Determinantes da pressão arterial em diabéticos tipo 2 com alta ocorrência de controle glicêmico inadequado

Study design: Association studyObjective: To analyze the association between different biological/behavioral risk factors and bloodpressure in a sample of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with poor glycemic control. Methods: A sampleof 121 type 2 diabetic patients was selected in the Public Healthcare System in a middle size Braziliancity. Blood pressure was measured using an aneroid device, previously calibrated. Six determinants ofblood pressure were taken into count: age, hypoglycemic agents, general obesity, abdominal obesity,eating behaviors and physical activity level. Results: The type 2 diabetic patients presented mean age of60.1±8.9 years-old and, at least, one risk factor. Eating behaviors (ORadj= 0.31 [0.12-0.75]) and sportspractice (ORadj= 0.12 [0.02-0.75]) constituted protective factors associated with lower systolic blood pressure. On the other hand, age was positively associated with high systolic blood pressure (ORadj= 3.81[1.39-10.38]). Patients with 5-6 risk factors, presented higher values of systolic and (F= 3.857; p= 0.011[post hoc with p= 0.039]), diastolic blood pressure (F= 4.158; p= 0.008 [post hoc with p= 0.036]) andincreased occurrence of hypertension (p= 0.010). Conclusion: Our findings indicate that, behavioralvariables were important determinants of blood pressure in type 2 diabetic patients with poor glycemiccontrol and clustering of behavioral and biological risk factors increase the hypertension occurrence.Modelo do estudo: Estudo de associaçãoObjetivo: Analisar a associação entre diferentes fatores de risco biológicos/comportamentais e pressãoarterial in uma amostra de diabéticos do tipo 2 com pobre controle glicêmico. Métodos: Uma amostra de121 diabéticos tipo 2 foi selecionada no sistema público de uma cidade brasileira de porte médio.Pressão arterial foi aferida usando um aparelho aneroide previamente calibrado. Seis determinantes dapressão arterial foram considerados: idade, hipoglicemiantes, obesidade geral, obesidade central, hábitos alimentares e atividade física. Resultados: Os diabéticos apresentaram média de idade de 60,1±8,9anos e ao menos um fator de risco. Hábitos alimentares (ORadj= 0.31 [0.12-0.75]) e prática esportiva(ORadj= 0.12 [0.02-0.75]) constituíram fatores de proteção associados a menor pressão arterial. Poroutro lado, idade foi positivamente associada com alta pressão arterial sistólica (ORadj= 3.81 [1.39-10.38]).Pacientes com 5-6 fatores de risco apresentaram maiores valores sistólicos (F= 3,857; p= 0,011 [post hoccom p= 0,039]) e diastólicos (F= 4,158; p= 0,008 [post hoc com p= 0,036]) e maior ocorrência de hipertensão (p= 0,001). Conclusão: Nossos achados indicam que variáveis comportamentais foram importantesdeterminantes de pressão arterial em pacientes com pobre controle glicêmico e a agregação de fatorescomportamentais e biológicos aumentaram a ocorrência de hipertensão

Comercialização e uso de produtos inseticidas para controle da mosca-dos-chifres em Aquidauana, MS.

A mosca-dos-chifres é considerada um sério problema econômico à pecuária devido aos prejuízos causados à produção e gastos com controle. Este estudo objetivou conhecer o perfil da comercialização e uso dos produtos inseticidas para controle da mosca-dos-chifres no município de Aquidauana, MS. De nov/1999 a nov/2000, informações foram obtidas em estabelecimentos agropecuários na cidade de Aquidauana e em entrevistas com produtores rurais e gerentes de fazendas. Um total de 29 produtos indicados para o controle da mosca foram encontrados nos estabelecimentos, pertencentes aos grupos dos piretróides (58,6%), organofosforados (3,4%), fenil pirazoles (3,4%), lactonas macrocíclicas (3,4%) e associações entre inseticidas (31,0%). A cipermetrina foi o princípio ativo mais comum, presente em 69,0% dos produtos (incluindo associações). Informações obtidas em 212 propriedades evidenciaram uma ampla utilização de produtos piretróides, empregados rotineiramente em 89,6% das propriedades, a maioria dos quais à base de cipermetrina (69,8%) e deltametrina (48,1%). A utilização de produtos de outras classes inseticidas é mínima. O domínio dos produtos piretróides, em termos de comercialização e uso no município de Aquidauana, explica os crescentes problemas de controle da mosca-dos-chifres e o desenvolvimento de resistência a inseticidas desta classe.bitstream/item/37420/1/BP32.pd

