7,337 research outputs found
La redefinición de los derechos de propiedad. A propósito de los decretos sobre cercados de las Cortes de Cádiz (1810-1824)
The aim of this article is to analyse one of the liberal agrarian reform measures that has been largely overlooked by the historiography, the enclosure of land and its policies. The work is laid out in three parts: first I go into the study of enclosures before 1808; secondly, into the debates held in the Cortes de Cadiz and in the «liberal triennium» and to what extent the Enlightment influenced them. Lastly, into the enforcing of the decree of January 14 1812 in the "Campo de Gibraltar». The debates show the lack of a consensus opinion among the deputies over the redefining of land property rights. Some were in favour of perfect property, which made it necessary to abolish the derrota de mieses and other communal practices that taxed rustic property. Others thought that serfdoms were to be maintained and these included the above customs. This meant the support for imperfect property, no doubt in order to avoid making more enemies to the liberal cause. This is the way it was sanctioned by the Cortes de Cadiz decrees. The enforcement of one of these decrees in the "Campo de Gibraltar" brought to Iight the difficulty in bringing together the interests of the land owners with those who had certain rights over their lands
Vacuum stability conditions of the economical 3-3-1 model from copositivity
By applying copositivity criterion to the scalar potential of the economical
model, we derive necessary and sufficient bounded-from-below conditions
at tree level. Although these are a large number of intricate inequalities for
the dimensionless parameters of the scalar potential, we present general
enlightening relations in this work. Additionally, we use constraints coming
from the minimization of the scalar potential by means of the orbit space
method, the positivity of the squared masses of the extra scalars, the Higgs
boson mass, the gauge boson mass and its mixing angle with the SM
boson in order to further restrict the parameter space of this model.Comment: 22 pages, 7 figures, added text and references. Matches published
versio
Compresión BZIP2 optimizada usando colas libres de bloqueo
Since the general trend nowadays is to have more and more processors (cores) available in each computer, the scalability of the data structures used in parallel programs must be carefully considered in order to guarantee that they take full advantage of the available processors. Because of increased containment, lock-based data structures usually do not perform proportionally as the number of processors increases. The use of well-designed lock-free data structures, like first in-first out, (fifo) queues, can boost the performance of a parallel program when many processors are available. In this work, a parallel version of bzip2, a popular compression and decompression program, is designed and implemented by using lock-free queues instead of the lock-based ones, and applying a two-buffer-output strategy. The performance of lock-free implementation is measured against lock-based implementations. Compression time was measured with different number of processors and different block sizes. Consistent with our hypothesis, the results show that our parallel lock-free implementation outperforms the other implementations.Debido a que la tendencia actual es tener más y más procesadores (cores) disponibles en cada computadora, la escalabilidad de las estructuras de datos usadas en programación paralela debe ser considerada cuidadosamente, para así garantizar que ellas saquen ventaja de los procesadores disponibles. Debido al aumento en la contención, usualmente las estructuras de datos basadas en bloqueos no mejoran su rendimiento proporcionalmente al incrementar el número de procesadores. El uso de estructuras de datos libres de bloqueos bien diseñadas, tales como las colas first in-first out, puede mejorar el rendimiento de un programa paralelo, cuando hay varios procesadores disponibles. En este trabajo se diseña e implementa una versión paralela de bzip2, un programa para compresión y descompresión de datos muy popular, usando colas libres de bloqueos en lugar de las basadas en bloqueos, y aplicando una estrategia de dos buffers de salida. Se compara el rendimiento de la implementación libre de bloqueos contra implementaciones basadas en bloqueos. Se midió el tiempo de compresión usando diferente número de procesadores y diferentes tamaños de bloques. Coincidiendo con la hipótesis de trabajo, los resultados muestran que la implementación paralela libre de bloqueos supera las otras implementaciones
La Participación Ciudadana en la Obra Pública Municipal. Estudio de Caso: Los Comités Ciudadanos de Control y Vigilancia del Municipio de Toluca Estado de México, en el periodo 2009-2012
Se analizan y evaluan los aspectos de capacitación, operación, funcionamiento y grado de participación del ciudadano como contralor social, dentro de los Comités Ciudadanos de Control y Vigilancia (COCICOVI) en las obras públicas del municipio de Toluca, en el periodo 2009-2012
