Efektivitas Vaksin Cacar Monyet

Latar Belakang: Dunia kesehatan prihatin dengan timbulnya wabah Cacar Monyet, begitu juga dengan Indonesia. Pada tengah Tahun 2022 Kementrian Kesehatan Indonesia mengumumkan seorang pria terjangkit penyakit ini sehingga pemerintah mulai menggalakkan upaya penanggulangan wabah Cacar Monyet melalui penggunaan vaksin. Tujuan: Menganalisa efektifitas vaksin Cacar Monyet sebagai usaha pencegahan penyebaran penyakit Cacar Monyet. Metode: Literature review dengan metode naratif yang mengkaji dan menganalisis hasil penelitian yang terkait dengan pemberian vaksin kaitannya dengan penyakit Cacar Monyet melalui pencarian literatur baik nasional atau international dengan menggunakan database PubMed dan Google Cendekia. Hasil: Penggunaan vaksin mampu memberikan manfaat positif pada kekebalan individu, masyarakat dan komunitas. Simpulan: Vaksin efektif sebagai salah satu cara pencegahan Cacar Monyet

Vaksinasi Measles, Mumps, dan Rubella (MMR) Sebagai Prophylaxis Terhadap COVID-19

COVID-19 is an infection caused by SARS-CoV-2 and has been declared a pandemic by WHO. At present there is no therapy or vaccine available for handling COVID-19. Data obtained in China, Italy and South Korea show fewer children under 10 years of age are infected with COVID-19, and even if they have an infection they generally experience mild symptoms even without symptoms. Children get routine vaccinations and various infections. This seems to train the immune system of children so that it is more immune to COVID-19. MMR vaccination demonstrates partial preventive protection against COVID-19. This is due to several previous studies that measles vaccine provides protection against pathogens other than measles and also because of the similarity between the protein S in SARS-CoV-2 with protein F in Measles virus (measles) and protein E in Rubella virus (German measles). Prophylaxis is a way to prevent disease. This review will discuss the possibility of giving MMR vaccination as a protection against COVID-19

Stress Analytics Of Medical Students At Faculty Of Medicine University Of Surabaya

Background: Stress is a mental response of a person’s body that arises as a reaction to external demands that are considered dangerous or threatening him / her. Various studies have shown that stress on students especially on medical students is very high. This study specifically aimed to analyze the level of stress in preclinical students level 1, 2 and 3 of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Surabaya. Case discussion: This research is an analytic survey with a cross-sectional study approach. Data were collected through the Medical Student Stressor Questionnaire (MSSQ). A total of 114 medical students were obtained, consisting of 85 female students and 29 male students. Number of class 2017 are 38 medical students, number of class 2018 are 37 medical students, and class 2019 are 39 medical students. A total of 94 medical students live with their parents but the remaining 20 medical students do not live with their parents. Stressors in this study consisted of six groups, namely academic-related stressors (ARS), intrapersonal and interpersonal related stressors (IRS), teaching and learning related stressors(TLRS), social related stressors (SRS), drive and desire related stressors (DRS), group activities related stressors (GARS). Conclusion: It was found that the most stressors were academic-related stressors. Women are generally more stressed than men in drive and desire related stressors. There were no different stress between medical students who live and not live with their parent

Edukasi Kesehatan Tentang Tuberkulosis Pada Kader Surabaya Hebat Puskesmas Putat Jaya Surabaya

Tuberkulosis merupakan penyakit infeksi yang diakibatkan oleh kuman Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Tuberkulosis merupakan penyakit yang jika tidak ditangani dengan benar akan mengakibatkan kondisi yang jauh lebih sulit yaitu adanya kuman tuberculosis yang kebal terhadap antibiotik dan semakin mempersulit pengobatannya. Kader Surabaya Hebat memegang peranan penting dalam memutus rantai penularan Tuberkulosis. Puskesmas Putat Jaya memiliki sebanyak 1500 Kader Surabaya Hebat, dan baru separuh jumlah kader yang telah mendapat pengetahuan mengenai Tuberkulosis, sehingga dilakukan pengabdian edukasi kepada Kader Surabaya Hebat pada Puskesmas Putat Jaya untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan para kader mengenai Tuberkulosis. Pengabdian dilakukan selama kurang lebih 3 jam pada tanggal 23 Maret 2024 dengan jumlah peserta sebanyak 48 Kader Surabaya Hebat. Metode pengabdian ini adalah edukasi pemberian penjelasan mengenai Tuberkulosis disertai diskusi. Didapatkan peningkatan pengetahuan signifikan sebelum dan sesudah edukasi

