Factors associated to the quality of the IPUEC from the prism of the institutional evaluation

Cuba is turning into significant transformations amidst a prolonged and deep economic crisis. Nevertheless, the achievements reached regarding education cannot he questioned. In this context, institutional evaluation in senior high school institutes in the countryside (IPUEC), is presented as an important pivot for the design of policies that contribute to make the right to education sustainable. This article as part of the author doctoral thesis, exposed an experience in the determination of the factors associated to students formation, that as its basic from the systematizing of the theory of educational evaluation, as well as an ex post fact study for the determination the what a one to advisement as content of the institutional evaluation. These results have stimulated adjustments within educational policies regarding the current relevancy of senior high school in the countryside

Impact of mycorrhization on the abundance, growth and leaf nutrient status of ferns along a tropical elevational gradient

Mycorrhizal fungi are crucial for the ecological success of land plants, providing their hosts with nutrients in exchange for organic C. However, not all plants are mycorrhizal, especially ferns, of which about one-third of the species lack this symbiosis. Because the mycorrhizal status is evolutionarily ancestral, this lack of mycorrhizae must have ecological advantages, but what these advantages are and how they affect the competitive ability of non-mycorrhizal plants under natural conditions is currently unknown. To address this uncertainty, we studied terrestrial fern assemblages and species abundances as well as their mycorrhization status, leaf nutrient concentration and relative annual growth along an elevational gradient in the Ecuadorian Andes (500-4,000m). We surveyed the mycorrhizal status of 375 root samples belonging to 85 species, and found mycorrhizae in 89% of the samples. The degree of mycorrhization decreased with elevation but was unrelated to soil nutrients. Species with mycorrhizae were significantly more abundant than non-mycorrhizal species, but non-mycorrhizal species had significantly higher relative growth and concentrations of leaf N, P, Mg, and Ca. Our study thus shows that despite lower abundances, non-mycorrhizal fern species did not appear to be limited in their growth or nutrient supply relative to mycorrhizal ones. As a basis for future studies, we hypothesize that non-mycorrhizal fern species may be favoured in special microhabitats of the forest understory with high soil nutrient or water availability, or that the ecological benefit of mycorrhizae is not related to nutrient uptake but rather to, for example, pathogen resistance

EVALUACIÓN Y ACREDITACIÓN DE LA CALIDAD DE LAS ESPECIALIDADES DE POSGRADO: ESTUDIO DIAGNÓSTICO EN CUBA

The challenge that it implies for the economic development, social, technological and cultural of a country the professional specialized performance, in contexts that they sue of the solution of specific problems in relation with this and with the needs of production and services, it becomes evident in the need of the specialization of the professionals. In front of this challenge, the Institutions of Higher Education Cubans And entities authorized for the academic postgrad, they choose to unroll postgrad’s programs of specialties, the pertinence and social impact are evaluated by means of a process that includes the auto-evaluation, the external evaluation and the accreditation, which leads to the public recognition of the quality of the program and its certification. The objective of this article is to expose the results of a diagnostic study derived of the process of evaluation and accreditation of quality of programs of postgrad’s specialties, developed of 2016 to May 2018 at the country. In the fulfillment of this objective 22 programs were evaluated and credited of 10 institutions of higher education, of three of the ministries, located at the country's seven provinces of the different regions of Cuba. The sources and the methods of scientific investigation used allowed verifying in situ the manifestations of the attitude about the external evaluation that they were object and strengths and weaknesses of the evaluated programs, according to the standard of quality of the Subsystem of evaluation and accreditation of postgrad’s specialties and inferring elements for his continuous perfecting.El reto que implica para el desarrollo económico, social, tecnológico y cultural de un país el desempeño profesional especializado, en contextos que requieren de la solución de problemas específicos en correspondencia con este y con las necesidades de la producción y los servicios, se hace evidente en la necesidad de la especialización de los profesionales. Ante este desafío, las Instituciones de Educación Superior cubanas y entidades autorizadas para el posgrado académico, optan por desarrollar programas de especialidades de posgrado, cuya pertinencia e impacto social son evaluados mediante un proceso que incluye la autoevaluación, la evaluación externa y la acreditación, lo cual conduce al reconocimiento público de la calidad de estos programa y con ello, su certificación. El objetivo de este artículo es exponer los resultados de un estudio diagnóstico derivado del proceso de evaluación y Acreditación de la calidad de programas de especialidades de posgrado, desarrollado de 2016 hasta mayo de 2018 en el país. En su cumplimento fueron evaluados y acreditados 22 programas de 10 Instituciones de Educación Superior pertenecientes a tres de los ministerios, ubicadas en siete provincias de las diferentes regiones de Cuba. Las fuentes y los métodos de investigación científica empleados permitieron constatar in situ las manifestaciones actitudinales acerca de la evaluación externa de que fueron objeto y las fortalezas y debilidades de los programas evaluados, según el patrón de calidad del Subsistema de Evaluación y Acreditación de Especialidades de Posgrado en Cuba e inferir elementos para su perfeccionamiento continuo

