Six years of study on fast growing forest plantations catchments in the Northwest of Spain

Data on water balance in three fast growing forest plantations experimental catchments in the northwest of Spain are presented. Two watersheds are covered by Eucalyptus globulus and other is covered by Pinus pinaster. During the six years of study severa1 perturbations occurred. In 1989 two consecutives wildfires affected to one E. globulus watershed. The second fire also bumed the other eucalyptus watershed. All eucalyptus were felled since 1991 to 1992. Also 25% of the watershed area in the pine catchment was cutted in 1991. Quick changes in the hydrologycal regimen took place after these perturbations. The very fast recovering capacity after fire and cutting of Eucalyptus globulus facilitated the retum to pre-fire hydrologic parameter values within only a few years. Before perturbations occurred, nutrient balances were very conservative, and were similar among the cathments. This indicates a good performance on the part of both tree plantations. Water comsumption for pine and eucalyptus stands was very similar

Efectos de la secuencia incendio-corta a hecho-selección de brotes en la pérdida de nutrientes por escorrentía en una cuenca experimental de E. globulus en Galicia (NW de España)

An experimental study was carried out between 1987 and 1999, to assess the effect of the sequence wildfire-clearfelling-coppice sprout selection thinning, on streamflow nutrient export in a Eucalyptus globulus Labill. watershed in Galicia (NW Spain). The effects of such a sequence on nutrient export via streamflow had not been previously evaluated. A wildfire in 1989 caused a significant increase in nutrient exports in streamflow during the following two years. No significant effect was observed the third year after wildfire. After clearfelling in 1992, inputs via precipitation compensated for nutrient exports in streamflow, except for K the first year following harvest and NO3- during the three years after this operation. Coppice sprout selection thinning in 1995 had less effect on nutrient exports than wildfire or harvest. The results presented here could may help in evaluating the effects of current intensive forest management and perturbations that affect eucalypt stands in NW Spain.Se ha desarrollado un estudio entre 1987 y 1999 para evaluar el efecto de la secuencia incendio-corta a hecho-selección de brotes sobre la pérdida de nutrientes por escorrentía en una cuenca experimental de Eucalyptus globulus Labill. en Galicia (NW España). Esos efectos no habían sido evaluados hasta ahora. Un incendio en 1989 causó un aumento significativo de las pérdidas de nutrientes por escorrentía durante los dos años siguientes. Ningún efecto era apreciable al tercer año del incendio. Después de la corta a hecho del arbolado quemado en 1992, las entradas por precipitación compensaron las pérdidas por escorrentía, a excepción del K el primer año después de esta operación y del NO3- durante los tres años siguientes. La selección de brotes ejecutada en 1995 tuvo un efecto mucho menor en las pérdidas de nutrientes por escorrentía que el incendio o la corta. Los resultados que se presentan en este trabajo pueden ayudar a los gestores a evaluar los efectos del manejo intensivo y de las perturbaciones que afectan a las masas de eucalipto en el NW de España

Ausencia de efectos en los balances de nutrientes después de defoliación por insectos en una cuenca

Nutrient export via streamflow after the defoliation by Gonipterus scutellatus Gill. in a Eucalyptus globulus Labill. watershed in Galicia (NW Spain) was monitored from 1999 to 2006. The effects of such defoliation on nutrients balance had not been previously evaluated. Insect defoliation caused no significant changes in streamflow nutrient concentrations during the period of study compared with the pre-perturbation period and nutrient exports in streamflow were compensated via precipitation in all cases. The results presented here show that in spite of the reduction in E.globulus growth caused by the defoliation, nutrient balances were positive, suggesting a minor impact in the soil-plant system nutrient budget.Se ha desarrollado un estudio entre 1999 y 2006 para evaluar el efecto de la defoliación por Gonypterus scutellatus Gill. sobre la pérdida de nutrientes por escorrentía en una cuenca experimental de Eucalyptus globulus Labill. Galicia (NW España). Esos efectos no habían sido evaluados hasta ahora. La defoliación no causó variaciones significativas en las concentraciones de nutrientes durante el período de estudio en relación con el período pre-perturbación y las entradas de nutrientes por precipitación compensaron las salidas de nutrientes por escorrentía en todos los casos. Los resultados que se presentan en este trabajo muestran que a pesar de la reducción en el crecimiento de E.globulus causado por la defoliación, los balances de nutrientes fueron positivos, sugiriendo un impacto menor en el balance de nutrientes del sistema suelo-planta

DIA DE CAMPO SOBRE A CULTURA DA NOZ PECAN NO INSTITUTO FEDERAL CATARINENSE CAMPUS RIO DO SUL COM OS PRODUTORES DO ALTO VALE DO ITAJAI SC.

