Comparison of ozone profiles from DIAL, MLS, and chemical transport model simulations over Río Gallegos, Argentina, during the spring Antarctic vortex breakup, 2009

This study evaluates the agreement between ozone profiles derived from the ground-based differential absorption lidar (DIAL), satellite-borne Aura Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS), and 3-D chemical transport model (CTM) simulations such as the Model for Interdisciplinary Research on Climate (MIROC-CTM) over the Atmospheric Observatory of Southern Patagonia (Observatorio Atmosférico de la Patagonia Austral, OAPA; 51.6°S, 69.3°W) in Río Gallegos, Argentina, from September to November 2009. In this austral spring, measurements were performed in the vicinity of the polar vortex and inside it on some occasions; they revealed the variability in the potential vorticity (PV) of measured air masses. Comparisons between DIAL and MLS were performed between 6 and 100hPa with 500km and 24h coincidence criteria. The results show a good agreement between DIAL and MLS with mean differences of ±0.1ppmv (MLS-´DIAL, n,=-) between 6 and 56hPa. MIROC-CTM also agrees with DIAL, with mean differences of ±0.3ppmv (MIROC-CTM-´DIAL, n,=-23) between 10 and 56hPa. Both comparisons provide mean differences of 0.5ppmv (MLS) to 0.8-0.9ppmv (MIROC-CTM) at the 83-100hPa levels. DIAL tends to underestimate ozone values at this lower altitude region. Between 6 and 8hPa, the MIROC-CTM ozone value is 0.4-0.6ppmv (5-8%) smaller than those from DIAL. Applying the scaled PV (sPV) criterion for matching pairs in the DIAL-MLS comparison, the variability in the difference decreases 21-47% between 10 and 56hPa. However, the mean differences are small for all pressure levels, except 6hPa. Because ground measurement sites in the Southern Hemisphere (SH) are very sparse at mid-to high latitudes, i.e., 35-60°S, the OAPA site is important for evaluating the bias and long-Term stability of satellite instruments. The good performance of this DIAL system will be useful for such purposes in the future.Fil: Sugita, Takafumi. National Institute for Environmental Studies; JapónFil: Akiyoshi, Hideharu. National Institute for Environmental Studies; JapónFil: Wolfram, Elian Augusto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo Estratégico para la Defensa. Ministerio de Defensa. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo Estratégico para la Defensa; Argentina. Ministerio de Defensa; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas para la Defensa. Centro de Investigación en Láseres y Aplicaciones; Argentina. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Regional Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Salvador, Jacobo Omar. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo Estratégico para la Defensa. Ministerio de Defensa. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo Estratégico para la Defensa; Argentina. Ministerio de Defensa; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas para la Defensa. Centro de Investigación en Láseres y Aplicaciones; Argentina. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Regional Buenos Aires; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral; ArgentinaFil: Ohyama, Hirofumi. National Institute for Environmental Studies; Japón. Nagoya University; JapónFil: Mizuno, Akira. Nagoya University; Japó

Attenuation by clouds of UV radiation for low stratospheric ozone conditions

Stratospheric poor ozone air masses related to the polar ozone hole overpass subpolar regions in the Southern Hemisphere during spring and summer seasons, resulting in increases of surface Ultraviolet Index (UVI). The impact of these abnormal increases in the ultraviolet radiation could be overestimated if clouds are not taking into account. The aim of this work is to determine the percentage of cases in which cloudiness attenuates the high UV radiation that would reach the surface in low total ozone column situations and in clear sky hypothetical condition for Río Gallegos, Argentina. For this purpose, we analysed UVI data obtained from a multiband filter radiometer GUV-541 (Biospherical Inc.) installed in the Observatorio Atmosférico de la Patagonia Austral (OAPA-UNIDEF (MINDEF - CONICET)) (51 °33´ S, 69 °19´ W), Río Gallegos, since 2005. The database used covers the period 2005-2012 for spring seasons. Measured UVI values are compared with UVI calculated using a parametric UV model proposed by Madronich (2007), which is an approximation for the UVI for clear sky, unpolluted atmosphere and low surface albedo condition, using the total ozone column amount, obtained from the OMI database for our case, and the solar zenith angle. It is observed that ∼76% of the total low ozone amount cases, which would result in high and very high UVI categories for a hypothetical (modeled) clear sky condition, are attenuated by clouds, while 91% of hypothetical extremely high UVI category are also attenuated.Fil: Orte, Facundo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo Estratégico para la Defensa. Ministerio de Defensa. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo Estratégico para la Defensa; ArgentinaFil: Wolfram, Elian Augusto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo Estratégico para la Defensa. Ministerio de Defensa. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo Estratégico para la Defensa; ArgentinaFil: Salvador, Jacobo Omar. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo Estratégico para la Defensa. Ministerio de Defensa. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo Estratégico para la Defensa; ArgentinaFil: D'elia, Raul Luis. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo Estratégico para la Defensa. Ministerio de Defensa. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo Estratégico para la Defensa; ArgentinaFil: Quiroga, Jonathan Javier. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo Estratégico para la Defensa. Ministerio de Defensa. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo Estratégico para la Defensa; ArgentinaFil: Quel, Eduardo Jaime. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo Estratégico para la Defensa. Ministerio de Defensa. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo Estratégico para la Defensa; ArgentinaFil: Mizuno, Akira. Nagoya University; Japó

