PENGARUH VARIABEL AIR BAKU DAN TARIF AIR DALAM KEPUTUSAN INVESTASI PROYEK KERJASAMA PEMERINTAH SWASTA SISTEM PENYEDIAAN AIR MINUM MAROS

Keterbatasan pendanaan pemerintah dalam pembangunan infrastruktur dalam sistem penyediaan air minum di Kabupaten Maros mendorong pelaksanaan proyek dengan skema Kerjasama Pemerintah Swasta (KPS). Proyek sistem penyediaan air minum Maros merupakan proyek KPS yang berdasarkan inisiasi pemerintah.Pemerintah melalui Bappenas menerbitkan buku KPS (PPP Book) tahunan untuk memberikan informasi yang dapat diandalkan kepada para investor yang tertarik dalam proyek-proyek KPS yang telah siap.Nilai utama dari buku ini adalah keakuratan informasi proyek-proyek dikategorikan sesuai dengan tahap kesiapan mereka. Dalam PPP Book tahun 2012, ada 3 proyek yang siap untuk ditawarkan, 26 proyek masuk kategori prioritas, dan 29 proyek disebut sebagai proyek potensial.Proyek Sistem Penyediaan Air Minum Maros ini sendiri termasuk ke dalam proyek yang telah ditender.Keputusan strategis investasi pada proyek infrastruktur sistem penyediaan air minum membutuhkan analisis yang mendalam.Hal ini terkait dengan karakteristik proyek infrastruktur yang sangat rentan terhadap ketidakpastian. Ketidakpastian proyek dapat membuat investor kurang tertarik terhadap proyek yang ditawarkan karena ketidakpastian proyek akan menentukan rugi atau untungnya suatu proyek.Sementara itu pihak swasta lebih berminat pada manfaat ekonomis suatu investasi.Studi ini ditujukan untuk mengetahui kelayakan finansial proyek KPS Air Minum Maros dengan memasukkan skenario ketidakpastian variabel air baku dan tarif air sehingga menghasilkan kurva investasi dengan pilihan sistem terbaik .\ud Kata Kunci : Kerjasama Pemerintah Swasta, Analisis Sensitivitas, Kurva Investasi, Aspek Keuanga

Knowledge on the Validity of the Hadith on Veil, the Obligation to Wear and Its Application in Social Life: A Case Study at UIN Alauddin Makassar

This study seeks to assess the impact of students' degree of comprehension on the veracity of the hadith on veil, the law governing its wearing, and its application in their social lives. This study is a mixed-methods approach, using a case study as the methodology to get a full grasp of a specific legal matter in order to generate more understanding on the issue of veil. The data were collected through interviews, literature studies and surveys. The results revealed that the respondents' knowledge on the authenticity of the hadith was modest, while their comprehension of the legislation governing the wearing of the veil ranged between a lack of understanding and a sufficient understanding, and their application in daily life was quite high. In addition, it was discovered that there were reasons that influenced their persistent usage of the veil, given their strong commitment to doing so. These considerations include the external supports, for example the support of friends, families, and communities. Supposedly, if the acceptance of new behavior is founded on information, awareness, and a good attitude, this kind of behavior will be persistent. If, on the other hand, a behavior is not founded on knowledge and awareness, it will be easily left out. This case study also found that there were factors other than knowledge that influenced female students in social applications to wear the veil, namely support from family, friends and organizations.In the future efforts are needed so that knowledge about the authenticity and content of hadith law regarding the veil can be increased. So that a person can strike a balance between the spirit of religion and his knowledge of the law governing the text's authenticity (hadith) and Islamic law

Effect of Vertical Drainage Material Variations In Clay Soil Against Settlement Due To Distributed Load

In the building construction, soil has a very important role, which it can acts as the support for building foundation or construction on it. In Indonesia itself, especially in the Klaten Pedan Troketon area has clay soil with a value of PI (Plasticity Index) of 50.20%, and low bearing capacity. To make clay soil have good bearing capacity, this research uses vertical drainage reinforcement with some variation of its material which are sand column, lime, mixture of sand and lime, sand above lime, and lime above sand. Objectives of this study to determine the value of the soil settlement with and without vertical drainage reinforcement. This test uses a box size of 100x40x40 cm which is given reinforcement of vertical drainage and without reinforcement then given a distributed load above the test box and installed with 3 dial to find out the settlement occurred From the test results obtained the largest settlement value occurs in variations that use sand column reinforcement with a settlement value of 5.15 mm, while the least settlement value occurs in variations that use columns containing lime with a value of 2.46 mm. While the variation of sand and lime combination the value obtained is not better than the soil without reinforcement. From these results it can be seen that reinforcement using lime material as a vertical drainage filler has the best reinforcement, because on variations using lime column strength can reduce the soil settlement

