CORE BIOPSY NO DIAGNÓSTICO PRÉ-OPERATÓRIO DE CÃES PORTADORES DE NÓDULOS CUTÂNEOS DE ORIGEM EPITELIAL

Skin tumors are the most common neoplasms in dogs and there are several classifications of them. This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of cut needle Super Core II® (14-ga x 9cm) in the histopathologic diagnosis of cutaneous nodules of epithelial origin in dogs when compared with the histopathologic findings of surgical specimens analyzed. A total of 32 skin nodes were histologically analyzed. The biopsy specimens and skin nodules were classified according to the World Health Organization (WHO) and there were 71,87% of nodes identified as neoplasms. To diagnose neoplasms, the core biopsy showed 85.2% sensitivity, 100% specificity, a positive predictive value of 100%, and a negative predictive value of 55.55%. The Fisher exact test showed p<0.0001 for the identification of neoplasms and malignant tumors, which confirms the concordance between the results obtained by both methods in the classification of tumors. Therefore, the biopsy is an effective method for the classification of cutaneous tumors of epithelial origin.As neoplasias cutâneas são as mais comuns em cães e são diversas as suas classificações. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a acurácia da agulha de corte Super Core II® (14-ga x 9cm) no diagnóstico histopatológico de nódulos cutâneos de origem epitelial em cães, quando comparada aos resultados histopatológicos das peças cirúrgicas analisadas. Foram analisados histologicamente 32 nódulos cutâneos. Os espécimes de biópsia e nódulos cutâneos foram classificados segundo a World Health Organization (WHO) e 71,87% dos nódulos foram identificados como neoplasias. A core biopsy mostrou sensibilidade de 85,2%, especificidade de 100%, valor preditivo positivo de 100% e valor preditivo negativo de 55,55% para o diagnóstico de neoplasias. O teste exato de Fisher revelou p<0,0001 para a identificação de neoplasias e de tumores malignos, confirmando que houve concordância dos resultados obtidos pelos dois métodos na classificação dos tumores. Sendo assim, esta biópsia é um método eficaz para a classificação de tumores cutâneos de origem epitelial

Crescimento e partição de massa seca em plantas jovens de amburana (Amburana cearensis (Fr. All.) AC Smith) e de umbuzeiro (Spondias tuberosa Arr. Cam.)

Amburana cearensis and Spondias tuberosa have physiological and morphological adaptations for the climate of caatinga biome and are under threat of extinction. The objective of this paper was to characterize the photoassimilate partition of Ambulana cearenses and Spondias tuberosa plants trying to understand the contribution of the root system to the maintenance of the initial growth of the plants. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design, with four evaluation intervals after the transplanting of the seedlings (60, 120, 180 and 240 days). The parameters analyzed were: plant height, stem diameter, length and width of leaf, number of leaves, leaf area, tuberous roots and dry mass. From the dry mass data and total leaf area, it was determined indices for the absolute growth rate (AGR), relative growth rate (RGR), net assimilation rate (NAR), leaf area ratio (LAR), specific leaf area (AFE), leaf weight ratio (RPF) and specific leaf weight (PEF). In both species, the photoassimilates partition indicates that the tuberous root is functioning as a high activity drain, til its formation, being guided by branches, secondary roots and leaves. For a large part of the growth parameters, the plants of Spondias tuberosa obtained significantly higher averages, thus resulting in greater growth and development than the seedlings of Amburana cearensis. It was concluded that the formation of the tuberous roots is the main drain for photoassimilates in the initial growth of the plants of both species.As espécies amburana (Amburana cearensis (Fr. All.) A. C. Smith) e o umbuzeiro (Spondias tuberosa Arr. Cam.) possuem adaptações fisiológicas e morfológicas às condições climáticas do bioma caatinga e atualmente estão sob ameaça de extinção. Objetivou-se com a realização deste trabalho caracterizar a partição de fotoassimilados das mudas de Amburana cearenses e Spondias tuberosa buscando compreender a contribuição do sistema radicular tuberoso para a manutenção do crescimento inicial das mesmas. O estudo foi realizado na Unidade Experimental Horto Florestal da UEFS, o experimento foi disposto em delineamento em blocos casualizados, com quatro intervalos de avaliação após o transplantio das mudas (DAT) (60; 120; 180 e 240 dias). Foram avaliados os parâmetros: altura da planta, diâmetro do caule, comprimento e largura de folha e raízes tuberosas, número de folhas, área foliar e massa seca. Com base nos dados de massa seca e área foliar, foram realizados os cálculos de taxa de crescimento absoluto (TCA), taxa de crescimento relativo (TCR), taxa assimilatória líquida (TAL), razão de área foliar (RAF), área foliar específica (AFE), razão de peso foliar (RPF) e peso específico da folha (PEF). Em ambas as espécies, a partição de fotoassimilados indica que inicialmente a raiz tuberosa funciona como um dreno de alta atividade, até a finalização da sua formação, seguindo de ramos, raízes secundárias e folhas. Para grande parte dos parâmetros de crescimento, as plantas de Spondias tuberosa obtiveram médias notoriamente mais altas, assim, consequentemente, obteve maior crescimento e desenvolvimento que as mudas de Amburana cearensis. Conclui-se que a formação das raízes tuberosas ocasiona interferência no crescimento inicial das plantas de ambas as espécies

