Making the implicit explicit: raising pragmatic awareness in trainee interpreters, using semi-authentic spontaneous discourse samples

Following the recent interest in the teaching of pragmatics and the recognition of its importance for both cross-cultural communication and new speakers of an additional language, the authors carried out an action research project to evaluate the effectiveness of a new approach to the teaching of pragmatics. This involved the use of semiauthentic discourse samples of New Zealand English to raise the pragmatic awareness of trainee interpreters in an undergraduate course taught by the first author. The researchers analysed qualitative data from learner blogs, written during instruction as part of the course requirements, for evidence that the learners noticed paralinguistic features used for pragmatic effect in conversations they overheard or took part in outside the classroom. The class teacher also kept a reflective journal recording her observations on learner progress and the usefulness of the materials. The researchers found there was a growth in the number of learners noticing pragmatic features during tuition, suggesting that the semiauthentic samples were effective as learning tools. Use of these samples also facilitated the noticing and discussion of cross-cultural differences and enabled more learner-centered methodology to be used

Empowering the apprentice academic: teaching writing at postgraduate level

Tertiary institutions offer a variety of provision for postgraduate students aimed at the development of academic writing skills. This article using a series of workshops and individual tutorials designed specifically for students engaged in writing theses and exegeses in certain discipline areas in a large New Zealand university. It outlines and reflects on the process of identifying and analysing relevant information for the design, content and on-going development of the workshops. This includes supervisors’ expectations, students’ needs and feedback, as well as the features of published texts and unpublished theses and exegeses. The post-workshop tutorial provision is underpinned by the two key principles of dialogue to assist clarity of expression, and encouragement for students to express their own voice. The experience gained from this work has led to the development of a discipline specific online paper for students in their first year of postgraduate study

Predation and nest success of forest birds in native and non-native habitat on Saipan, Mariana Islands

Summer 2005.Includes bibliographic references (pages 87-88).Covers not scanned.Print version deaccessioned 2020.The primary causes of extinctions and declines of birds on islands are predation by non-native mammals (e.g., rats and feral cats) and the removal or alteration of indigenous forests. The impact of various exotic predators and extreme modification and removal of native forest on Saipan on the nesting success of the native avifauna had not been examined. Thus, I undertook this research on the island of Saipan in 2003 and 2004 to: (i) quantify nest densities in native and non-native forest, (ii) assess nest survival and predation rates on nests in native and non-native forest, (iii) determine whether certain nest site characteristics made nests more vulnerable to predators, and (iv) identify predators of nests of target bird species. My target species were the Nightingale Reedwarbler (Acrocephalus luscinia; federally listed as endangered) and three of the more common forest species, the Golden White-eye (Cleptomis marchei), Bridled White-eye (Zosterops conspicillatus saypani) and Rufous Fantail (Rhipidura rufifrons saipanensis). The Golden White-eye is an endemic species, while the latter two are endemic subspecies. Nest densities were influenced by forest type in 2003, and by avian species, forest type, and sampling period in 2004. Daily nest survival rates varied by nest stage and species. For Bridled White-eye , daily survival rates differed by year, whereas daily survival rates were constant across years for Golden White-eyes and Rufous Fantails. In 2003, daily nest survival in all stages for Bridled White-eyes was similar to that of Golden White-eyes and Rufous Fantails. Survival estimates were higher for Golden White-eyes and Rufous Fantails than for Bridled White-eyes in the incubation and nestling stages in 2004. All predators identified by camera were avian, predominantly Micronesian Starlings (Aplonis opaca) and Collared Kingfishers (Halcyon chloris). Results from modeling the effect of nest site characteristics on daily nest survival rates were ambiguous, with much model selection uncertainty. However, there was weak evidence that higher numbers of nest support branches increased survival of Golden White-eye nests, while lower nest concealment (side cover) improved Bridled White-eye nest survival. These results were contrary to my predictions. No nest site variables that I measured appeared to affect Rufous Fantail daily nest survival rates. Although not a target species of this study, I incidentally found the first nests of the Micronesian Honeyeater (Myzomela saffordi rubratra) on Saipan. I report my descriptions of the nests, nestlings, and parental behavior in Chapter 2. Measured nests (n = 3) averaged 46.7 mm in cup diameter, 65.7 mm in outer diameter, 41.3 mm in cup height, and 55.3 mm in external nest height. Nesting materials were primarily vine tendrils and what appeared to be Casuarina equisetifolia needles. Nests, nest placement and adult bird behavior appeared similar to those reported for this species prior to its extirpation on Guam

Bibliographie der paläarktischen Ichneumoniden.