Pengujian Unjuk Kerja dan Pengukuran Parameter Motor Induksi Satu Fasa

Utilization of an induction motor as the main driver requires an adjustment to the load so that the appropriate application and no interference. Therefore it was examined by means of testing without a load, with load testing and testing by means of rotor withheld (blocked) until the rotational speed of 0. In this test the input voltage is adjusted gradually from 75 V, 125 V, 175 V and 220 V. in the first test with the testing without a load voltage of 75 V to 220 V there is an increase of motor current, motor power and motor speed (rpm). At a voltage of 220 V without a load test, the obtained data is a maximum of 0.85 Ampere current, power 162 Watt, while the rotational speed 2940 rpm. While the influence of the rotational speed of the motor torque in the second test with the same input voltage starting voltage of 75 V, and 10 Watt light load motor speed 1591 rpm while the torque is 0,130 Nm. However, in determining motor torque, motor power can affect a large torque of the motor. For the maximum torque of the motor is approximately 0,529 Nm. Later testing by means of a rotor on hold until rpm 0 for 3 to 4 seconds to determine the maximum current and maximum power corresponding input voltage starting from 75 V up to a maximum voltage of 220 V

Knowledge on the Validity of the Hadith on Veil, the Obligation to Wear and Its Application in Social Life: A Case Study at UIN Alauddin Makassar

This study seeks to assess the impact of students' degree of comprehension on the veracity of the hadith on veil, the law governing its wearing, and its application in their social lives. This study is a mixed-methods approach, using a case study as the methodology to get a full grasp of a specific legal matter in order to generate more understanding on the issue of veil. The data were collected through interviews, literature studies and surveys. The results revealed that the respondents' knowledge on the authenticity of the hadith was modest, while their comprehension of the legislation governing the wearing of the veil ranged between a lack of understanding and a sufficient understanding, and their application in daily life was quite high. In addition, it was discovered that there were reasons that influenced their persistent usage of the veil, given their strong commitment to doing so. These considerations include the external supports, for example the support of friends, families, and communities. Supposedly, if the acceptance of new behavior is founded on information, awareness, and a good attitude, this kind of behavior will be persistent. If, on the other hand, a behavior is not founded on knowledge and awareness, it will be easily left out. This case study also found that there were factors other than knowledge that influenced female students in social applications to wear the veil, namely support from family, friends and organizations.In the future efforts are needed so that knowledge about the authenticity and content of hadith law regarding the veil can be increased. So that a person can strike a balance between the spirit of religion and his knowledge of the law governing the text's authenticity (hadith) and Islamic law

Toward optimal implementation of cancer prevention and control programs in public health: A study protocol on mis-implementation

Abstract Background Much of the cancer burden in the USA is preventable, through application of existing knowledge. State-level funders and public health practitioners are in ideal positions to affect programs and policies related to cancer control. Mis-implementation refers to ending effective programs and policies prematurely or continuing ineffective ones. Greater attention to mis-implementation should lead to use of effective interventions and more efficient expenditure of resources, which in the long term, will lead to more positive cancer outcomes. Methods This is a three-phase study that takes a comprehensive approach, leading to the elucidation of tactics for addressing mis-implementation. Phase 1: We assess the extent to which mis-implementation is occurring among state cancer control programs in public health. This initial phase will involve a survey of 800 practitioners representing all states. The programs represented will span the full continuum of cancer control, from primary prevention to survivorship. Phase 2: Using data from phase 1 to identify organizations in which mis-implementation is particularly high or low, the team will conduct eight comparative case studies to get a richer understanding of mis-implementation and to understand contextual differences. These case studies will highlight lessons learned about mis-implementation and identify hypothesized drivers. Phase 3: Agent-based modeling will be used to identify dynamic interactions between individual capacity, organizational capacity, use of evidence, funding, and external factors driving mis-implementation. The team will then translate and disseminate findings from phases 1 to 3 to practitioners and practice-related stakeholders to support the reduction of mis-implementation. Discussion This study is innovative and significant because it will (1) be the first to refine and further develop reliable and valid measures of mis-implementation of public health programs; (2) bring together a strong, transdisciplinary team with significant expertise in practice-based research; (3) use agent-based modeling to address cancer control implementation; and (4) use a participatory, evidence-based, stakeholder-driven approach that will identify key leverage points for addressing mis-implementation among state public health programs. This research is expected to provide replicable computational simulation models that can identify leverage points and public health system dynamics to reduce mis-implementation in cancer control and may be of interest to other health areas