MyD88 Signaling Pathway Is Involved in Renal Fibrosis by Favoring a T(H)2 Immune Response and Activating Alternative M2 Macrophages

Inflammation contributes to the pathogenesis of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Molecules released by the inflamed injured tissue\ud can activate toll-like receptors (TLRs), thereby modulating macrophage and CD4+ T-cell activity. We propose that in renal fibrogenesis,\ud M2 macrophages are recruited and activated in a T helper subset 2 cell (TH2)-prone inflammatory milieu in a MyD88-\ud dependent manner. Mice submitted to unilateral ureteral ligation (UUO) demonstrated an increase in macrophage infiltration with\ud collagen deposition after 7 d. Conversely, TLR2, TLR4 and MyD88 knockout (KO) mice had an improved renal function together with\ud diminished TH2 cytokine production and decreased fibrosis formation. Moreover, TLR2, TLR4 and MyD88 KO animals exhibited less M2\ud macrophage infiltration, namely interleukin (IL)-10+ and CD206+ CD11bhigh cells, at 7 d after surgery. We evaluated the role of a TH2\ud cytokine in this context, and observed that the absence of IL-4 was associated with better renal function, decreased IL-13 and TGF-\ud β levels, reduced arginase activity and a decrease in fibrosis formation when compared with IL-12 KO and wild-type (WT) animals.\ud Indeed, the better renal outcomes and the decreased fibrosis formation were restricted to the deficiency of IL-4 in the hematopoietic\ud compartment. Finally, macrophage depletion, rather than the absence of T cells, led to reduced lesions of the glomerular filtration\ud barrier and decreased collagen deposition. These results provide evidence that future therapeutic strategies against renal\ud fibrosis should be accompanied by the modulation of the M1:M2 and TH1:TH2 balance, as TH2 and M2 cells are predictive of fibrosis\ud toward mechanisms that are sensed by innate immune response and triggered in a MyD88-dependent pathway.Brazilian Foundation - FAPESP (Fundacao de Apoio a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo) [07/07139-3, 10/52180-4]Brazilian Foundation FAPESP (Fundacao de Apoio a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo)International Associated Laboratory (CNPq/Inserm)International Associated Laboratory (CNPq/Inserm)National Institute of Science and Technology (INCT)National Institute of Science and Technology (INCT