Multiple symptoms of total ozone recovery inside the Antarctic vortex during austral spring

The long-term evolution of total ozone column inside the Antarctic polar vortex is investigated over the 1980-2016 period. Trend analyses are performed using a multilinear regression (MLR) model based on various proxies (heat flux, QBO, solar flux, AAO and aerosols). Annual total ozone column corresponding to the mean monthly values inside the vortex in September and during the period of maximum ozone depletion from September 15th to October 15th are used. Total ozone columns from combined TOMS-N7, SBUV-N9, TOMS-EP and OMI-TOMS satellite datasets and the Multi-Sensor Reanalysis (MRS-2) dataset are considered in the study. Ozone trends are computed by a piecewise trend model (PWT) before and after the turnaround in 2001. In order to evaluate total ozone within the vortex, two classification methods are used, based on the potential vorticity gradient as a function of equivalent latitude. The first standard one, considers this gradient at a single isentropic level (475K or 550K), while the second one uses a range of isentropic levels between 400K and 600K. The regression model includes a new proxy that represents the stability of the vortex during the studied month period. The determination coefficient (R2) between observations and modeled values increases by ~0.05 when this proxy is included in the MLR model. The higher R2 (0.93-0.95) and the minimum residuals are found for the second classification method in the case of both datasets and months periods. Trends in September are statistically significant at 2 sigma level with values ranging between 1.85 and 2.67 DU yr-1 depending on the methods and data sets. This result confirms the recent studies of Antarctic ozone healing during that month. Trends after 2001 are 2 to 3 times lower than before the turnaround year as expected from the response to the slowly ODS decrease in Polar regions.Estimated trends in the 15Sept-15Oct period are smaller than in September. They vary from 1.15 to 1.78 DU yr-1 and are hardly significant at 2 level. Ozone recovery is also confirmed by a steady decrease of the relative area of total ozone values lower than 150 DU within the vortex in the 15Sept-15Oct period since 2010. Comparison of the evolution of the ozone hole area in September and October show a decrease in September, confirming the later formation of the ozone hole during that month.Fil: Pazmino, Andrea. Universidad Paris Saclay; FranciaFil: Godin Beekmann, Sophie. Universidad Paris Saclay; FranciaFil: Hauchecorne, Alain. Universidad Paris Saclay; FranciaFil: Claud, Chantal. Ecole Polytechnique; FranciaFil: Khaykin, Sergey. Universidad Paris Saclay; FranciaFil: Goutail, Florence. Universidad Paris Saclay; FranciaFil: Wolfram, Elian Augusto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas para la Defensa. Centro de Investigación en Láseres y Aplicaciones; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo Estratégico para la Defensa. Ministerio de Defensa. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo Estratégico para la Defensa; Argentina. Ministerio de Defensa; ArgentinaFil: Salvador, Jacobo Omar. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas para la Defensa. Centro de Investigación en Láseres y Aplicaciones; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo Estratégico para la Defensa. Ministerio de Defensa. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo Estratégico para la Defensa; Argentina. Ministerio de Defensa; Argentina. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Regional Buenos Aires; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral; ArgentinaFil: Quel, Eduardo Jaime. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas para la Defensa. Centro de Investigación en Láseres y Aplicaciones; Argentina. Ministerio de Defensa; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo Estratégico para la Defensa. Ministerio de Defensa. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo Estratégico para la Defensa; Argentin

Iacobi Saluatoris Murgensis ... Poetica ..