Repeatability and harvest numbers in selecting sugarcane clones

Os objetivos deste trabalho foram estabelecer estimativas dos coeficientes de repetibilidade (r) e determinar a previsibilidade (R2) e o número de medições necessárias das características toneladas de colmos por hectare, toneladas de sacarose no caldo da cana por hectare e teor de sacarose dos colmos, pol porcento cana, em genótipos de cana-de-açúcar. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos casualizados, com três repetições em quatro experimentos e quatro repetições nos demais experimentos. As estimativas de repetibilidade foram obtidas pelos métodos estatísticos da análise de variância, componentes principais com base na matriz de correlações e análise estrutural (correlação, r – médio). As estimativas dos coeficientes de repetibilidade revelaram valores muito semelhantes. A repetibilidade média geral nas três características foi superior a 0,60, demonstrando regularidade do desempenho dos genótipos nas várias medições (cortes) e confiabilidade na discriminação genotípica superior a 87%. Verificou-se, nas três características, a necessidade do emprego de no mínimo três cortes, para que a seleção possa ser praticada com previsibilidade do valor real do genótipo acima de 80%.This work aimed at the establishment of the repeatability coefficients (r), determination of the predictability degree (R2) and the needed measurement numbers for tons of cane per hectare, percentage of pol (sucrose) in the juice of cane and tons of pol in the juice of cane per hectare in sugarcane genotypes. A randomized block experimental design, with three replicates in four experiments and four replicates in the other experiments was used. The repeatability estimates were obtained by the statistical methods: anova; main components based on correlation matrix; and structural analysis (correlation, average r). The estimates of the repeatability coefficients showed values with very similar magnitude. The general average repeatability for those three traits was above 0.60, therefore showing regularity in the genotype performance at several measurements (cuts) and reliability in the genotype discrimination that was higher than 87%. The results showed that for those three traits there is a need for the use of, at least, three cuts so that the selection can be accomplished with predictability of a real value above 80% for the genotype

The impact of culture on neuropsychological performance: A global social cognition study across 12 countries

AbstractBackgroundDecades of researches aiming to unveil truths about human neuropsychology may have instead unveil facts appropriate to only a fraction of the world's population: those living in western educated rich democratic nations (Muthukrishna et al., 2020 Psych Sci). So far, most studies were conducted as if education and cultural assumptions on which neuropsychology is based were universals and applied everywhere in the world. The importance given to sociological or cultural factors is thus still relatively ignored. With the growth of international clinical studies on dementia, we believe that documenting the potential inter‐cultural differences at stake in a common neuropsychological assessment is an essential topic. This study thus aimed to explore these potential variations in two classical tasks used in neuropsychology that are composing the mini‐SEA (Bertoux et al., 2012 JNNP), i.e. a reduced version of the well‐known Ekman faces (FER), where one has to recognize facial emotions, and a modified version of the Faux Pas test (mFP), where one has to detect and explain social faux.MethodThe data of 573 control participants were collected through the Social Cognition & FTLD Network, an international consortium investigating social cognitive changes in dementia covering 3 continents (18 research centres in 12 countries). Impact of demographic factors and the effect of countries on performance (mini‐SEA, FER, mFP) were explored through linear mixed‐effects models.ResultAge, education and gender were found to significantly impact the performance of the mini‐SEA subtests. Significant and important variations across the countries were also retrieved, with England having the highest performance for all scores. When controlling for demographical factors, differences within countries explained between 14% (mFP) and 24% (FER) of the variance at the mini‐SEA. These variations were not explained by any economical or sociological metrics.ConclusionImportant variations of performance were observed across the 12 countries of the consortium, showing how cultural differences may critically impact neuropsychological performance in international studies

Does Culture Shape Our Understanding of Others’ Thoughts and Emotions? An Investigation Across 12 Countries

Q2Q2Measures of social cognition have now become central in neuropsychology, being essential for early and differential diagnoses, follow-up, and rehabilitation in a wide range of conditions. With the scientific world becoming increasingly interconnected, international neuropsychological and medical collaborations are burgeoning to tackle the global challenges that are mental health conditions. These initiatives commonly merge data across a diversity of populations and countries, while ignoring their specificity. Objective: In this context, we aimed to estimate the influence of participants’ nationality on social cognition evaluation. This issue is of particular importance as most cognitive tasks are developed in highly specific contexts, not representative of that encountered by the world’s population. Method: Through a large international study across 18 sites, neuropsychologists assessed core aspects of social cognition in 587 participants from 12 countries using traditional and widely used tasks. Results: Age, gender, and education were found to impact measures of mentalizing and emotion recognition. After controlling for these factors, differences between countries accounted for more than 20% of the variance on both measures. Importantly, it was possible to isolate participants’ nationality from potential translation issues, which classically constitute a major limitation. Conclusions: Overall, these findings highlight the need for important methodological shifts to better represent social cognition in both fundamental research and clinical practice, especially within emerging international networks and consortia.https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9422-3579https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6529-7077Revista Internacional - IndexadaA2N