Erica: Prevalences Of Hypertension And Obesity In Brazilian Adolescents

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)To estimate the prevalence of arterial hypertension and obesity and the population attributable fraction of hypertension that is due to obesity in Brazilian adolescents. METHODS: Data from participants in the Brazilian Study of Cardiovascular Risks in Adolescents (ERICA), which was the first national school-based, cross-section study performed in Brazil were evaluated. The sample was divided into 32 geographical strata and clusters from 32 schools and classes, with regional and national representation. Obesity was classified using the body mass index according to age and sex. Arterial hypertension was defined when the average systolic or diastolic blood pressure was greater than or equal to the 95th percentile of the reference curve. Prevalences and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) of arterial hypertension and obesity, both on a national basis and in the macro-regions of Brazil, were estimated by sex and age group, as were the fractions of hypertension attributable to obesity in the population. RESULTS: We evaluated 73,399 students, 55.4% female, with an average age of 14.7 years (SD = 1.6). The prevalence of hypertension was 9.6% (95% CI 9.0-10.3); with the lowest being in the North, 8.4% (95% CI 7.7-9.2) and Northeast regions, 8.4% (95% CI 7.6-9.2), and the highest being in the South, 12.5% (95% CI 11.0-14.2). The prevalence of obesity was 8.4% (95% CI 7.9-8.9), which was lower in the North region and higher in the South region. The prevalences of arterial hypertension and obesity were higher in males. Obese adolescents presented a higher prevalence of hypertension, 28.4% (95% CI 25.5-31.2), than overweight adolescents, 15.4% (95% CI 17.0-13.8), or eutrophic adolescents, 6.3% (95% CI 5.6-7.0). The fraction of hypertension attributable to obesity was 17.8%. CONCLUSIONS: ERICA was the first nationally representative Brazilian study providing prevalence estimates of hypertension in adolescents. Regional and sex differences were observed. The study indicates that the control of obesity would lower the prevalence of hypertension among Brazilian adolescents by 1/5.501Brazilian Department of Science and Technology at the Secretariat of Science and TechnologyStrategic Inputs of the Ministry of Health (Departamento de Ciencia e Tecnologia da Secretaria de Ciencia e Tecnologia e Insumos Estrategicos do Ministerio da Saude - Decit/SCTIE/MS)Health Fund Sector (Fundo Setorial de Saude - CT-health) at the Ministry of science, Technology and Innovation (Ministerio da Ciencia, Tecnologia e Inovacao - MCTI)FINEP [01090421]CNPq [2010/565037-2]hospital research incentive fund for Clinics in Porto Alegre (fundo de incentivo a Pesquisa do Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre - HCPA) [405,009/FIPE-2012-7]Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq

Rationale, study design, and analysis plan of the Alveolar Recruitment for ARDS Trial (ART): Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Background: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is associated with high in-hospital mortality. Alveolar recruitment followed by ventilation at optimal titrated PEEP may reduce ventilator-induced lung injury and improve oxygenation in patients with ARDS, but the effects on mortality and other clinical outcomes remain unknown. This article reports the rationale, study design, and analysis plan of the Alveolar Recruitment for ARDS Trial (ART). Methods/Design: ART is a pragmatic, multicenter, randomized (concealed), controlled trial, which aims to determine if maximum stepwise alveolar recruitment associated with PEEP titration is able to increase 28-day survival in patients with ARDS compared to conventional treatment (ARDSNet strategy). We will enroll adult patients with ARDS of less than 72 h duration. The intervention group will receive an alveolar recruitment maneuver, with stepwise increases of PEEP achieving 45 cmH(2)O and peak pressure of 60 cmH2O, followed by ventilation with optimal PEEP titrated according to the static compliance of the respiratory system. In the control group, mechanical ventilation will follow a conventional protocol (ARDSNet). In both groups, we will use controlled volume mode with low tidal volumes (4 to 6 mL/kg of predicted body weight) and targeting plateau pressure <= 30 cmH2O. The primary outcome is 28-day survival, and the secondary outcomes are: length of ICU stay; length of hospital stay; pneumothorax requiring chest tube during first 7 days; barotrauma during first 7 days; mechanical ventilation-free days from days 1 to 28; ICU, in-hospital, and 6-month survival. ART is an event-guided trial planned to last until 520 events (deaths within 28 days) are observed. These events allow detection of a hazard ratio of 0.75, with 90% power and two-tailed type I error of 5%. All analysis will follow the intention-to-treat principle. Discussion: If the ART strategy with maximum recruitment and PEEP titration improves 28-day survival, this will represent a notable advance to the care of ARDS patients. Conversely, if the ART strategy is similar or inferior to the current evidence-based strategy (ARDSNet), this should also change current practice as many institutions routinely employ recruitment maneuvers and set PEEP levels according to some titration method.Hospital do Coracao (HCor) as part of the Program 'Hospitais de Excelencia a Servico do SUS (PROADI-SUS)'Brazilian Ministry of Healt