Die Publikation enthält eine Bibliographie der Veröffentlichungen über die Ichneumoniden der paläarktischen Region in alphabetischer Reihenfolge nach Autoren, Biographien der verstorbenen Wissenschaftler, die sich besonders mit paläarktischen Ichneumoniden befaßt haben, ein eingehendes Sachverzeichnis sowie Zufügungen und Korrekturen, die sich während des Druckes ergeben haben.The publication contains a bibliography of papers on the Ichneumon-flies of the palearctic region, arranged in alphabetical order after the authors' names, biographies of the deceased specialists of Ichneumonidae, a detailed index, additions and corrections

Spectral shaping of laser generated proton beams

The rapid progress in the field of laser particle acceleration has stimulated a debate about the promising perspectives of laser based ion beam sources. For a long time, the beams produced exhibited quasi-thermal spectra. Recent proof-of-principle experiments demonstrated that ion beams with narrow energy distribution can be generated from special target geometries. However, the achieved spectra were strongly limited in terms of monochromacity and reproducibility. We show that microstructured targets can be used to reliably produce protons with monoenergetic spectra above 2 MeV with less than 10% energy spread. Detailed investigations of the effects of laser ablation on the target resulted in a significant improvement of the reproducibility. Based on statistical analysis, we derive a scaling law between proton peak position and laser energy, underlining the suitability of this method for future applications. Both the quality of the spectra and the scaling law are well reproduced by numerical simulations

The Teaching of Pragmatics as Interpreter Training

Research undertaken in 2010 with an interpreting class at a New Zealand university showed that explicit teaching of pragmatic features of New Zealand English discourse helped develop the students’ awareness of the differences between the semantic meaning and the pragmatic purpose of an utterance. In this research project, the authors intended to test whether explicit classroom instruction of pragmatic features and these features’ impact on meaning through the use of recorded discourse samples would be effective, considering that explicit language instruction to language learners has been researched and was found to assist success (Kasper & Roever, 2004). In the classroom, teachers used samples of spontaneous New Zealand English discourse to identify and discuss the use of pragmatic features. In the project, the researchers also aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of classroom practice in teaching and learning pragmatics. The data for this research came from the interpreting students’ reflective blogs, 2 participant surveys, and the researcher–teacher’s weekly log

Integrated Management of European Cherry Fruit Fly Rhagoletis cerasi (L.): Situation in Switzerland and Europe

Abstract: The European cherry fruit fly, Rhagoletis cerasi (L.) (Diptera: Tephritidae), is a highly destructive pest. The low tolerance for damaged fruit requires preventive insecticide treatments for a marketable crop. The phase-out of old insecticides threatens cherry production throughout the European Union (EU). Consequently, new management techniques and tools are needed. With the increasing number of dwarf tree orchards covered against rain to avoid fruit splitting, crop netting has become a viable, cost-effective method of cherry fruit fly control. Recently, a biocontrol method using the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana has been developed for organic agriculture. However, for most situations, there is still a lack of efficient and environmentally sound insecticides to control this pest. This review summarizes the literature from over one hundred years of research on R. cerasi with focus on the biology and history of cherry fruit fly control as well as on antagonists and potential biocontrol organisms. We will present the situation of cherry fruit fly regulation in different European countries, give recommendations for cherry fruit fly control, show gaps in knowledge and identify future research opportunities

Estudos de efeitos não adiabáticos em dinâmica quântica

Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências Físicas e Matemáticas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Física, Florianópolis, 2017.Esta dissertação apresenta um estudo teórico dos efeitos não adiabáticos produzidos pela dinâmica quântica de uma partícula. Para realizar este estudo utilizamos um modelo físico arquétipo de uma partícula num sistema unidimensional de poços retangulares acoplados, por ser bastante conhecido e intuitivo. Além disso porque permite imediata generalização de seus resultados para sistemas físicos mais realistas. O método desenvolvido para este estudo é bastante versátil e de forma semelhante ele vem sendo utilizado em simulações de dinâmica molecular no estado excitado, onde um modelo atomístico tridimensional é utilizado para descrever sistemas nanoscópicos. A simplicidade do modelo físico abordado nesta dissertação permite uma visão clara e controlada dos efeitos quânticos não adiabáticos, sem interferências de outros efeitos. Podemos controlar o regime dinâmico -- quasi-estático, ressonante e ultra-rápido -- por meio de um parâmetro que controla o Hamiltoniano do sistema. É possível, portanto, fazer cálculos para testar a reversibilidade da dinâmica imposta ao sistema. Como uma aplicação deste estudo, calculamos a distribuição das flutuações de trabalho para processos cíclicos e verificamos a igualdade de Jarzynski (ou igualdade de Bochkov-Kuzovlev quântica) para um sistema em que a força varia não linearmente.Abstract : This dissertation presents a theoretical study of the non-adiabatic effects produced by the quantum dynamics of a particle. To perform this study we use an archetype physical model of a particle in a one-dimensional system of coupled rectangular wells, For being quite known and intuitive. In addition, because it allows immediate generalization of its results for Physicists. The method developed for this study is quite versatile and similarly it has been used in simulations of Dynamics in the excited state, where a three-dimensional atomistic model is used to describe Nanoscopic systems. The simplicity of the physical model addressed in this dissertation allows a clear and controlled view of the effects Non-adiabatic quantum, without interference from other effects. We can control the dynamic regime - quasi-static, resonant and ultra-fast - by means of a parameter that controls the Hamiltonian of the system. It is therefore possible to perform calculations to test reversibility of the dynamics imposed on the system. As an application of this study, we calculated the distribution of work fluctuations to cyclical processes and verified Jarzynski's equality (or quantum Bochkov-Kuzovlev equality) for a system in which force varies non-linearly