un champ de vitesse quasi-horizontal est assurĂ©e en 15 secondes et peut ĂȘtre considĂ©rĂ©e comme une mesure du champ de vitesse instantanĂ©e. Les positions des sillages Ă©oliens instantanĂ©s sont dĂ©tectĂ©es sur chaque champ instantanĂ© grĂące Ă  une mĂ©thode de dĂ©termination du centre du sillage dĂ©veloppĂ©e et validĂ©e sur des essais comparables en soufflerie. L'Ă©cart-type de la position instantanĂ©e des sillages peut alors ĂȘtre dĂ©terminĂ©. La classification des donnĂ©es en fonction de la stabilitĂ© thermique, de la direction et de la vitesse du vent permet ensuite de dĂ©terminer une cartographie du comportement du sillage Ă©olien en fonction de ces paramĂštres. Une partie des rĂ©sultats de cette Ă©tude paramĂ©trique seront prĂ©sentĂ©s

    Results of successive EORTC-CLG 58 881 and 58 951 trials in paediatric T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL)

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    Outcomes in childhood T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (T-ALL) are steadily improving due to intensive therapy. Between 1989 and 2008, 599 children with newly diagnosed T-ALL were enrolled in two successive European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer - Children's Leukaemia Group trials (58881 and 58951), both based on the Berlin-Frankfurt-Munster protocol and without cranial irradiation. In the latter trial induction chemotherapy was intensified. The most important randomizations were Medac Escherichia coli asparaginase versus Erwinia asparaginase in trial 58881, and dexamethasone (6 mg/m(2)/day) versus prednisolone (60 mg/m(2)/day) and prolonged versus conventional asparaginase duration in trial 58951. 8-year event-free survival (EFS) increased from 65 center dot 1% to 74 center dot 0% in trial 58951. Improvement was most profound for patients with white blood cell (WBC) counts E. coli asparaginase was associated with longer EFS [hazard ratio (HR) 0 center dot 54, P = 0 center dot 0015] and overall survival (HR 0 center dot 51, P = 0 center dot 0018). Induction therapy with dexamethasone did not improve EFS compared to prednisolone. Remarkably, intensification of central nervous system (CNS)-directed therapy in trial 58951 resulted in fewer bone marrow relapses, while the incidence of CNS relapses remained low. In summary, we showed that adequate asparaginase therapy, intensified induction treatment and intensification of CNS-directed chemotherapy can result in an improvement of outcome in T-ALL patients with good prephase response and initial WBC counts <100 x 10(9)/l, representing approximately 50% of T-ALL patients

    Noncanonical splicing junctions between exons and transposable elements represent a source of immunogenic recurrent neo-antigens in patients with lung cancer

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    Although most characterized tumor antigens are encoded by canonical transcripts (such as differentiation or tumor-testis antigens) or mutations (both driver and passenger mutations), recent results have shown that noncanonical transcripts including long noncoding RNAs and transposable elements (TEs) can also encode tumor-specific neo-antigens. Here, we investigate the presentation and immunogenicity of tumor antigens derived from noncanonical mRNA splicing events between coding exons and TEs. Comparing human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and diverse healthy tissues, we identified a subset of splicing junctions that is both tumor specific and shared across patients. We used HLA-I peptidomics to identify peptides encoded by tumor-specific junctions in primary NSCLC samples and lung tumor cell lines. Recurrent junction-encoded peptides were immunogenic in vitro, and CD8+ T cells specific for junction-encoded epitopes were present in tumors and tumor-draining lymph nodes from patients with NSCLC. We conclude that noncanonical splicing junctions between exons and TEs represent a source of recurrent, immunogenic tumor-specific antigens in patients with NSCLC

