BACK TO THE PREHISTORY OF ON-SCREEN COMPUTER MISE-EN-SCENE / К ПРЕДЫСТОРИИ ВНУТРИЭКРАННОЙ МИЗАНСЦЕНЫ КОМПЬЮТЕРА НА «РАБОЧЕМ СТОЛЕ» И ЗА ЕГО ПРЕДЕЛАМИ

The article discusses the on-screen reality of the computer, where the visual arrangement of signs on the screen folds into inner computer mise-en-scene. The right to rule in the relations with the computer smooths and compensates for man-Hector the state of social powerlessness, economic pressure and emotional loneliness. Lost magical universe returns to the man of our age in the form of virtual space transition on the «desktop» and on the other side of the «desktop». В статье рассматривается экранная реальность компьютера, где композиция визуальных знаков на компьютерном экране складывается во внутрикомпьютерную мизансцену; автор анализирует ее, ее культурную предысторию и константные смыслы, не исчезающие при многообразных трансформациях этой мизансцены. Макрокосм виртуальной транзитности сделался проницаем для человека-зрителя, человека-эктора, человека-манипулятора. И этот макрокосм ждет всякий раз, когда и какой режим взаимодействия выберет пользователь, когда он даст старт и активирует динамику компьютерной магической вселенной. Право до известной степени повелевать в отношениях с компьютером должно несколько сгладить и компенсировать состояния социального бессилия, экономической стесненности и душевного одиночества, которые преследуют современных людей. Утраченная магическая вселенная возвращается к человеку нашей эпохи в виде виртуального пространства переходности на «рабочем столе» и по ту сторону «рабочего стола»

ABOUT MOVIE: MODERN CINEMA AS TERRITORY ISSUES / ОКОЛО КИНО: СОВРЕМЕННЫЙ КИНОТЕАТР КАК ТЕРРИТОРИЯ ВОПРОСОВ

Article analyzes the most typical of the interiors of cinemas in Moscow as an aesthetic phenomenon, as a dialogue of space with potential visitors. If in the cinema of cult movie— the event is the movie itself, then, in the standalone cinema, multiplex cinema and the elitist theater of mid 2010s,—the main event is the presence of the potential audience in the interior. In general, modern cinema is the territory of dynamic relations of civilization and art, culture, visual and cultural spectacle-tactile. Статья – анализ наиболее типичных интерьеров кинотеатров Москвы как эстетического явления, как диалога пространства с потенциальными посетителями. Если в кинотеатре культа кино событие – само кино, то в автономном кинотеатре, многозальном кинотеатре и элитарном кинотеатре середины 2010-х годов основное событие – пребывание потенциального зрителя в интерьере. В целом же современный кинотеатр – территория динамичных соотношений цивилизации и искусства, культуры визуальной и культуры зрелищно-тактильной

Copper and zinc levels in soil, water, wheat, and hair of inhabitants of three areas of the Orenburg region, Russia

The objective of the present study was to assess the level of zinc and copper in soil, water, wheat and hair of inhabitants of the western, central, and eastern areas of the Orenburg region. A total of 525 water, soil, and wheat samples, as well as 420 hair samples were assessed using atomic absorption spectrometry (water, soil, wheat) and inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry (hair). The highest levels of Zn and Cu in water (4.9(4.2–5.1) and 1.0(0.9–1.1) mg/l), soil (23.8(20.7–27.0) and 2.6(1.9–3.1) mg/kg), and wheat (24.7(20.5–31.0) and 4.8(4.2–5.5) mg/kg) were observed in the eastern area (p < 0.001). Hair zinc levels in inhabitants of the western (184(165–198) µg/g) and eastern (224(211–253) µg/g) areas of the region exceeded the respective values from the central area by 32% and 61% (p < 0.001). In turn, hair Cu levels in the central (16.4(14.3–17.8) µg/g) and eastern (17.9(16.4–19.0) µg/g) areas exceeded the values from the western area by 10% and 20%, respectively. Correlation analysis demonstrated that hair Zn levels were positively correlated with water and soil content, whereas wheat Zn levels were associated with soil and water content. For copper significant direct correlation was observed only between soil and water Cu content. In multiple regression models, only water zinc level was significantly associated with hair Zn content, although the general model accounted for 55% of variability of hair Zn content. Higher zinc and copper exposure in the eastern area is presumably associated with higher activity of metal-processing industry. © 2018 Elsevier Inc