Cadernetas de saúde e trabalho: diários de professores de universidade pública

Este artigo tem como objetivo principal apresentar e analisar o instrumento de pesquisa designado como “cadernetas de saúde e trabalho”, com foco na produção de conhecimento sobre o trabalho de docentes de universidade pública. Trata-se de uma técnica de investigação de caráter qualitativo e participativo, adequada ao aprofundamento do estudo das relações entre a saúde e o trabalho, reavendo os locais de trabalho como lugares privilegiados de observações para o exercício de uma efetiva ação de defesa da saúde e a experiência do trabalho como matéria principal de análise. A qualidade especial das cadernetas como técnica de investigação refere-se ao papel protagonista atribuído ao trabalhador no processo de pesquisa, autor do diário e coparticipante do estudo. Participaram oito docentes pertencentes ao mesmo instituto de uma universidade federal de ensino superior (IFES), localizada no Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Quanto à análise dos materiais empíricos, procedentes das anotações das cadernetas e de encontro com os trabalhadores, adotou-se a técnica de análise temática, chegando-se a quatro categorias principais de discussão, a saber: o tempo de trabalho e as múltiplas atividades de trabalho do professor; precarização das condições de trabalho em universidades; saúde docente entre limites e cadernetas sob o olhar dos seus autores. No que concerne aos resultados, sobressaiu o tema alusivo à sobrecarga de trabalho e pressão do tempo para cumprimento de metas. Ao fim, considerou-se que as cadernetas de saúde e trabalho mostraram-se como ferramenta de pesquisa com potencial para se gerar conhecimento em perspectiva coletiva

A formação docente na perspectiva da inclusão: Científico

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP

ERICA: prevalências de hipertensão arterial e obesidade em adolescentes brasileiros

OBJECTIVE:To estimate the prevalence of arterial hypertension and obesity and the population attributable fraction of hypertension that is due to obesity in Brazilian adolescents. METHODS: Data from participants in the Brazilian Study of Cardiovascular Risks in Adolescents (ERICA), which was the first national school-based, cross-section study performed in Brazil were evaluated. The sample was divided into 32 geographical strata and clusters from 32 schools and classes, with regional and national representation. Obesity was classified using the body mass index according to age and sex. Arterial hypertension was defined when the average systolic or diastolic blood pressure was greater than or equal to the 95th percentile of the reference curve. Prevalences and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) of arterial hypertension and obesity, both on a national basis and in the macro-regions of Brazil, were estimated by sex and age group, as were the fractions of hypertension attributable to obesity in the population. RESULTS:We evaluated 73,399 students, 55.4% female, with an average age of 14.7 years (SD = 1.6). The prevalence of hypertension was 9.6% (95%CI 9.0-10.3); with the lowest being in the North, 8.4% (95%CI 7.7-9.2) and Northeast regions, 8.4% (95%CI 7.6-9.2), and the highest being in the South, 12.5% (95%CI 11.0-14.2). The prevalence of obesity was 8.4% (95%CI 7.9-8.9), which was lower in the North region and higher in the South region. The prevalences of arterial hypertension and obesity were higher in males. Obese adolescents presented a higher prevalence of hypertension, 28.4% (95%CI 25.5-31.2), than overweight adolescents, 15.4% (95%CI 17.0-13.8), or eutrophic adolescents, 6.3% (95%CI 5.6-7.0). The fraction of hypertension attributable to obesity was 17.8%. CONCLUSIONS:ERICA was the first nationally representative Brazilian study providing prevalence estimates of hypertension in adolescents. Regional and sex differences were observed. The study indicates that the control of obesity would lower the prevalence of hypertension among Brazilian adolescents by 1/5. DESCRIPTORS:Adolescent. Obesity, epidemiology. Hypertension, epidemiology. Cross-Sectional Studies.OBJETIVO: Estimar as prevalências de hipertensão arterial e obesidade e a fração atribuível populacional de hipertensão arterial devida à obesidade em adolescentes brasileiros. MÉTODOS: Foram avaliados dados dos participantes do Estudo de Riscos Cardiovasculares em Adolescentes, estudo seccional l nacional de base escolar. A amostra foi dividida em 32 estratos geográficos e conglomerados de escolas e turmas, com representatividade nacional, macrorregional e de capitais. Obesidade foi classificada pelo índice de massa corporal segundo idade e sexo. Considerou-se hipertensão arterial a média da pressão arterial sistólica ou diastólica maior ou igual ao percentil 95 da curva de referência. Foram estimadas prevalências e intervalos de confiança de 95% (IC95%) de hipertensão arterial e de obesidade, nacionais e nas macrorregiões do País, por sexo e grupo etário, assim como as frações de hipertensão atribuíveis à obesidade na população. RESULTADOS: Foram avaliados 73.399 estudantes, 55,4% do sexo feminino, com média de idade 14,7 anos (DP = 1,6). A prevalência de hipertensão arterial foi 9,6% (IC95% 9,0-10,3); sendo as mais baixas observadas nas regiões Norte, 8,4% (IC95% 7,7-9,2) e Nordeste, 8,4% (IC95% 7,6-9,2) e a mais alta na região Sul, 12,5% (IC95% 11,0-14,2). A prevalência de obesidade foi 8,4% (IC95% 7,9-8,9), mais baixa na região Norte e mais alta na Sul. As prevalências de hipertensão arterial e obesidade foram maiores no sexo masculino. Adolescentes com obesidade tiveram prevalência de hipertensão arterial mais elevada, 28,4% (IC95% 25,5-31,2), do que aqueles com sobrepeso, 15,4% (IC95% 13,8-17,0), ou eutróficos, 6,3% (IC95% 5,6-7,0). A fração de hipertensão arterial atribuível à obesidade foi de 17,8%. CONCLUSÕES: O ERICA foi o primeiro estudo brasileiro com representatividade nacional a estimar a prevalência de hipertensão arterial aferida em adolescentes. A fração da prevalência de hipertensão arterial atribuível à obesidade mostrou que cerca de 1/5 dos hipertensos poderiam não ser hipertensos se não fossem obesos. DESCRITORES: Adolescente. Obesidade, epidemiologia. Hipertensão, epidemiologia. Prevalência. Estudo Transversal

