Vegetable proteins and milk puddings

In recent years, interest in animal free foods has increased tremendously due to factors like BSE crisis, rise of nutritionally dependent illnesses, like diabetes type II, cardiovascular and digestive diseases, along with ethic orientations of denying animal intakes of any kind. The use of proteins from leguminous seeds as an alternative to the animal proteins in dairy desserts was studied. Lupin, pea and soya protein isolates were used in combination with k- carrageenan, gellan and xanthan gum, in order to obtain a synergistic effect. Milk puddings were also produced for comparison. Texture studies suggested that mixed protein /polysaccharide systems, with vegetable proteins and k- carrageenan or gellan gum, would be good systems to develop vegetable gelled desserts. Rheological oscillatory measurements were carried out to clarify the kinetics of gelation and characterise the microstructure of the best performing products. Results from time sweep tests showed that formulations with gellan gum present an industrial advantage over formulations with k-carrageenan, since the maturation time for gellan gels is of the order of 5 /10 h compared with 4 /6 days in the case of k-carrageenan. All the mixed gels presented the typical weak gel structure; therefore, it was possible to perform steady-state measurements, which allowed the observation of a shear-thinning behaviour for all gels

Increase in ghrelin levels after weight loss in obese Zucker rats is prevented by gastric banding.

Obes Surg. 2007 Dec;17(12):1599-607. Epub 2007 Nov 30. Increase in ghrelin levels after weight loss in obese Zucker rats is prevented by gastric banding. Monteiro MP, Ribeiro AH, Nunes AF, Sousa MM, Monteiro JD, Aguas AP, Cardoso MH. Department of Anatomy and UMIB (Unit for Multidisciplinary Biomedical Research) of ICBAS (Abel Salazar Institute for the Biomedical Sciences), University of Porto, 4099-003 Porto, Portugal. [email protected] Abstract BACKGROUND: Gastric banding is thought to decrease appetite in addition to the mechanical effects of food restriction, although this has been difficult to demonstrate in human studies. Our aim was to investigate the changes in orexigenic signals in the obese Zucker rat after gastric banding. METHODS: Obese Zucker rats (fa/fa) were submitted to gastric banding (GBP), sham gastric banding fed ad libitum (sham), or sham operation with food restriction, pair-fed to the gastric banding group (sham-PF). Lean Zucker rats (fa/+) were used as additional controls. Body weight and food intake were daily recorded for 21 days after surgery when epididymal fat was weighed and fasting ghrelin and hypothalamic NPY mRNA expression were measured. RESULTS: Gastric banding in obese Zucker rats resulted in a significant decrease of cumulative body weight gain and food intake. Furthermore, gastric banded rats were leaner than Sham-PF, as expressed by a significantly lower epididymal fat weight. Ghrelin levels of gastric banded rats were not increased when compared to sham-operated animals fed ad libitum and were significantly lower than the levels of weight matched sham-PF rats (1116.9 +/- 103.3 g GBP vs 963.2 +/- 54.3 g sham, 3,079.5 +/- 221.6 sham-PF and 2,969.9 +/- 150.9 g lean rats, p < 0.001); hypothalamic NPY mRNA expression was not increased in GBP when compared to sham-operated rats. CONCLUSION: In obese Zucker rats, GBP prevents the increase in orexigenic signals that occur during caloric deprivation. Our data support the hypothesis that sustained weight loss observed after gastric banding does not depend solely on food restriction

Bi-Signature optical spectroscopy for online fault detection in electrical machines

A novel bi-signature optical spectroscopy for fault detection in electrical machines is presented. The combined use of long period grating (LPG) and two fibre Bragg gratings (FBG1 and FBG2) is implemented to discriminate between vibration and temperature sensitivity in the detection of machine faults. With LPG having higher sensitivity to temperature compared to both FBGs, machine faults are detected through spectral analysis of both signatures; and the optimal detection signature for each fault is consequently analysed. This novel technique utilises the principle of a shift in the wavelengths of the gratings to determine the kind of fault present in an electrical machine as the signature spectroscopy reveals varying amount of Bragg wavelength shifts for various fault types. The use of FBG sensing for fault detection in electrical machines has the potential of revolutionising non-intrusive real-time condition monitoring of future industrial machines with high reliability due to zero electromagnetic interference (EMI) as well as significant low cost of fibre-optic sensors

