A unique ZnFe2O4/graphene nanoplatelets nanocomposite for electrochemical energy storage and efficient visible light driven catalysis for the degradation of organic noxious in wastewater

A series of ZnFe₂O₄/graphene nanoplatelets ((ZF)(GNPs)) nanocomposites have been synthesized and characterized. By optimizing the weight ratio of graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs), the synthesized nanocomposites have been identified as an excellent material for electrochemical capacitors with outstanding electrochemical capacitance (314 Fg¯¹ at 0.5 Ag¯¹), high rate performance, and long-standing cyclic stability (77.6% retention). The enhanced electrochemical performance might be adduced to the improved electrode/electrolyte charge transfer interface and conducting nature of GNPs. Besides, (ZF)(GNPs) nanocomposites exhibit outstanding visible light driven photocatalytic efficiency for the removal of methylene blue (MB) dye in water i.e., 97.46% of the MB is degraded in 70 min, which can be primarily ascribed to the enhanced photo Fenton reaction, effective electron-hole (e/h) separation and strong interfacial coupling between ZnFe₂O₄ nanoparticles (ZF NPs) and GNPs. Our results offer new insights into multifunctional nanocomposites for the electrochemical energy storage and treatment of polluted wastewater

Ion Implantation in Metal Nanowires

Ion implantation-induced materials modifications are the recent scope of research. A detailed recent experimental research on the effect of low- and high-energy ions implantation-induced morphological and structural changes in metal nanowires (MNWs) is being presented in this chapter. These morphological and structural changes in metal nanowires are discussed on the basis of collision cascade effects and ion beam-induced heats produced along the ion tracks. Various technical aspects of implantation of low energy ions in MNWs, their advantages, and drawbacks are also discussed in this chapter. Furthermore, detailed overview of implantations of ions in MNWs is also discussed

The effect of molybdenum dopant on rare earth metal chalcogenide material

This study used electrochemical deposition to make CeTe and CeTe-doped molybdenum. We deposited the films at varying concentrations of the dopant; (0.1–0.3) mol%. All the solutions used to deposit the thin films were prepared in distilled water. Adding molybdenum to cerium telluride boosts absorption rates. Film thickness decreased from 117.09 to 164.31 nm, lowering resistivity (11.24 to 08.23 ῼ.cm) and increasing conductivity (0.08 to 0.12 S/m). The pattern exhibit diffraction peaks at planes (111), (120), (121), and (131), which correspond to respective angles of 23.216°, 27.744°, 32.152°, and 36.182° The FTO substrates used for the synthesis may have been the cause of the unindexed peaks. The bandgap energy of cerium telluride is 1.20 eV, which narrows to 1.49 – 1.60 eV as molybdenum dopant concentration rises. The cerium telluride and CeTe-doped molybdenum have a lattice constant of 6.6490 and 6.6298 Å respectively. Cerium telluride doped molybdenum is a potential candidate for photovoltaic application

A unique ZnFe2O4/graphene nanoplatelets nanocomposite for electrochemical energy storage and efficient visible light driven catalysis for the degradation of organic noxious in wastewater

A series of ZnFe₂O₄/graphene nanoplatelets ((ZF)(GNPs)) nanocomposites have been synthesized and characterized. By optimizing the weight ratio of graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs), the synthesized nanocomposites have been identified as an excellent material for electrochemical capacitors with outstanding electrochemical capacitance (314 Fg¯¹ at 0.5 Ag¯¹), high rate performance, and long-standing cyclic stability (77.6% retention). The enhanced electrochemical performance might be adduced to the improved electrode/electrolyte charge transfer interface and conducting nature of GNPs. Besides, (ZF)(GNPs) nanocomposites exhibit outstanding visible light driven photocatalytic efficiency for the removal of methylene blue (MB) dye in water i.e., 97.46% of the MB is degraded in 70 min, which can be primarily ascribed to the enhanced photo Fenton reaction, effective electron-hole (e/h) separation and strong interfacial coupling between ZnFe₂O₄ nanoparticles (ZF NPs) and GNPs. Our results offer new insights into multifunctional nanocomposites for the electrochemical energy storage and treatment of polluted wastewater

In- vitro biosynthesis of concentration-induced nickel oxide nanoparticles for antibacterial applications