Disponibilidad tecnológica y uso de tecnologías por parte de docentes de bachillerato desde la perspectiva del estudiante

En México, las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TIC) son requeridas dentro de las normas de la Reforma Integral de la Educación Media Superior (RIEMS) como medio para diversificar las prácticas educativas docentes. Por ello, en este estudio se pretende identificar el nivel de disponibilidad tecnológica (infraestructura, conectividad y soporte técnico y pedagógico para el uso de tecnologías) en las instituciones de educación media superior (EMS), con el propósito de determinar si se relaciona con el uso de las tecnologías por parte de los docentes a partir de la opinión de los estudiantes. Se utilizó el método cuantitativo no experimental, transeccional y de alcance correlacional Los principales resultados apuntan a que en los bachilleratos privados existe una relación significativa entre la disponibilidad tecnológica y el uso que el docente hace de la tecnología en la enseñanza con respecto a las experiencias de aprendizaje, formas de trabajo y aprendizaje de estudiantes; sin embargo, es independiente de la variable ciudadanía digital. En el caso de los bachilleratos públicos, la disponibilidad tecnológica se asocia significativamente con las experiencias de aprendizaje y es independiente de las variables formas de trabajo, aprendizaje de estudiantes y ciudadanía digital.A Mèxic, les tecnologies de la informació i la comunicació (TIC) són requerides dins de les normes de la Reforma Integral de l'Educació Mitjana Superior (RIEMS) com una manera de diversificar les pràctiques educatives docents. Per això, en aquest estudi es pretén identificar el nivell de disponibilitat tecnològica (infraestructura, connectivitat i suport tècnic i pedagògic) en les institucions d'educació mitjana superior (EMS), amb el propòsit de determinar si es relaciona amb l'ús de les tecnologies per part dels docents a partir de l'opinió dels alumnes. S'hi utilitza el mètode quantitatiu no experimental, transeccional i d'abast correlacional. Els resultats principals afirmen que en els batxillerats privats hi ha una relació significativa entre la disponibilitat tecnològica i l'ús docent que se'n fa a l'ensenyament respecte a les experiències didàctiques, a les formes de treball i a l'aprenentatge d'estudiants, però és independent de la variable ciutadania digital. En el cas dels batxillerats públics, la disponibilitat tecnològica s'associa significativament amb les experiències d'aprenentatge i és independent de les variables formes de treball, aprenentatge d'estudiants i ciutadania digital.In Mexico, the Integral Reform of Higher Secondary Education (RIEMS) requires that information and communication technologies (ICTs) be used as a means to diversify educational practices. Therefore, this study seeks to identify the level of technology availability (infrastructure, connectivity, and technical and pedagogical support for the use of technologies) in upper secondary education institutions. Based on the opinions of the students, the aim is to determine if there is a relationship between the availability and the use of technology in teaching processes. A quantitative, descriptive and cross-sectional design is used in the study. The main results show that there is a significant relationship in private high schools between technology availability and the use of technology in education related to learning experiences, working styles and student learning; however, it is independent of the variable digital citizenship. In the case of public high schools, technology availability is significantly associated with learning experiences, but independent of the variables working styles, student learning or digital citizenship

Yield, quality, alternate bearing and long-term yield index in pecan, as a response to mineral and organic nutrition