OPTIMALISASI KOMPETENSI KEPRIBADIAN GURU AKIDAH AKHLAK DALAM MEMBENTUK AKHLAK PESERTA DIDIK DI SMP HASANUDDIN 10 SEMARANG

Pembinaan dari akhlak dikatakan sebagai sebuah usaha, sebuah tindakan serta kegiatan yang dilaksanakan melalui sebuah usaha sendiri dengan tujuan untuk meningkatkan akhlak dari peserta didik agar memiliki akhlak mulia. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengukur optimalisasi kompetensi guru akidah akhlak dalam membentuk akhlak peserta didik di SMP Hasanuddin 10 Semarang. Dalam penelitian ini untuk mengetahui bagaimana optimalisasi kompetensi guru akidah akhlak maka diperlukan observasi secara langsung. Metode yang digunakan dalam peneletian ini adalah kualitatif dengan subjek penelitian guru akidah akhlak kelas VII . Dalam proses belajar mengajar, seorang guru harus memiliki kemampuan dalam menganalisa sesuatu. Entah itu menganalisa peserta didik, menganalisa situasi pembelajaran dll. Dengan menganalisa, guru dapat menilai secara valid bagaimana ia dapat memposisikan seorang guru akidah akhlak untuk menerapkan metode pembelajaran. Dengan ketrampilan berkomunikasi dengan baik, seorang guru akidah akhlak dapat melaksanakan pembelajaranya dengan baik pula.Kata Kunci: Optimalisasi; Kompetensi Kepemimpinan; Guru Akidah Akhla

UJI EFEKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK NIGELLA SATIVA L. TERHADAP BAKTERI ESCHERICHIA COLI SECARA IN VITRO

Abstract—Infectious diseases remain a significant public health problem. One infectious disease can be caused by Escherichia coli. However, currently there is increasing resistance of Escherichia coli to several antibiotics. This has led to an increase in demand to develop new antibiotics that can overcome the development of resistance. Medicinal plants have enormous potential in the discovery of bioactive compounds that can fight resistant microorganisms. Nigella sativa L. is one such medicinal plant known for its antibacterial properties. The seed extract of Nigella sativa L. was obtained using the maceration method, resulting in four different concentrations: 12.5%, 25%, 50%, and 100%. These extracts were tested against Escherichia coli bacteria isolated on Mueller Hinton Agar media using the disk diffusion method. Nigella sativa L. seed extract with aquadest solvent produced average inhibition zone diameters of 0mm; 0mm; 0mm; 7mm, while with n-hexane solvent it produced average inhibition zone diameters of 0mm; 0mm; 0mm; 8.375mm at concentrations of 12.5%; 25%; 50%; 100%. The antibacterial activity of Nigella sativa L. seed extract was most effective at 100% concentration for both solvents. This study found no significant difference in antibacterial effectiveness between the aquadest and n-hexane solvent extracts of Nigella sativa L. against Escherichia coli. Keywords: nigella sativa L., rscherichia coli, antibacterial   Abstrak—Penyakit infeksi masih menjadi salah satu masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang penting. Salah satu penyakit infeksi dapat disebabkan oleh Escherichia coli. Namun, saat ini ada peningkatan resistensi Escherichia coli terhadap beberapa antibiotik. Hal ini menyebabkan peningkatan permintaan untuk mengembangkan antibiotik baru yang dapat mengatasi perkembangan resistensi. Tanaman obat memiliki potensi besar dalam penemuan senyawa bioaktif yang dapat melawan mikroorganisme resisten. Nigella sativa L. adalah salah satu tanaman obat yang dikenal memiliki sifat antibakteri. Ekstrak biji Nigella sativa L. diperoleh menggunakan metode maserasi, menghasilkan empat konsentrasi berbeda: 12,5%, 25%, 50%, dan 100%. Ekstrak-ekstrak ini diuji terhadap bakteri Escherichia coli yang diisolasi pada media Agar Mueller Hinton menggunakan metode difusi cakram. Ekstrak biji Nigella sativa L. dengan pelarut aquadest menghasilkan diameter zona hambat rata-rata 0mm; 0mm; 0mm; 7mm, sedangkan dengan pelarut n-heksana menghasilkan diameter zona hambat rata-rata 0mm; 0mm; 0mm; 8,375mm pada konsentrasi 12,5%; 25%; 50%; 100%. Aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak biji Nigella sativa L. paling efektif pada konsentrasi 100% untuk kedua pelarut. Penelitian ini menemukan tidak ada perbedaan signifikan dalam efektivitas antibakteri antara ekstrak pelarut aquadest dan n-heksana dari Nigella sativa L. terhadap Escherichia coli. Kata kunci: nigella sativa L., escherichia coli, antibakter