 Yuri Back SALVADOR1 ; Victor LACERDA1 ; Leonardo de Oliveira NEVES2 ; Claudio KESKE3

Analise da psicologia do esporte em periódicos de língua inglesa

O objetivo do estudo foi analisar a psicologia do esporte nos periódicos de língua inglesa. Foram selecionados 521 resumos (2002 a 2006), de quatro periódicos. Analisaram-se os temas, amostra e o tipo de estudo utilizado. A amostra mais pesquisada foi de atletas de esporte competitivo (57,2%), seguido por estudos com não atletas (29,3%) e atletas juvenis (12,5%). Em relação ao tipo de estudo, os de revisão tiveram 15,8%, intervenção 15,4% e desenvolvimento de instrumentos 11%, observação e descrição de um fenômeno psicológico obteve 57,9%. Os temas mais pesquisados foram: motivação (15,7%), capacidade visual e mental (11,9%), humor (11,7%) e auto-eficácia (10,6%). São necessários estudos que verifiquem diferenças e semelhanças entre os resultados deste estudo e as pesquisas brasileiras

ANÁLISE DE CRESCIMENTO DE TRÊS VARIEDADES DE NOZ PECAN PRODUZIDAS EM SISTEMA ORGÂNICO

O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar o crescimento de três variedades de nogueira pecã na Região do Alto Vale do Itajaí, em sistema orgânico. O pomar foi implantado no Instituto Federal Catarinense, Campus Rio do Sul, em 2011. Foram utilizadas três variedades: Imperial, Barton e Melhorada, com quatro repetições cada. Foram avaliadas: diâmetro da base, diâmetro do ramo principal e tamanho da planta no ano de 2016, 2017 e 2018. Os resultados foram submetidos ao teste de Tukey. A cultivar Imperial tem se destacado em sua adaptação na região, porém são necessários maisestudos do comportamento das cultivares avaliada.&nbsp

Importância da psicologia do esporte para treinadores

O objetivo do estudo foi verificar a importância da psicologia do esporte para treinadores. A pesquisa foi realizada com 59 treinadores (idade 34,98 ± 10,26 e tempo de prática 9,67 ± 8,91) de modalidades coletivas e individuais que responderam a um questionário especifico sobre a psicologia do esporte na prática esportiva. Os treinadores consideram todos os aspectos do treinamento importante, porém poucos conhecem o aspecto psicológico. A grande maioria considera importante a presença do psicólogo na equipe, mas deve atuar auxiliando o técnico, porém poucos concordam que ele possui conhecimento sobre o esporte. Futuros estudos são necessários para apontar quais são os temas da psicologia do esporte que os treinadores necessitam em sua pratica

Homochiral Metal-Organic Frameworks for Enantioselective Separations in Liquid Chromatography

Selective separation of enantiomers is a substantial challenge for the pharmaceutical industry. Chromatography on chiral stationary phases is the standard method, but at a very high cost for industrial-scale purification owing to the high cost of the chiral stationary phases. Typically, these materials are poorly robust, expensive to manufacture and often too specific for a single desired substrate, lacking desirable versatility across different chiral analytes. Here we disclose a porous, robust homochiral metal-organic framework (MOF), TAMOF-1, built from copper(II) and an affordable linker prepared from natural L-histidine. TAMOF-1 has shown to be able to separate a variety of model racemic mixtures, including drugs, in a wide range of solvents of different polarity, outperforming several commercial chiral columns for HPLC separations. Although not exploited in the present article, it is worthy to mention that the preparation of this new material is scalable to the multikilogram scale, opening unprecedented possibilities for low-energy chiral separation at the industrial scale

Commentary: Multiple Angle Observations Would Benefit Visible Band Remote Sensing using Night Lights

The spatial and angular emission patterns of artificial and natural light emitted, scattered, and reflected from the Earth at night are far more complex than those for scattered and reflected solar radiation during daytime. In this commentary, we use examples to show that there is additional information contained in the angular distribution of emitted light. We argue that this information could be used to improve existing remote sensing retrievals based on night lights, and in some cases could make entirely new remote sensing analyses possible. This work will be challenging, so we hope this article will encourage researchers and funding agencies to pursue further study of how multi-angle views can be analyzed or acquired

Single-dose administration and the influence of the timing of the booster dose on immunogenicity and efficacy of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AZD1222) vaccine: a pooled analysis of four randomised trials.