Biosynthesis of NiO nanoparticles (NiONPs) using Gongronema Latifolium (GL) as a potential reducing agent for antibacterial applications is emplaced in this work. X-ray diffractometer (XRD) analysis confirmed the face-centered cubic of the prepared GL_NiONPs, the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images showed the spherical image of the sample. Fourier transforms infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy shows the functional group responsible for the reduction processes and UV–visible spectroscopy shows the absorbance potency within the visible range. The antibacterial activity of the samples was carried out on staphylococci aureus and coliform (bacilli) bacteria strains. The results showed reduced cell growth of the bacteria strains and improved the antibacterial activities, especially in the staphylococci aureus strain, which had the highest zone of inhibition. Hence, the formulated sample can serve as a potential antibacterial agent

Synthesis of intrinsic, Manganese and magnesium doped cobalt ferrite nanoparticles: Physical properties for antibacterial activities

The work emplaced in this research is the synthesis of cobalt ferrite nanoparticles (CFNPs) doped with manganese and magnesium for antibacterial activities by sol-gel protocol. The physicochemical properties of CFNPs, Mg_CFNPs and Mn_CFNPs as described by the characterization techniques shows good results. Cubic spinel structures of CFNPs, Mg_CFNPs and Mn_CFNPs were observed by the X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique. The transmission electron microscope (TEM) established the spherical shape of the samples. The functional groups embedded in the sample were observed using FTIR and complimented by the Raman analysis. The formulated sample was used against four pathogenic strains S. epidermidis; B. subtilis; E. coli and K. pneumoniae. Higher susceptibility against E. coli was observed with Mg_CFNPs compared to the pristine (CFNPs) and Mn_CFNPs. Hence, the formulated Mg_CFNPs are highly significant and propitious for antibacterial activities

Green synthesis, characterization, and application of iron and molybdenum nanoparticles and their composites for enhancing the growth of Solanum lycopersicum

Nanomaterials have become integral in various aspects of agricultural practices, including the development of nano-fertilizers for optimized crop nutrition. This study explores the application of green-synthesized iron (Fe) and molybdenum (Mo) nanoparticles, as well as their composites, using a guava leaf extract (GLE). The focus is on assessing their impact on nitrogen fixation and growth in tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum). The nanoparticles were characterized through Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, Ultraviolet Diffused Reflectance Spectroscopy, Raman Spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction analysis. The experiment involved two application methods (soil and direct plant spraying) with varying nanoparticle concentrations. Results indicate that the 1% composite nanoparticles applied to the soil and 3% Mo directly on plants yield the most favorable growth and nitrogen uptake in S. lycopersicum. Notably, the 1% composite treatment demonstrated significant enhancement in shoot length, number of branches, and shoot diameter at all three growth stages. Conversely, the 3% Mo treatment when applied directly to plants exhibited optimal results showing substantial shoot length, number of branches, and shoot diameter. Post-experimental soil nutrient analysis further revealed the nuanced effects of nanoparticle applications with 1% composite treatments enhancing nutrient availability compared to control and other concentrations. This research contributes to the evolving field of agri-nanotechnology emphasizing the importance of nanoparticle concentration and application method in influencing plant development and nutrient uptake, paving the way for sustainable agricultural practices

Structural, Magnetic, and Magnetothermal Properties of Co100−xNix Nanoparticles for Self-Controlled Hyperthermia

In this study, the structural and magnetic properties of a series of functionalized Co100−xNix (x = 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 80, 85) nanoparticles (NPs) were analyzed with the objective of attaining a high specific absorption rate (SAR). The magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) obtained by ball milling at 1425 rpm lie in the range of 03–29 nm and are studied as potential candidates for magnetic fluid hyperthermia. Magnetic measurements show that all samples possess soft ferromagnetic properties with the reduction in the Curie temperature (TC) by Ni substitution in Co100−xNix alloys and by ball milling. The specific absorption rate (SAR) and specific loss power (SLP) obtained from magnetothermal measurements for powder and fluid samples lie in the range 4.4–83 W/g and 19–382 W/g, respectively, showing strong dependence on structural and magnetic properties. The SAR/SLP values as a function of the applied field at 425 kHz display a square dependence on the applied magnetic field below 165 Oe, which is expected for single domain ferromagnetic nanoparticles, but deviate from this at higher values of the applied field. We also obtained the effective anisotropy constant Keff for ball-milled nanoparticles at 1425 rpm for 200, 300, and 500 min. within the framework of linear response theory, showing strong dependence on average crystallite size. Additionally, the toxicity of the prepared nanoparticles in the form of percentage hemolysis was controlled with oleic acid