Copia digital. Madrid : Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte. Subdirección General de Coordinación Bibliotecaria, 2013ColofónMarca tip. en v. de última h.Sign.: A-M

Effects of 12 weeks of whole body vibration vs. multi-component training in postmenopausal women

The aims of this study were to analyze the effects of two different training protocols (vibratory platform and multi-component training) and to determine what kind of training creates greater adaptations on bone density, and isokinetic strength of the knee extensors and the stabilizer muscles of the ankle joint in postmenopausal women. Thirty-eight women (59.8 ± 6.2 years) were randomly assigned to whole body vibration group (WBVG), multi-component training group (MTG), or a control group (CG). The experimental groups performed an incremental training for 12 weeks, 3 sessions/week. Significant differences were found in total fat mass and total lean mass in the training groups. In addition, both WBVG and MTG showed significant increases in isokinetic strength for knee extensors at 60º·s-1 and at 270º·s-1 . With respect to ankle joint, a significant increase for eversion at 60º·s-1 and inversion at 60º·s-1 was found in both the training groups, and eversion at 120º·s-1 only in WBVG (p = 0.012). There were no significant differences between WBVG and MTG in knee and ankle strength tests. Therefore, we have found significant adaptations to whole body vibration and multi-component training in the present study. However, the improvements were similar for both groups and we cannot claim that WBVG is better than MTG, or viceversaActividad Física y Deport

Non-polymeric Microspheres for the Therapeutic Use of Estrogens: An Innovative Technology

Non-polymeric microspheres are stable-shaped particles constituted by crystalline organic compounds. This technology allows controlled release of parental products that has its prime value on estrogen therapy. The structure is a non-polymeric crystalline microsphere that uses a low solubility fatty acid, cholesterol as a carrier. Cholesterol is a waxy lipid, a substance that is insoluble in water and has been recognized as safe as excipient by FDA for the manufacturing of drugs. Cholesterol is a lipid present in the cell membrane and subcellular organelles of tissues and serves as the building block for all steroid hormones including cortisol, aldosterone, estrogen, and testosterone; therefore, this fatty acid provides better biocompatibility than polymers. The use of cholesterol as a low solubility carrier was used to develop a first of its kind, parental HT product for the management of menopausal symptoms carrying estrogen microspheres in an aqueous suspension, which would allow an extended estrogen release maintaining plasmatic therapeutic concentrations. Estradiol doses would be up to 30 times lower than that provided by oral and transdermal routes fulfilling current recommendations regarding the use of a low dose and the nonoral route. Both intramuscular monthly administered formulations of E/P non-polymeric microspheres had favorable pharmacokinetic and safety profiles, suggesting this route as an interesting, novel, and suitable way of treating menopause-related symptoms

Effect of a Whole-Body Vibration Training Modifying the Training Frequency of Workouts per Week in Active Adults

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of whole-body vibration by varying the training frequency (2 or 3 sessions per week) on the development of strength, body composition, and mechanical power. Forty-one (32 men and 9 women) recreationally active subjects (21.4 ± 3.0 years old; 172.6 ± 10.9 cm; 70.9 ± 12.3 kg) took part in the study divided in 2 experimental groups (G2 = 2 sessions per week, G3 = 3 sessions per week) and a control group (CG). The frequency of vibration (50 Hz), amplitude (4 mm), time of work (60 seconds), and time of rest (60 seconds) were constant for G2 and G3 groups. Maximum isokinetic strength, body composition, and performance in vertical jumps were evaluated at the beginning and the end of the training cycle. A statistically significant increase of isokinetic strength was observed in G2 and G3 at angular velocities of 60, 180, and 270°·s-1. Total fat-free mass was statistically significantly increased in G2 (0.9 ± 1.0 kg) and G3 (1.5 ± 0.7 kg). In addition, statistically significant differences between G3 and CG (1.04 ± 1.7%) (p = 0.05) were found. There were no statistically significant changes in the total fat mass, fat percentage, bone mineral content, and bone mineral density in any of the groups. Both vibration training schedules produced statistically significant improvements in isokinetic strength. The vibration magnitude of the study presented an adaptation stimulus for muscle hypertrophy. The vibration training used in this study may be valid for athletes to develop both strength and hypertrophy of the lower limbs.Actividad Física y Deport

Estudio del comportamiento de la capa de ozono y la radiación UV en la Patagonia Austral y su proyección hacia la comunidad

