Floristic Composition, Structural Analysis and Socio-economic Importance of Legume Flora of the Commune of Mayahi, Niger, West Africa

Floristic assessment plays a crucial role in managing and conserving phytodiversity. Thisstudy tried to determine the floristic composition, woody structure and socio-economic importance of the legume flora in the commune of Mayahi. We used plot method based on systematic sampling approach to inventory legume species within the parklands in September 2012. We recorded 55 legume species belonging to 24 genera in 56 relevés. Fabaceae is the dominant family among the legume botanical families in the parklands of the commune of Mayahi. The average woody legume density is 62 individuals per hectare in the commune of Mayahi. The woody legume species of highest average density are Faidherbia albida and Piliostigma reticulatum. While the total basal area of legumes of the commune is 1.12m2 / ha in the Mayahi commune. The crown cover varies according to the vegetation types but it is higher in the Goulbi N\u27kaba forest reserve. Legume flora provides a myriad of benefits to the people of Mayahi. The present study recommends furtherresearch that examines the impact of human activities on the legume flora of the parklands in the commune of Mayahi

Atlas des évolutions des systèmes pastoraux au Sahel : 1970-2012

Le présent Atlas fait la synthèse des informations disponibles sur les transformations des systèmes pastoraux au Sahel, collectées dans le contexte du SIPSA ou par d'autres initiatives. Partant d'une analyse des besoins en information conduite dans le cadre du SIPSA, l'atlas analyse les grandes tendances de l'élevage pastoral et de son contexte. Au regard des impacts des conditions climatiques sur les économies au Sahel, il apparait indispensable de disposer d'analyse prospective sur les différents secteurs des économies des pays du Sahel. Tel est le mérite de cet atlas, un excellent outil qui permettra la prise de décision fondée sur des bases objectives et assurera l'amélioration certaine de la gouvernance du secteur de l'élevage pastoral sahélien

Usages Socioeconomiques Des Espèces Ligneuses Au Sahel: Cas De Guidan Roumdji Au Niger

Woody species are of multiple use in the department of Guidan- Roumdji, in Niger. The present study carried out in Garin-yahaya and Tsayin-daka aims to identify the woody species, their different uses and to determine their present state. Data collection methodology consisted of a floristic inventory at the level of 80 plots and ethnobotanical surveys on a sample of 250 respondents. 46 species, divided into 38 genera and 22 families, were recorded. There were 24 species used in food, 19 fodder species and 38 others species used in the treatment of several ailments in the area. Also, in handicrafts and construction, a dozen species are used respectively against 19 others species in the production of wood energy. These diverse and wide-ranging uses, associated with the effects of climate change, affect the woody species populations. Thus, in the area, 25 species are declared extinct, 18 and 14 others are respectively considered threatened and rare. The study also reported on woody species management practices in the area, including the conservation of 7 local species and the introduction of 11 exotic species because of various products and services they provide. Also, 96% of the local population practices the trees’ farming natural regeneration management (FNRM) in their farms for various reasons. This would be a start in the sustainable and rational management of forest resources in the area with the maintenance of several woody species in the area

Аксіологічний вимір змісту Конституції України

Салей М. І. Аксіологічний вимір змісту Конституції України / М. І. Салей // Актуальні проблеми держави і права : зб. наук. пр. / редкол.: В. В. Завальнюк (голов. ред.) [та ін.] ; відп. за вип. М. В. Афанасьєва. – Одеса : Юрид. л-ра, 2015. – Вип. 75. – C. 150-154.Аналізується ціннісний зміст Конституції України. Доводиться, що Конституція закладає конституційні цінності, які відображають найбільш важливі засади життя суспільства та держави.Аксиологическое измерение содержания Конституции Украины. Анализируется ценностное содержание Конституции Украины. Доказывается, что Конституция закладывает конституционные ценности, отражающие наиболее важные устои жизни общества и государства.Axiologican Dimension of the Content of Ukrainian Constitution. The article contains the analysis of the value content of Ukrainian Constitution. The author argues at the Constitution lays the basis of the values which are most significant for the state and the society

Bimodal spore release heights in the water column enhance local retention and population connectivity of bull kelp, Nereocystis luetkeana