Vaksinasi Measles, Mumps, dan Rubella (MMR) Sebagai Prophylaxis Terhadap COVID-19

Abstract-COVID-19 is an infection caused by SARS-CoV-2 and has been declared a pandemic by WHO. At present there is no therapy or vaccine available for handling COVID-19. Data obtained in China, Italy and South Korea show fewer children under 10 years of age are infected with COVID-19, and even if they have an infection they generally experience mild symptoms even without symptoms. Children get routine vaccinations and various infections. This seems to train the immune system of children so that it is more immune to COVID-19. MMR vaccination demonstrates partial preventive protection against COVID-19. This is due to several previous studies that measles vaccine provides protection against pathogens other than measles and also because of the similarity between the protein S in SARS-CoV-2 with protein F in Measles virus (measles) and protein E in Rubella virus (German measles). Prophylaxis is a way to prevent disease. This review will discuss the possibility of giving MMR vaccination as a protection against COVID-19. Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, prophylaxis, MMR Abstrak–COVID-19 merupakan infeksi yang dikarenakan SARS-CoV-2 dan telah dinyatakan sebagai pandemi oleh WHO. Saat ini belum didapatkan terapi maupun vaksin dalam menangani COVID-19. Data yang didapat di negara China, Itali dan Korea selatan menunjukkan anak-anak usia di bawah 10 tahun lebih sedikit yang terinfeksi COVID-19, dan kalaupun mengalami infeksi umumnya mengalami gejala ringan bahkan tanpa gejala. Anak-anak mendapatkan rutin vaksinasi dan berbagai infeksi. Hal ini nampaknya melatih sistem imun anak-anak sehingga lebih kebal terhadap COVID-19. Vaksinasi MMR menunjukkan perlindungan pencegahan parsial terhadap COVID-19. Hal ini dikarenakan beberapa penelitian sebelumnya bahwa vaksin campak memberikan perlindungan terhadap pathogen selain campak dan juga karena adanya kesamaan antara protein S SARS-CoV-2 dengan protein F pada virus Measles (campak) dan protein E pada virus Rubella (campak jerman). Profilaksis merupakan cara untuk mencegah penyakit. Review ini akan membahas mengenai kemungkinan pemberian vaksinasi MMR sebagai perlindungan terhadap COVID-19. Kata kunci: SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, profilaksis, MM

PENGARUH LINGKUNGAN KERJA DAN MOTIVASI KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN PADA PERUSAHAAN DAERAH AIR MINUM (PDAM) KABUPATEN BANTUL

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui : (1) Pengaruh lingkungan kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan PDAM Kabupaten Bantul, (2) Pengaruh motivasi kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan PDAM Kabupaten Bantul, (3) Pengaruh lingkungan kerja dan motivasi kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan PDAM Kabupaten Bantul. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian dengan menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah karyawan PDAM Kabupaten Bantul yang berjumlah 100 karyawan. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner dan wawancara sedangkan analisis data menggunakan analisis regresi berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa : (1) Lingkungan kerja berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan PDAM Kabupaten Bantul sebesar (β) 0,203 (*p<0.05; p=0,047), dengan kontribusi lingkungan kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan sebesar (∆R2) 0,039*; (2) Motivasi kerja berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan PDAM Kabupaten Bantul sebesar (β) 0,219 (*p<0.05; p=0,03), dengan kontribusi motivasi kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan sebesar (∆R2) 0,046*; (3) Lingkungan kerja (β) 0,227 (*p<0.05;p=0,023) dan motivasi kerja (β) 0,241 (*p<0.05; p=0,015) berpengaruh positif tehadap kinerja karyawan. Kontribusi lingkungan kerja dan motivasi kerja untuk menjelaskan kinerja karyawan PDAM Kabupaten Bantul sebesar (∆R2) 0,094*