The pecan nut is produced in 57 countries in the world. Alternate bearing is one of the main biological problems that affect pecan cultivation. Mineral and organic fertilization is a good strategy to maintain and increase pecan nut production. In this study, several mineral and organic doses of fertilization were tested using a factorial arrangement 56 bounded to 25 treatments was used in structure Taguchi L25: nitrogen (N) 0 - 240 kg ha-1, phosphate (P2O5) 0 - 120 kg ha-1, potassium (K2O) 0 - 100 kg ha-1, calcium (CaO) 0 - 400 kg ha-1, liquid humus 0 - 3600 L ha-1 and solid humus 0 - 8000 kg ha-1. The study was carried out in Aldama city, Chihuahua (Mexico). An average yield of 2.4 t ha-1 was obtained, 157 nuts per kilogram and 58.9% of edible nut. The average alternate bearing intensity was 31.58%, and the long-term yield index (IRLP) was 9.59%. It is concluded that the factors whit the greatest impact on the analyzed variables were N and P2O5. In addition, it was found these mineral and organic fertilization systems help to reduce alternate bearing in pecan and simultaneously improve production and long-term productivity index. Optimal fertilization doses were defined: 181.4 kg ha-1 of N, 93.5 kg ha-1 of P2O5 and 3287.2 L ha-1 of liquid humus. Finally, the mineral fertilization complemented with organic fertilization is considered a good fertilization strategy for pecan trees, to increase production and with lower environmental impact

Oxygen supersaturation adds resistance to a cnidarian: Symbiodiniaceae holobiont under moderate warming in experimental settings

Ocean warming reduces O2 solubility and increases organismal O2 demand, endangering marine life. Coastal ecosystems, however, experience O2 supersaturation during peak daytime temperatures due to metabolic cycles. Recent discoveries show that this environmental supersaturation can reduce the vulnerability of tropical species to warming by satisfying their oxygen requirements. To test whether this also occurs within the cnidarian holobiont, we elevated internal O2 in Cassiopea andromeda at nighttime (i.e. holobiont respiration prevails on Symbiodniaceae O2 production) relying on bell pulsation for ventilation, then experimentally subjected them to thermal stress (+1°C day-1). Though ecologically unrealistic, this approach verified our hypothesis and eliminated confounding factors. Holobionts were exposed to either constant levels of 100% air saturation (100AS) or nighttime supersaturation (NSS; where 100% air saturation transitioned to O2 supersaturation at nighttime). At sublethal temperatures, supersaturation mitigated reductions in holobiont size of ~ 10.37% (-33.418% ± 0.345 under 100AS vs -23.039% ± 0.687 under NSS). Supersaturation alleviated chlorophyll-a loss by 42.73% until 34°C, when counteraction of this process could not be sustained due to excessive thermal stress. Supersaturation also enriched potentially beneficial bacterial taxa of the microbiome and selected a more consistent bacterial community. Although modest, the detected effects show that a O2 surplus increased the resistance of the holobionts to thermal stress

DESARROLLO DE LA MOTRICIDAD FINA EN LAS DESTREZAS MANUALES EN LOS NIÑOS/AS.

LA MOTRICIDAD FINA EN LOS NIÑOS/AS COMPRENDE LOS MOVIMIENTOS INICIALES MÁS PEQUEÑOS QUE DESARROLLAN A TRAVÉS DE LOS DEDOS DE LAS MANOS, POR LO TANTO EL DOCENTE TIENE QUE APLICAR DIFERENTES TÉCNICAS ADECUADAS PARA FORTALECER LA MOTRICIDAD FINA Y COMO CONSECUENCIA DE ELLO AMPLIAR DESTREZAS MANUALES QUE DEFINAN LAS ACCIONES QUE DEBEN REALIZAR DE ACUERDO A LA EDAD DEL ESCOLAR.LA PRESENTE INVESTIGACIÓN ESTÁ PERFILADA EN INDAGAR LA PROBLEMÁTICA QUE SE MANIFIESTA EN EL DESARROLLO DE LA MOTRICIDAD FINA EN LAS DESTREZAS MANUALES DE LOS NIÑOS/AS DE EDUCACIÓN BÁSICA ELEMENTAL DE LA ESCUELA "JUAN PÍO MONTÚFAR" DE LA PARROQUIA BAHÍA DE CARÁQUEZ, CANTÓN SUCRE, PROVINCIA DE MANABÍ. EXISTE UN SIGNIFICANTE NÚMERO DE NIÑOS/AS QUE CURSAN ESTE NIVEL EDUCATIVO Y SE MANIFIESTA UNA DEFICIENCIA EN EL DESARROLLO DE HABILIDADES MOTRICES