Cognición y transacción estética: un enfoque para la enseñanza de la lectura
Se discute aquí sobre la importancia de
enfatizar el uso de metodologías de orden estético
transaccional, como complemento de los métodos de
enseñanza de la lengua materna los que, en la práctica,
se han concentrado mayormente en el aspecto cognitivo-
mecanicista de la lengua. Se argumenta que en
la carencia de metodologías transaccionales podría
yacer una de las causas de los malos hábitos de lectura
en la población. Finalmente, se sugiere un respaldo
filosófico y metodológico bidireccional, por medio
de la teoría de la transacción estética de Rosenblatt y
la teoría del esquem
Plan de negocios para montaje de una planta de producción de arneses de uso automotriz Arneses Automotrices del Ecuador
The business plan proposes the creation of a production of automotive harnesses to provide companies that assemble vehicles locally. The developed plan consider the reality of the automotive environment in Ecuador, where government regulations require a change in the productive matrix, promoting the development and production of goods and services in the country. Additionally regulations limiting the import of vehicles and parts for local assembly, it is required by COMEX. (Comité de Comercio Exterior)
The business is consider a volume of 42500 units assembled annually, regulated by COMEX. The volume in cash market value exceeds 1.86 million US dollars, with a discount rate of 19.34%, the balance point in the first year is 15,265 units produced, and requires an initial investment of 24.000.000 de dólares en un año, considerando el abastecimiento para el ensamblaje de automóviles, camionetas (Pick Up) y SUV´s.
El proyecto tiene una Valor Presente Neto de 1.535.000 dólares.
Como se puede ver el proyecto bajo las condiciones y premisas presentadas en rentable, siendo una oportunidad de inversión
EFECTOS SOCIOTERRITORIALES DE LAS POLÍTICAS NEOLIBERALES EN LA AGRICULTURA DEL MAÍZ: EL CASO DEL DISTRITO DE DESARROLLO RURAL ATLACOMULCO DEL ESTADO DE MÉXICO. 1990-2015
La reestructuración del sector agrario nacional, inducida por las políticas neoliberales implementadas a finales de los años ochenta y principios de los noventa del siglo pasado, lejos de incentivar la siembra de maíz y considerando el principio de las ventajas comparativas, ha tratado de orientar el camino de la agricultura mexicana hacia la producción de cultivos más competitivos en el mercado internacional, entre los cuales no figura el maíz. Aunado a lo anterior, también ha propuesto un esquema de producción en el que sólo los grandes y medianos productores de maíz han logrado insertarse en el nuevo modelo agrícola, dejando un tanto a la deriva a los pequeños productores.
El DDR Atlacomulco, ubicado en la porción noroccidental del estado de México, se ha caracterizado por ser un área tradicionalmente importante en la producción de maíz, y a partir del análisis estadístico de sus factores de producción durante el periodo comprendido entre 1990 y 2015, en el presente trabajo se determinan cuáles han sido los principales cambios dentro de la actividad maicera en el marco de la implementación de las políticas neoliberales en la agricultura. Asimismo, se hace una reflexión de la situación del DDR Atlacomulco con respecto a las perspectivas señaladas por algunos autores con relación al posible destino de la agricultura del maíz a nivel nacional como consecuencia del giro neoliberal del campo mexicano. Como resultado del trabajo se observa que la siembra de maíz no ha perdido su papel preponderante dentro de las actividades agrícolas de la región aunque ha sufrido cambios y presenta una ligera, pero constante, disminución, además de que se reconoce que la estructura laboral agrícola se ha reconfigurado con el paso del tiempo
Analyzing Brand Perception In LLMs
Treballs finals del Màster de Fonaments de Ciència de Dades, Facultat de matemàtiques, Universitat de Barcelona. Curs: 2023-2024. Tutor: Oriol Pujol Vila i Santi Seguí MesquidaThis thesis investigates brand perception in different Large Language Models (LLMs), focusing on three brands: Apple, Samsung, and Huawei. We first established an understanding of brand perception and the construction of psychometrically sound tests. Leveraging this foundation, we defined four metrics across two dimensions,
sentiment and preference, to facilitate a comprehensive analysis. In the sentiment dimension, we observed that the Gemma LLM exhibited consistent bias across all brands, whereas ChatGPT3.5 and ChatGPT4 displayed similar behavior for Apple and Samsung, with notable differences for Huawei. In the preference dimension,
all studied LLMs demonstrated transitivity consistency, consistently preferring Apple over Samsung and Samsung over Huawei. Our findings highlight the potential for extensive analysis using the defined metrics, limited here by time constraints.