Molecular Basis of Increased Serum Resistance among Pulmonary Isolates of Non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae

Non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi), a common commensal of the human pharynx, is also an opportunistic pathogen if it becomes established in the lower respiratory tract (LRT). In comparison to colonizing isolates from the upper airway, LRT isolates, especially those associated with exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, have increased resistance to the complement- and antibody-dependent, bactericidal effect of serum. To define the molecular basis of this resistance, mutants constructed in a serum resistant strain using the mariner transposon were screened for loss of survival in normal human serum. The loci required for serum resistance contribute to the structure of the exposed surface of the bacterial outer membrane. These included loci involved in biosynthesis of the oligosaccharide component of lipooligosaccharide (LOS), and vacJ, which functions with an ABC transporter encoded by yrb genes in retrograde trafficking of phospholipids from the outer to inner leaflet of the cell envelope. Mutations in vacJ and yrb genes reduced the stability of the outer membrane and were associated with increased cell surface hyrophobicity and phospholipid content. Loss of serum resistance in vacJ and yrb mutants correlated with increased binding of natural immunoglobulin M in serum as well as anti-oligosaccharide mAbs. Expression of vacJ and the yrb genes was positively correlated with serum resistance among clinical isolates. Our findings suggest that NTHi adapts to inflammation encountered during infection of the LRT by modulation of its outer leaflet through increased expression of vacJ and yrb genes to minimize recognition by bactericidal anti-oligosaccharide antibodies

Nontypable Haemophilus influenzae Displays a Prevalent Surface Structure Molecular Pattern in Clinical Isolates

Non-typable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) is a Gram negative pathogen that causes acute respiratory infections and is associated with the progression of chronic respiratory diseases. Previous studies have established the existence of a remarkable genetic variability among NTHi strains. In this study we show that, in spite of a high level of genetic heterogeneity, NTHi clinical isolates display a prevalent molecular feature, which could confer fitness during infectious processes. A total of 111 non-isogenic NTHi strains from an identical number of patients, isolated in two distinct geographical locations in the same period of time, were used to analyse nine genes encoding bacterial surface molecules, and revealed the existence of one highly prevalent molecular pattern (lgtF+, lic2A+, lic1D+, lic3A+, lic3B+, siaA−, lic2C+, ompP5+, oapA+) displayed by 94.6% of isolates. Such a genetic profile was associated with a higher bacterial resistance to serum mediated killing and enhanced adherence to human respiratory epithelial cells

DNaseI Hypersensitivity and Ultraconservation Reveal Novel, Interdependent Long-Range Enhancers at the Complex Pax6 Cis-Regulatory Region

The PAX6 gene plays a crucial role in development of the eye, brain, olfactory system and endocrine pancreas. Consistent with its pleiotropic role the gene exhibits a complex developmental expression pattern which is subject to strict spatial, temporal and quantitative regulation. Control of expression depends on a large array of cis-elements residing in an extended genomic domain around the coding region of the gene. The minimal essential region required for proper regulation of this complex locus has been defined through analysis of human aniridia-associated breakpoints and YAC transgenic rescue studies of the mouse smalleye mutant. We have carried out a systematic DNase I hypersensitive site (HS) analysis across 200 kb of this critical region of mouse chromosome 2E3 to identify putative regulatory elements. Mapping the identified HSs onto a percent identity plot (PIP) shows many HSs correspond to recognisable genomic features such as evolutionarily conserved sequences, CpG islands and retrotransposon derived repeats. We then focussed on a region previously shown to contain essential long range cis-regulatory information, the Pax6 downstream regulatory region (DRR), allowing comparison of mouse HS data with previous human HS data for this region. Reporter transgenic mice for two of the HS sites, HS5 and HS6, show that they function as tissue specific regulatory elements. In addition we have characterised enhancer activity of an ultra-conserved cis-regulatory region located near Pax6, termed E60. All three cis-elements exhibit multiple spatio-temporal activities in the embryo that overlap between themselves and other elements in the locus. Using a deletion set of YAC reporter transgenic mice we demonstrate functional interdependence of the elements. Finally, we use the HS6 enhancer as a marker for the migration of precerebellar neuro-epithelium cells to the hindbrain precerebellar nuclei along the posterior and anterior extramural streams allowing visualisation of migratory defects in both pathways in Pax6(Sey/Sey) mice