Correspondence: Wayne County, GA. - E. B. Rosser, James W. Poppel (Clerk of the Superior Court)

1 electronic document [PDF/A]. Includes TIFF and JP2 images. Digitized by the Digital Library of Georgia, September 2019.Correspondence, Wayne County, 1895. Handwritten Correspondence to E.B. Rosser, Atlanta Georgia with deed from the Brunswick Land and Lumber Company and deed to W.M. Scott. Wayne County, Georgia. November 30, 1895. 1 page

Complete genome sequence of the sugarcane nitrogen-fixing endophyte gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus PAL5

17 p. : il.Background: Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus Pal5 is an endophytic diazotrophic bacterium that lives in association with sugarcane plants. It has important biotechnological features such as nitrogen fixation, plant growth promotion, sugar metabolism pathways, secretion of organic acids, synthesis of auxin and the occurrence of bacteriocins. Results: Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus Pal5 is the third diazotrophic endophytic bacterium to be completely sequenced. Its genome is composed of a 3.9 Mb chromosome and 2 plasmids of 16.6 and 38.8 kb, respectively. We annotated 3,938 coding sequences which reveal several characteristics related to the endophytic lifestyle such as nitrogen fixation, plant growth promotion, sugar metabolism, transport systems, synthesis of auxin and the occurrence of bacteriocins. Genomic analysis identified a core component of 894 genes shared with phylogenetically related bacteria. Gene clusters for gum-like polysaccharide biosynthesis, tad pilus, quorum sensing, for modulation of plant growth by indole acetic acid and mechanisms involved in tolerance to acidic conditions were identified and may be related to the sugarcane endophytic and plant-growth promoting traits of G. diazotrophicus. An accessory component of at least 851 genes distributed in genome islands was identified, and was most likely acquired by horizontal gene transfer. This portion of the genome has likely contributed to adaptation to the plant habitat. Conclusion: The genome data offer an important resource of information that can be used to manipulate plant/bacterium interactions with the aim of improving sugarcane crop production and other biotechnological applications