We suggest several avenues for future research, including expanding the range of brands and LLMs analyzed, improving the question bank through collaboration with psychologists, and incorporating varied question connotations and mask questions to enrich the study’s depth. This study provides a methodological framework
for assessing brand perception in LLMs, with implications for broader applications beyond the specific brands and models examined
Gaussian covariance matrices for anisotropic galaxy clustering measurements
Measurements of the redshift-space galaxy clustering have been a prolific
source of cosmological information in recent years. Accurate covariance
estimates are an essential step for the validation of galaxy clustering models
of the redshift-space two-point statistics. Usually, only a limited set of
accurate N-body simulations is available. Thus, assessing the data covariance
is not possible or only leads to a noisy estimate. Further, relying on
simulated realisations of the survey data means that tests of the cosmology
dependence of the covariance are expensive. With these points in mind, this
work presents a simple theoretical model for the linear covariance of
anisotropic galaxy clustering observations with synthetic catalogues.
Considering the Legendre moments (`multipoles') of the two-point statistics and
projections into wide bins of the line-of-sight parameter (`clustering
wedges'), we describe the modelling of the covariance for these anisotropic
clustering measurements for galaxy samples with a trivial geometry in the case
of a Gaussian approximation of the clustering likelihood. As main result of
this paper, we give the explicit formulae for Fourier and configuration space
covariance matrices. To validate our model, we create synthetic HOD galaxy
catalogues by populating the haloes of an ensemble of large-volume N-body
simulations. Using linear and non-linear input power spectra, we find very good
agreement between the model predictions and the measurements on the synthetic
catalogues in the quasi-linear regime.Comment: 17 pages, 16 figures, 3 tables; modified to match version accepted by
MNRA
The Risk of Extrapolation in Neuroanatomy: The Case of the Mammalian Vomeronasal System†
The sense of smell plays a crucial role in mammalian social and sexual behaviour, identification of food, and detection of predators. Nevertheless, mammals vary in their olfactory ability. One reason for this concerns the degree of development of their pars basalis rhinencephali, an anatomical feature that has been considered in classifying this group of animals as macrosmatic, microsmatic or anosmatic. In mammals, different structures are involved in detecting odours: the main olfactory system, the vomeronasal system (VNS), and two subsystems, namely the ganglion of Grüneberg and the septal organ. Here, we review and summarise some aspects of the comparative anatomy of the VNS and its putative relationship to other olfactory structures. Even in the macrosmatic group, morphological diversity is an important characteristic of the VNS, specifically of the vomeronasal organ and the accessory olfactory bulb. We conclude that it is a big mistake to extrapolate anatomical data of the VNS from species to species, even in the case of relatively close evolutionary proximity between them. We propose to study other mammalian VNS than those of rodents in depth as a way to clarify its exact role in olfaction. Our experience in this field leads us to hypothesise that the VNS, considered for all mammalian species, could be a system undergoing involution or regression, and could serve as one more integrated olfactory subsystem
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