Comparative Analysis of Linguistic, Cultural, and Functional Peculiarities of Aphorisms in D. Trump and V. Putin’s Political Discourse

The paper focuses on considering from theoretical standpoint linguistic, cultural, and pragmatic aspects of aphorisms functioning in modern political discourse. Scientific data and materials have been obtained as a result of applying the following methods of investigation: continuous sampling method; lexical and semantic analysis method; classification method; quantitative research and deductive reasoning. The paper gives original definitions of the concepts used: political discourse, aphorism, conversational aphorism. In the given article we make an attempt at defining the linguistic status of aphorism and its role in structuring political discourse.El artículo se centra en considerar desde el punto de vista teórico los aspectos lingüísticos, culturales y pragmáticos de los aforismos que funcionan en el discurso político moderno. Se han obtenido datos y materiales científicos como resultado de la aplicación de los siguientes métodos de investigación: método de muestreo continuo; método de análisis léxico y semántico; método de clasificación; Investigación cuantitativa y razonamiento deductivo. El documento ofrece definiciones originales de los conceptos utilizados: discurso político, aforismo, aforismo conversacional. En el artículo dado, intentamos definir el estado lingüístico del aforismo y su papel en la estructuración del discurso político

Copper and zinc levels in soil, water, wheat, and hair of inhabitants of three areas of the Orenburg region, Russia

The objective of the present study was to assess the level of zinc and copper in soil, water, wheat and hair of inhabitants of the western, central, and eastern areas of the Orenburg region. A total of 525 water, soil, and wheat samples, as well as 420 hair samples were assessed using atomic absorption spectrometry (water, soil, wheat) and inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry (hair). The highest levels of Zn and Cu in water (4.9(4.2–5.1) and 1.0(0.9–1.1) mg/l), soil (23.8(20.7–27.0) and 2.6(1.9–3.1) mg/kg), and wheat (24.7(20.5–31.0) and 4.8(4.2–5.5) mg/kg) were observed in the eastern area (p < 0.001). Hair zinc levels in inhabitants of the western (184(165–198) µg/g) and eastern (224(211–253) µg/g) areas of the region exceeded the respective values from the central area by 32% and 61% (p < 0.001). In turn, hair Cu levels in the central (16.4(14.3–17.8) µg/g) and eastern (17.9(16.4–19.0) µg/g) areas exceeded the values from the western area by 10% and 20%, respectively. Correlation analysis demonstrated that hair Zn levels were positively correlated with water and soil content, whereas wheat Zn levels were associated with soil and water content. For copper significant direct correlation was observed only between soil and water Cu content. In multiple regression models, only water zinc level was significantly associated with hair Zn content, although the general model accounted for 55% of variability of hair Zn content. Higher zinc and copper exposure in the eastern area is presumably associated with higher activity of metal-processing industry. © 2018 Elsevier Inc

Zinc, copper, cadmium, and lead levels in cattle tissues in relation to different metal levels in ground water and soil

The objective of the present study was to investigate the interaction between environmental (water and soil) levels of zinc, copper, cadmium, and lead levels, as well as their content in Hereford beef cattle tissues in five districts (D1—western area, D2 and D3—central area, D4 and D5—eastern area) of the Orenburg region. Soil metal levels were assessed using atomic emission spectrometry, whereas water and tissue (liver, kidney, muscle, heart) metal content was studied using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. The obtained data demonstrate that the highest levels Zn in soil and water (p &lt; 0.001), as well as cattle muscle, liver, and kidney (p &lt; 0.05) were observed in D4 and D5 (eastern area), exceeding the maximum permissible concentration levels (MPCL) for drinking water and muscle for all regions. Similar associations were found for Cu levels. The highest soil and water Cd and Pb content were observed in D2 (central area) and D5 (eastern area), respectively. At the same time, cattle tissue Cd and Pb content did not correspond to the respective environmental levels. Correlation analysis demonstrated that water and soil Zn and Cu content directly correlated with muscle, liver, and kidney, but not heart metal content. At the same time, water Cd levels were negatively interrelated with muscle cadmium content but correlated directly with hepatic metal content. Both water and soil Pb levels positively correlated with renal metal levels in cattle. In turn, soil lead content was inversely associated with muscle metal levels. Regression analysis also demonstrated a significant association between environmental and tissue levels of Zn and Cu. The models adjusted for all studied elements demonstrated a significant effect of metal interaction on tissue metal levels. Hypothetically, excessive environmental Zn, and possibly Cu, levels may affect the uptake of heavy metals including Cd and Pb from the environment. © 2018, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature

Geographic variation of environmental, food, and human hair selenium content in an industrial region of Russia

The objective of the present study was investigation of the selenium (Se) levels in environmental samples, main consumed food products, as well as human hair in the areas of the Orenburg region. Se levels in the environmental objects (water, soil, wheat), frequently consumed food products (wheat bread, ryebread, beef, pork, chicken, milk, cottage cheese), as well as human hair samples in the western (n = 210), central (n = 195), and eastern (n = 120) areas were assessed using inductively-coupled plasma mass-spectrometry and atomic absorption spectrometry (soil). The obtained data demonstrate that water (87% and 89%), soil (41% and 48%), and wheat (11% and 11%) Se levels Central and Eastern areas were significantly higher than those in the Western area. The level of Se in foods was found to be the highest in the Eastern (wheat bread and beef), Central and Eastern (ryebread and pork), or Central (milk and cottage cheese) areas of the Orenburg region. Hair Se content (0.298 (0.233–0.591) μg/g) as well as dietary Se intake (84.3 (73.7–95.8) μg/day) did not differ significantly between the studied areas. At the same time, regression analysis demonstrated that Se intake with wheat bread (β = 0.634; p = 0.042) was the strongest predictor of hair Se. The revealed associations between environmental and food Se content and Se status of the population underline the necessity of continuous monitoring of Se intake and exposure in order to prevent potential health effects associated with both deficiency and overload. © 2019 Elsevier Inc

Interactive effects of age and gender on levels of toxic and potentially toxic metals in children hair in different urban environments

Children growth and development may be affected by metal exposure. The objective of the present study was to investigate the interactive effects of age and gender on children hair toxic metal levels in urban environment of two Russian cities. A total of 2021 children living in Moscow and Novosibirsk aged 1–18 years old were examined. Hair Al, As, Cd, Hg, Ni, Pb and Sn levels were assessed using inductively-coupled plasma mass-spectrometry in dynamic reaction cell mode. Children from Novosibirsk were characterised by higher hair Al (37%), As (385%), Cd (127%), Hg (11%), Ni (23%), Pb (72%) and Sn (25%) in comparison to Moscow values. In the general cohort, boys had higher Al (13%), As (51%), Cd (65%), Pb (63%) and Sn (18%) levels, whereas hair Ni was higher in girls (17%). Further analysis demonstrated age-specific gender differences. In particular, only hair Ni and Cd levels were higher in male toddlers and pre-schoolers from Novosibirsk as compared to females. No gender difference was detected in Moscow. Maximal gender differences in hair metal levels were detected in adolescents for both locations. International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) reference values for all groups were also calculated. The overall reference limits for the studied children population were Al (1.335–3.340 µg/g), As (0.021–0.384 µg/g), Cd (0.000–1.389 µg/g), Hg (0.024–0.722 µg/g), Ni (0.076–0.701 µg/g), Pb (0.050–1.490 µg/g) and Sn (0.070–1.026 µg/g). Two-way ANOVA demonstrated significant effects of age, gender and age*gender interaction on hair metals in both cities. At the same time, the age-specific changes in hair metal content were more expressed in children from Novosibirsk, being exposed to higher metal pollution. The obtained data demonstrate that age, gender as well as the particular rate of pollution in each location should be taken into account during interpretation of hair test results. © 2018, © 2018 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group

Interactive effects of age and gender on levels of toxic and potentially toxic metals in children hair in different urban environments