BACKGROUND: The ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AZD1222) vaccine has been approved for emergency use by the UK regulatory authority, Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency, with a regimen of two standard doses given with an interval of 4-12 weeks. The planned roll-out in the UK will involve vaccinating people in high-risk categories with their first dose immediately, and delivering the second dose 12 weeks later. Here, we provide both a further prespecified pooled analysis of trials of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 and exploratory analyses of the impact on immunogenicity and efficacy of extending the interval between priming and booster doses. In addition, we show the immunogenicity and protection afforded by the first dose, before a booster dose has been offered. METHODS: We present data from three single-blind randomised controlled trials-one phase 1/2 study in the UK (COV001), one phase 2/3 study in the UK (COV002), and a phase 3 study in Brazil (COV003)-and one double-blind phase 1/2 study in South Africa (COV005). As previously described, individuals 18 years and older were randomly assigned 1:1 to receive two standard doses of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (5 × 1010 viral particles) or a control vaccine or saline placebo. In the UK trial, a subset of participants received a lower dose (2·2 × 1010 viral particles) of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 for the first dose. The primary outcome was virologically confirmed symptomatic COVID-19 disease, defined as a nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT)-positive swab combined with at least one qualifying symptom (fever ≥37·8°C, cough, shortness of breath, or anosmia or ageusia) more than 14 days after the second dose. Secondary efficacy analyses included cases occuring at least 22 days after the first dose. Antibody responses measured by immunoassay and by pseudovirus neutralisation were exploratory outcomes. All cases of COVID-19 with a NAAT-positive swab were adjudicated for inclusion in the analysis by a masked independent endpoint review committee. The primary analysis included all participants who were SARS-CoV-2 N protein seronegative at baseline, had had at least 14 days of follow-up after the second dose, and had no evidence of previous SARS-CoV-2 infection from NAAT swabs. Safety was assessed in all participants who received at least one dose. The four trials are registered at ISRCTN89951424 (COV003) and ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04324606 (COV001), NCT04400838 (COV002), and NCT04444674 (COV005). FINDINGS: Between April 23 and Dec 6, 2020, 24 422 participants were recruited and vaccinated across the four studies, of whom 17 178 were included in the primary analysis (8597 receiving ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 and 8581 receiving control vaccine). The data cutoff for these analyses was Dec 7, 2020. 332 NAAT-positive infections met the primary endpoint of symptomatic infection more than 14 days after the second dose. Overall vaccine efficacy more than 14 days after the second dose was 66·7% (95% CI 57·4-74·0), with 84 (1·0%) cases in the 8597 participants in the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 group and 248 (2·9%) in the 8581 participants in the control group. There were no hospital admissions for COVID-19 in the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 group after the initial 21-day exclusion period, and 15 in the control group. 108 (0·9%) of 12 282 participants in the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 group and 127 (1·1%) of 11 962 participants in the control group had serious adverse events. There were seven deaths considered unrelated to vaccination (two in the ChAdOx1 nCov-19 group and five in the control group), including one COVID-19-related death in one participant in the control group. Exploratory analyses showed that vaccine efficacy after a single standard dose of vaccine from day 22 to day 90 after vaccination was 76·0% (59·3-85·9). Our modelling analysis indicated that protection did not wane during this initial 3-month period. Similarly, antibody levels were maintained during this period with minimal waning by day 90 (geometric mean ratio [GMR] 0·66 [95% CI 0·59-0·74]). In the participants who received two standard doses, after the second dose, efficacy was higher in those with a longer prime-boost interval (vaccine efficacy 81·3% [95% CI 60·3-91·2] at ≥12 weeks) than in those with a short interval (vaccine efficacy 55·1% [33·0-69·9] at <6 weeks). These observations are supported by immunogenicity data that showed binding antibody responses more than two-fold higher after an interval of 12 or more weeks compared with an interval of less than 6 weeks in those who were aged 18-55 years (GMR 2·32 [2·01-2·68]). INTERPRETATION: The results of this primary analysis of two doses of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 were consistent with those seen in the interim analysis of the trials and confirm that the vaccine is efficacious, with results varying by dose interval in exploratory analyses. A 3-month dose interval might have advantages over a programme with a short dose interval for roll-out of a pandemic vaccine to protect the largest number of individuals in the population as early as possible when supplies are scarce, while also improving protection after receiving a second dose. FUNDING: UK Research and Innovation, National Institutes of Health Research (NIHR), The Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations, the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, the Lemann Foundation, Rede D'Or, the Brava and Telles Foundation, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Thames Valley and South Midland's NIHR Clinical Research Network, and AstraZeneca