    Improving diaper design to address incontinence associated dermatitis

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    <p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Incontinence associated dermatitis (IAD) is an inflammatory skin disease mainly triggered by prolonged skin contact with urine, feces but also liberal detergent use when cleansing the skin. To minimize the epidermal barrier challenge we optimized the design of adult incontinence briefs. In the fluid absorption area we interposed a special type of acidic, curled-type of cellulose between the top sheet in contact with the skin and the absorption core beneath containing the polyacrylate superabsorber. The intention was to minimize disturbance of the already weak acid mantle of aged skin. We also employed air-permeable side panels to minimize skin occlusion and swelling of the stratum corneum.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>The surface pH of diapers was measured after repeated wetting with a urine substitute fluid at the level of the top sheet. Occlusive effects and hydration of the stratum corneum were measured after a 4 hour application of different side panel materials by corneometry on human volunteers. Finally, we evaluated skin symptoms in 12 patients with preexisting IAD for 21 days following the institutional switch to the optimized diaper design. Local skin care protocols remained in place unchanged.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The improved design created a surface pH of 4.6 which was stable even after repeated wetting throughout a 5 hour period. The "standard design" briefs had values of 7.1, which is alkaline compared to the acidic surface of normal skin. Side panels made from non-woven material with an air-permeability of more than 1200 l/m<sup>2</sup>/s avoided excessive hydration of the stratum corneum when compared to the commonly employed air-impermeable plastic films. Resolution of pre-existing IAD skin lesions was noted in 8 out of 12 patients after the switch to the optimized brief design.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>An improved design of adult-type briefs can create an acidic pH on the surface and breathable side panels avoid over-hydration of the stratum corneum and occlusion. This may support the epidermal barrier function and may help to reduce the occurrence of IAD.</p

    AnthropocÚne : Plan B, création de connaissances pour répondre aux enjeux sociétaux de maniÚre soutenable dans les limites planétaires

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    De nombreuses recherches et en particulier celles sur les limites planĂ©taires ont montrĂ© que nous dĂ©passons actuellement plusieurs limites globales, ce qui questionne fortement la soutenabilitĂ© de nos sociĂ©tĂ©s contemporaines Ă  forte empreinte Ă©cologique. Cette prise de conscience se gĂ©nĂ©ralise et a fait croĂźtre Ă  une vitesse importante les attentes sociĂ©tales de visions alternatives Ă  un futur basĂ© sur le seul progrĂšs technologique et/ou une croissance Ă©conomique infinie.Nous souhaitons faire face Ă  ces constats et aux attentes qu’ils gĂ©nĂšrent, sans greenwashing et sans nous en remettre Ă  une croissance verte que nous savons impossible depuis longtemps et notamment par les travaux commanditĂ©s par le Club de Rome. ImpossibilitĂ© qui a Ă©tĂ© rappelĂ©e rĂ©cemment Ă  notre mĂ©moire par une note de l’UE. Pour cela nous souhaitons engager l’UGA dans la construction, sur le long terme, d’une communautĂ© scientifique transdisciplinaire. Nous proposons de dĂ©velopper des recherches complĂ©mentaires et alternatives Ă  celles basĂ©es sur la double hypothĂšse d’un Ă©ternel progrĂšs technologique et d’une croissance Ă©conomique qui serait nĂ©cessairement vertueuse sur le plan social. Ces recherches auront pour objectif principal d’apprĂ©hender la dimension systĂ©mique et complexe des questions de dĂ©passement Ă©cologique.Pour cela nous savons que nous pouvons d’ores et dĂ©jĂ  appuyer notre dĂ©marche sur plusieurs collectifs de personnels et d’étudiants nĂ©s spontanĂ©ment dans diffĂ©rentes structures de l’UGA. Leur diversitĂ© de profils et de disciplines constitue un atout prĂ©cieux pour construire une approche transdisciplinaire. Nous pensons donc qu’il est utile et pertinent d’essayer de fĂ©dĂ©rer ces initiatives dans une dĂ©marche collective commune de production de connaissances

    A pre-registered, multi-lab non-replication of the Action-sentence Compatibility Effect (ACE)