Children growth and development may be affected by metal exposure. The objective of the present study was to investigate the interactive effects of age and gender on children hair toxic metal levels in urban environment of two Russian cities. A total of 2021 children living in Moscow and Novosibirsk aged 1–18 years old were examined. Hair Al, As, Cd, Hg, Ni, Pb and Sn levels were assessed using inductively-coupled plasma mass-spectrometry in dynamic reaction cell mode. Children from Novosibirsk were characterised by higher hair Al (37%), As (385%), Cd (127%), Hg (11%), Ni (23%), Pb (72%) and Sn (25%) in comparison to Moscow values. In the general cohort, boys had higher Al (13%), As (51%), Cd (65%), Pb (63%) and Sn (18%) levels, whereas hair Ni was higher in girls (17%). Further analysis demonstrated age-specific gender differences. In particular, only hair Ni and Cd levels were higher in male toddlers and pre-schoolers from Novosibirsk as compared to females. No gender difference was detected in Moscow. Maximal gender differences in hair metal levels were detected in adolescents for both locations. International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) reference values for all groups were also calculated. The overall reference limits for the studied children population were Al (1.335–3.340 µg/g), As (0.021–0.384 µg/g), Cd (0.000–1.389 µg/g), Hg (0.024–0.722 µg/g), Ni (0.076–0.701 µg/g), Pb (0.050–1.490 µg/g) and Sn (0.070–1.026 µg/g). Two-way ANOVA demonstrated significant effects of age, gender and age*gender interaction on hair metals in both cities. At the same time, the age-specific changes in hair metal content were more expressed in children from Novosibirsk, being exposed to higher metal pollution. The obtained data demonstrate that age, gender as well as the particular rate of pollution in each location should be taken into account during interpretation of hair test results. © 2018, © 2018 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group

The unique Katugin rare-metal deposit (southern Siberia): Constraints on age and genesis

© 2017 Elsevier B.V. We report new geological, mineralogical, geochemical and geochronological data about the Katugin Ta-Nb-Y-Zr (REE) deposit, which is located in the Kalar Ridge of Eastern Siberia (the southern part of the Siberian Craton). All these data support a magmatic origin of the Katugin rare-metal deposit rather than the previously proposed metasomatic fault-related origin. Our research has proved the genetic relation between ores of the Katugin deposit and granites of the Katugin complex. We have studied granites of the eastern segment of the Eastern Katugin massif, including arfvedsonite, aegirine-arfvedsonite and aegirine granites. These granites belong to the peralkaline type. They are characterized by high alkali content (up to 11.8wt% Na 2 O+K 2 O), extremely high iron content (FeO * /(FeO * +MgO)=0.96-1.00), very high content of most incompatible elements - Rb, Y, Zr, Hf, Ta, Nb, Th, U, REEs (except for Eu) and F, and low concentrations of CaO, MgO, P 2 O 5 , Ba, and Sr. They demonstrate negative and CHUR-close eNd(t) values of 0.0...-1.9. We suggest that basaltic magmas of OIB type (possibly with some the crustal contamination) represent a dominant part of the granitic source. Moreover, the fluorine-enriched fluid phases could provide an additional source of the fluorine. We conclude that most of the mineralization of the Katugin ore deposit occurred during the magmatic stage of the alkaline granitic source melt. The results of detailed mineralogical studies suggest three major types of ores in the Katugin deposit: Zr mineralization, Ta-Nb-REE mineralization and aluminum fluoride mineralization. Most of the ore minerals crystallized from the silicate melt during the magmatic stage. The accessory cryolites in granites crystallized from the magmatic silicate melt enriched in fluorine. However, cryolites in large veins and lens-like bodies crystallized in the latest stage from the fluorine enriched melt. The zircons from the ores in the aegirine-arfvedsonite granite have been dated at 2055±7Ma. This age is close to the previously published 2066±6Ma zircon age of the aegirine-arfvedsonite granites, suggesting that the formation of the Katugin rare-metal deposit is genetically related to the formation of peralkaline granites. We conclude that Katugin rare-metal granites are anorogenic. They can be related to a Paleoproterozoic (~2.05Ga) mantle plume. As there is no evidence of the 2.05Ga mantle plume in other areas of southern Siberia, we suggest that the Katugin mineralization occurred on the distant allochtonous terrane, which has been accreted to Siberian Craton later