CRYPTOCOCCAL ANTIGENEMIA IN HIV/AIDS PATIENTS USING LATERAL FLOW IMMUNOASSAY DETECTION AT Dr. SOETOMO GENERAL HOSPITAL SURABAYA

Cryptococcus infection in HIV / AIDS patients results in cryptococcal meningitis, a major cause of subacute meningitis with 100% mortality if not receiving appropriate antifungal therapy. An examination of cryptococcal antigen will provide risk information for patients who will experience cryptococcal meningitis. Better diagnosis in asymptomatic and symptomatic phases of cryptococcosis are key components to reduce morbidity and mortality. This study aims to determine the proportion of cryptococcal antigenemia in HIV / AIDS patients treated at Intermediate Treatment-Infectious Diseases Unit of Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya. Cryptococcal antigenemia was examined in HIV / AIDS patients with suspected Cryptococcus infection and CD4+ T cell lymphocyte count <200 cell /μl. The examination used a lateral flow assay diagnostic tool, a simple FDA(Food and Drug Administration)-approved immunochromatographic test system for detection of capsular polysccharide antigens of Cryptococcus species complex (Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii) in blood. This test meets all of the World Health Organization ASSURED criteria (affordable, sensitive, specific, user friendly, rapid/robust, equipment-free, and delivered). Sensitivity and specifiticy of this method from serum are both 100%. There were 3 positive cryptococcal antigenemia from 41 serum HIV / AIDS patients with suspected cryptococcus infection at Intermediate Treatment- Infectious Diseases Unit of Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya. All of these patients were male aged over 36 years, had CD4+ T cell lymphocytes <100 cell /μl and had never received antiretroviral therapy before. The proportion of cryptococcal antigenemia in HIV / AIDS patients with suspected Cryptococcus infection at Intermediate Treatment-Infectious Diseases Unit of Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya was 7.32%. Keywords: cryptococcal antigenemia, AIDS, HIV, Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabay

Depression, Anxiety and Stress among Dental Undergraduate Students: Prevalence, Stressors and Relieving Factors

Aim: To investigate the depression, anxiety and stress, stressors and relieving factors among dental students at Kulliyyah of Dentistry (KOD). Materials and methods:&nbsp; A cross-sectional study was conducted among 222 dental students. Their socio-demographic data, self-reported depression, anxiety and stress (DASS-21) scores, causes and relieving factors were collected using validated semi-structured pre-tested questionnaires. The data was analysed using percentages, chi-square test and Binary logistic regression tests with SPSS version 24. Results: The prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress was 41%, 68.9% and 34.2% respectively. Cross analysis showed that academic-related and laboratory or clinical related reasons were significantly associated with the depressive symptoms [(X2= 15.86, p&lt;0.0001) and (X2= 10.45, p=0.001) respectively] and stress symptoms [(X2= 19.95, p&lt;0.0001) and (X2= 6.11, p&lt;0.05) respectively] among dental student. Furthermore, the item ‘examination’ being the highest factor chosen in academic-related stressors. The response for stress-relieving factors was high for Islamic ritual prayer/spiritual activities (94.6%), sleeping (86.5%) and doing exercise/playing sports (76.1%), while ‘seeking professional help’ (19.8%) was the least. Conclusion: This study shows that depressive, anxiety and stress symptoms are prevalent among dental students. Islamic ritual prayer and involvement in spiritual related activities was found to be the most preferred way for students to relief stress. Hence, it is vital that the university continually evaluates the psychological health of the students, tailor preventive measures and spiritual related programs to help students to cope with stress