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    The Action-sentence Compatibility Effect (ACE) is a well-known demonstration of the role of motor activity in the comprehension of language. Participants are asked to make sensibility judgments on sentences by producing movements toward the body or away from the body. The ACE is the finding that movements are faster when the direction of the movement (e.g., toward) matches the direction of the action in the to-be-judged sentence (e.g., Art gave you the pen describes action toward you). We report on a pre-registered, multi-lab replication of one version of the ACE. The results show that none of the 18 labs involved in the study observed a reliable ACE, and that the meta-analytic estimate of the size of the ACE was essentially zero.Fil: Morey, Richard. Cardiff University; Reino UnidoFil: Kaschak, Michael. Florida State University; Estados UnidosFil: DĂ­ez Álamo, Antonio. Universidad de Salamanca; España. Arizona State University; Estados UnidosFil: Glenberg, Arthur. Arizona State University; Estados Unidos. Universidad de Salamanca; EspañaFil: Zwaan, Rolf A.. Erasmus University Rotterdam; PaĂ­ses BajosFil: Lakens, DaniĂ«l. Eindhoven University of Technology; PaĂ­ses BajosFil: Ibåñez, Santiago AgustĂ­n. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂ­ficas y TĂ©cnicas; Argentina. Universidad de San AndrĂ©s; Argentina. University of San Francisco; Estados Unidos. Universidad Adolfo Ibañez; Chile. Trinity College Dublin; IrlandaFil: GarcĂ­a, Adolfo MartĂ­n. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂ­ficas y TĂ©cnicas; Argentina. Universidad de San AndrĂ©s; Argentina. University of San Francisco; Estados Unidos. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de EducaciĂłn Elemental y Especial; Argentina. Universidad de Santiago de Chile; ChileFil: Gianelli, Claudia. Universitat Potsdam; Alemania. Scuola Universitaria Superiore; ItaliaFil: Jones, John L.. Florida State University; Estados UnidosFil: Madden, Julie. University of Tennessee; Estados UnidosFil: Alifano Ferrero, Florencia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂ­ficas y TĂ©cnicas; ArgentinaFil: Bergen, Benjamin. University of California at San Diego; Estados UnidosFil: Bloxsom, Nicholas G.. Ashland University; Estados UnidosFil: Bub, Daniel N.. University of Victoria; CanadĂĄFil: Cai, Zhenguang G.. The Chinese University; Hong KongFil: Chartier, Christopher R.. Ashland University; Estados UnidosFil: Chatterjee, Anjan. University of Pennsylvania; Estados UnidosFil: Conwell, Erin. North Dakota State University; Estados UnidosFil: Wagner Cook, Susan. University of Iowa; Estados UnidosFil: Davis, Joshua D.. University of California at San Diego; Estados UnidosFil: Evers, Ellen R. K.. University of California at Berkeley; Estados UnidosFil: Girard, Sandrine. University of Carnegie Mellon; Estados UnidosFil: Harter, Derek. Texas A&m University Commerce; Estados UnidosFil: Hartung, Franziska. University of Pennsylvania; Estados UnidosFil: Herrera, Eduar. Universidad ICESI; ColombiaFil: Huettig, Falk. Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics; PaĂ­ses BajosFil: Humphries, Stacey. University of Pennsylvania; Estados UnidosFil: Juanchich, Marie. University of Essex; Reino UnidoFil: KĂŒhne, Katharina. Universitat Potsdam; AlemaniaFil: Lu, Shulan. Texas A&m University Commerce; Estados UnidosFil: Lynes, Tom. University of East Anglia; Reino UnidoFil: Masson, Michael E. J.. University of Victoria; CanadĂĄFil: Ostarek, Markus. Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics; PaĂ­ses BajosFil: Pessers, Sebastiaan. Katholikie Universiteit Leuven; BĂ©lgicaFil: Reglin, Rebecca. Universitat Potsdam; AlemaniaFil: Steegen, Sara. Katholikie Universiteit Leuven; BĂ©lgicaFil: Thiessen, Erik D.. University of Carnegie Mellon; Estados UnidosFil: Thomas, Laura E.. North Dakota State University; Estados UnidosFil: Trott, Sean. University of California at San Diego; Estados UnidosFil: Vandekerckhove, Joachim. University of California at Irvine; Estados UnidosFil: Vanpaeme, Wolf. Katholikie Universiteit Leuven; BĂ©lgicaFil: Vlachou, Maria. Katholikie Universiteit Leuven; BĂ©lgicaFil: Williams, Kristina. Texas A&m University Commerce; Estados UnidosFil: Ziv Crispel, Noam. BehavioralSight; Estados Unido
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