Dispersal of reproductive propagules determines recruitment patterns and connectivity among populations and can influence how populations respond to major disturbance events. Dispersal distributions can depend on propagule release strategies. For instance, the bull kelp, Nereocystis luetkeana, can release propagules (spores) from two heights in the water column ("bimodal release"): at the water surface, directly from the reproductive tissues (sori) on the kelp's blades, and near the seafloor after the sori abscise and sink through the water column. N. luetkeana is a foundation species that occurs from central California to Alaska and is experiencing unprecedented levels of population declines near its southern range limit. We know little of the kelp's dispersal distributions, which could influence population recovery and restoration. Here, we quantify how bimodal spore release heights affect dispersal outcomes based on a numerical model specifically designed for N. luetkeana. The model incorporates oceanographic conditions typical of the species' coastal range and kelp biological traits. With bimodal release heights, 34% of spores are predicted to settle within 10 m of the parental alga and 60% are predicted to disperse beyond 100 m. As an annual species, bimodal release heights can facilitate the local regeneration of adults within a source kelp forest while also supporting connectivity among multiple forests within broader bull kelp metapopulations. To leverage this pattern of bimodal spore dispersal in bull kelp restoration management, directing resources toward strategically located focal populations that can seed other ones could amplify the scale of recovery

Climate Change and Utah Ski Resorts: Impacts, Perceptions, and Adaptation Strategies

Climate change is a threat to ski resorts, the ski industry, and mountain communities that rely on ski tourism. Ski resorts may be able to mitigate some of the social and economic impacts caused by climate change with proactive adaptation strategies. Using historical weather data, future climate projections, and interviews with ski resort managers in Utah (United States), this research investigates the effects of climate change on ski resorts across the state. We examine temperature change at all resorts within the state from 1980–2018 and climate projections from 2021–2100 under different climate change scenarios (RCPs 2.6, 4.5, and 8.5). We also report on semistructured interviews with resort managers to provide insights into how resort leadership perceives the impacts of climate change, is implementing adaptation strategies, and is addressing barriers to adaptation. Many resorts in Utah are warming faster than global averages, and minimum temperatures are rising faster than maximum temperatures. By the end of the century, winter (December–March) minimum daily temperatures in Utah could warm an additional 6.0°C under the RCP 8.5 scenario near northern Utah resorts and 6.6°C near southern Utah resorts. Resort managers are concerned about shorter season lengths, shifting ski seasons, less snow cover, and poorer snow quality. Many resorts are already adapting, with the most common adaptations being snowmaking and diversifying outdoor recreation offerings (particularly during the summer and shoulder seasons). Barriers to adaptation reported by managers include financial costs, adequate water availability for snowmaking, and uncertainty about climate change projections. Climate change is already impacting Utah ski resorts, but adaptation practices can reduce the negative impacts to some degree at most resorts

Analysis of Mercury Content in Canned Tuna Fish Commercially Available in the Philippines

Objective: To analyze the total concentration (in mg/kg) of Mercury in Canned Tuna Fish commercially available in the Philippines, using Cold Vapor Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (CVAAS) and to compare the results gathered with permissible FAO/WHO levels. Background: The levels of the toxic heavy metal, mercury have not been previously determined in canned Tuna commercially available in the Philippines. Methods: Six different brands of canned tuna, commercially and widely available in the Philippines were selected. The samples were primed, then analyzed using Cold Vapor Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry. The values obtained were then compared the tolerable weekly limit of Mercury as set by WHO. Results: Of the six canned tuna, all were tested positive for mercury. The mercury content expressed in mg/kg body weight were 0.10, 0.04, 0.06, 0.02, 0.02, and 0.02, for samples A, B, C, D, E and F respectively. The Provisional Tolerable Weekly intake of total mercury is 0.004 mg/kg, as set by the Food and Agriculture Organization/World Health Organization Joint Expert Committee on Food Additives [1]. The recovered mercury from all the canned tunas tested were well above the Provisional Tolerable Weekly Intake of total Mercury [1]. Conclusion: All of the 6 cans of tuna samples tested were positive for mercury well above the permissible FAO/WHO levels for mercury. Therefore, the analysis of the canned tuna is considered significant and the canned tuna fish seem to be unsafe for human consumption