La implementación de este trabajo fue llevada a cabo en el Observatorio Atmosférico de la Patagonia Austral (OAPA), ubicado en la ciudad de Río Gallegos (Lat. 51,5° S; Lon. 69,3° O). Las actividades del mismo comenzaron en julio de 2005, y desde entonces se han realizado mediciones sistemáticas con instrumentos de sensado activo (LIDAR) y pasivo (radiómetro) en el período 2005 ? 2010, las cuales forman parte de este trabajo. Se presentan además una serie de metodologías en el procesamiento de señales provenientes de un sistema lidar que permite determinar según su configuración perfiles de ozono, aerosoles y temperatura en la estratosfera. Estas mediciones así como las de radiación UV juegan un rol fundamental en el conocimiento de nuestra atmósfera. Las correcciones en los perfiles debido a perfiles de aerosoles estratosféricos son aplicadas al canal elástico en 355 nm, siendo posible calcular perfiles de temperatura por debajo de 30 km y realizar así correcciones en los perfiles de ozono. Adicionalmente diferentes tipos de análisis y procesamientos de señales fueron llevados a cabo sobre un radiómetro solar, multicanal de banda angosta GUV ? 541. Se calculan los valores de columna total de ozono, espesor óptico de nubes e índice UV diario.This work was carried out at the Atmospheric Observatory of Southern Patagonia (OAPA) located in the city of Río Gallegos (Lat. 51.5° S; Lon. 69.3° W) since 2005, systematic measurements have been performed with active sensing (lidar) and passive (radiometer) instruments in the 2005 – 2010 period. Measurements of ozone, temperature profiles and solar UV radiation on surface plays a fundamental role in understanding our atmosphere. We present several methodologies, based on signals processing from a lidar system which in different configuration permits to retrieve ozone and stratospheric temperature profiles. Stratospheric aerosol profiles corrections are applied to the elastic channel at 355 nm to calculate temperature profiles below 30 km. Also these aerosol profiles are used in the corrections of the ozone profiles. Additionally different types of analysis and signal processing were performed on data measured with a solar radiometer, moderated narrow-band multi-channel GUV - 541. This data processing has permitted to calculate total ozone column and UV index daily.Fil: Salvador, Jacobo Omar. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas para la Defensa. Centro de Investigación en Láseres y Aplicaciones; ArgentinaFil: Wolfram, Elian Augusto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas para la Defensa. Centro de Investigación en Láseres y Aplicaciones; ArgentinaFil: Quel, Eduardo Jaime. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas para la Defensa. Centro de Investigación en Láseres y Aplicaciones; Argentina. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional; Argentin

Dual-Band Infrared Scheimpflug Lidar Reveals Insect Activity in a Tropical Cloud Forest

We describe an entomological dual-band 808 and 980 nm lidar system which has been implemented in a tropical cloud forest (Ecuador). The system was successfully tested at a sample rate of 5 kHz in a cloud forest during challenging foggy conditions (extinction coefficients up to 20 km–1). At times, the backscattered signal could be retrieved from a distance of 2.929 km. We present insect and bat observations up to 200 m during a single night with an emphasis on fog aspects, potentials, and benefits of such dual-band systems. We demonstrate that the modulation contrast between insects and fog is high in the frequency domain compared to intensity in the time domain, thus allowing for better identification and quantification in misty forests. Oscillatory lidar extinction effects are shown in this work for the first time, caused by the combination of dense fog and large moths partially obstructing the beam. We demonstrate here an interesting case of a moth where left- and right-wing movements induced oscillations in both intensity and pixel spread. In addition, we were able to identify the dorsal and ventral sides of the wings by estimating the corresponding melanization with the dual-band lidar. We demonstrate that the wing beat trajectories in the dual-band parameter space are complementary rather than covarying or redundant, thus a dual-band entomological lidar approach to biodiversity studies is feasible in situ and endows species specificity differentiation. Future improvements are discussed. The introduction of these methodologies opens the door to a wealth of possible experiments to monitor, understand, and safeguard the biological resources of one of the most biodiverse countries on Earth

Performance improvements of an atmospheric radiative transfer model on GPU-based platform using CUDA

Classical applications of Atmospheric Radiative Transfer Model (ARTM) for modelization of absorption coefficient line-by-line on the atmosphere consume large computational time since seconds up to a few minutes depending on the atmospheric characterization chosen. ARTM is used together with Ground- Based or Satellite measurements to retrieve atmospheric parameters such as ozone, water vapour and temperature profiles. Nowadays in the Atmospheric Observatory of Southern Patagonia (OAPA) at the Patagonian City of Río Gallegos have been deployed a Spectral Millimeter Wave Radiometer belonging Nagoya Univ. (Japan) with the aim of retrieve stratospheric ozone profiles between 20-80 Km. Around 2 GBytes of data are recorder by the instrument per day and the ozone profiles are retrieving using one hour integration spectral data, resulting at 24 profiles per day. Actually the data reduction is performed by Laser and Application Research Center (CEILAP) group using the Matlab package ARTS/QPACK2. Using the classical data reduction procedure, the computational time estimated per profile is between 4-5 minutes determined mainly by the computational time of the ARTM and matrix operations. We propose in this work first add a novel scheme to accelerate the processing speed of the ARTM using the powerful multi-threading setup of GPGPU based at Compute Unified Device Architecture (CUDA) and compare it with the existing schemes. Performance of the ARTM has been calculated using various settings applied on a NVIDIA graphic Card GeForce GTX 560 Compute Capability 2.1. Comparison of the execution time between sequential mode, Open-MP and CUDA has been tested in this paper.XV Workshop de Procesamiento Distribuido y Paralelo (WPDP)Red de Universidades con Carreras en Informática (RedUNCI