Matrix Support And Institutional Support: Analyzing Their Construction

This is an analysis of the theoretical and practical construction of the methodology of Matrix Support by means of studies on Paideia Support (Institutional and Matrix Support), which is an inter-professional work of joint care in recent literature and official documents of the Unified Health System (SUS). An attempt was made to describe methodological concepts and strategies. A comparative analysis of Institutional Support and Matrix Support was also conducted using the epistemological framework of Field and Core Knowledge and Practices.201229238Campos, G., Equipes de referência e apoio especializado matricial: Um ensaio sobre a reorganização do trabalho em saúde (1999) Cien Saude Colet, 4 (2), pp. 393-403Campos, G., (2000) Um método Para análise E co-gestão De Coletivos, , São Paulo: HucitecCampos, G., (2003) Saúde Paidéia, , São Paulo: HucitecCampos, G., Cunha, G.T., Figueiredo, M.D., (2013) Práxis E formação Paideia: Apoio E cogestão Em saúde, , São Paulo: HucitecMinistério da Saúde (MS), Núcleo Técnico da Política Nacional de Humanização (2004) Humanizasus: A Clínica Ampliada, , Secretaria de Atenção à Saúde, 4ª ed, Brasília: Editora do Ministério da Saúde, BrasilBrasil. Ministério da Saúde (MS), (2004) Apoio Integrado à gestão Descentralizada Do SUS: Estratégia Para a qualificação Da gestão Descentralizada, , Secretaria Executiva. Departamento de Apoio à Descentralização, Brasília: Editora do Ministério da SaúdeBrasil. Ministério da Saúde (MS), (2009) Diretrizes Do NASF-Núcleo De Apoio a Saúde Da Família, , Brasília: Editora do Ministério da SaúdeBrasil. Ministério da Saúde (MS), (2011) Diretrizes Do Apoio Integrado Para a qualificação Da gestão E Da atenção No SUS, , Secretaria-Executiva, Brasília: MSOnocko Campos, R.T., Furtado, J.P., Narrativas: Utilização na pesquisa qualitativa em saúde (2008) Rev Saude Publica, 42 (6), pp. 1090-1096Brasil. Ministério da Saúde (MS), Cria os Núcleos de Apoio à Saúde da Família-NASF (2008) Diário Oficial Da União, , Portaria nº 154, de 24 de janeiro de 2008, 25 janCampos, G., Equipes de Referência e apoio especializado matricial: Um ensaio sobre a reorganização do trabalho em saúde (1999) Cien Saude Colet, 4 (2), pp. 393-403Domitti, A., (2006) Um possível diálogo Com a Teoria a Partir Das práticas De Apoio Especializado Matricial Na Atenção Básica De Saúde, , [tese]. Campinas: Universidade Estadual de CampinasColegiado De Gestão Da Saúde, , Campinas, As Diretrizes da Secretaria Municipal de Saúde-Gestão 2001-2004(2003) Programa Paidéia – Saúde Da Família: 2001-2004: Campinas, , Projeto Paideia de Saúde da Família. Campinas: Secretaria Municipal de Saúde, 2001Campinas, Campinas: Secretaria Municipal de SaúdeCampos, G., Domitti, A.C., Apoio Matricial e equipe de referência: Uma metodologia para gestão do trabalho interdisciplinar em saúde (2007) Cad Saude Publica, 23 (2), pp. 399-407Cunha, G.T., Campos, G., Apoio Matricial e Atenção Primária em Saúde (2011) Saúde E Sociedade, 20 (4), pp. 961-970Gonçalves, D.A., (2012) Prevalência De Transtornos Mentais Na Estratégia Saúde Da Família E avaliação De Um Modelo De capacitação Em Saúde Mental, , [tese], São Paulo: Universidade Federal de São PauloVingilis, E., Paquete-Warren, J., Kates, N., Crustolo, A., Greenslade, J., Newman, S., Descriptive and process evaluation of a shared primary care program (2007) The Internet Journal of Alleid Health Sciences and Practice, 5 (4)Kates, N., Craven, M., Collaborative Working Group of the College of Family Physicians of Canada, Canadian Psychiatric Association. Shared mental health care. Update from the Collaborative Working Group of the College of Family Physicians of Canada and the Canadian Psychiatric Association (2002) Can Fam Physician, 48, p. 936Pisco, L., Reforma da Atenção Primária em Portugal em duplo movimento: Unidades assistenciais autónomas de saúde familiar e gestão em agrupamentos de Centros de Saúde (2011) Cien Saude Colet, 16 (6), pp. 2841-2852Trindade, I., Teixeira, J., (2010) Psicologia Nos Cuidados De saúde primários, , Lisboa: ClimepsiGarcía-Talavera Espín, N.V., López-Ruiz, A., Nuñez Sánchez, M., Meoro Avilés, A., Sánchez Cañizares, C., Romero López-Reinoso, H., López Olivar, M.D., Soriano Palao, J., Collaborative Group of the Diabetes Unit of the Reina Sofía University Hospital Murcia, Spain. How to reduce avoidable admissions due to acute diabetes complications?: Interrelation between primary and specialized attention in a diabetes unit (2012) Nutr Hosp, 27 (6), pp. 2079-2088Starfield, B., William Pickles Lecture. Primary and specialty care interfaces: The imperative of disease continuity (2003) Br J Gen Pract, 53 (494), pp. 723-729Smith, S.M., Allwright, S., O’Dowd, T., Effectiveness of shared care across the interface between primary and specialty care in chronic disease management (2007) Cochrane Database Syst Rev, (3)Kelly, B.J., Perkins, D.A., Fuller, J.D., Parker, S.M., Shared care in mental illness: A rapid review to inform implementation (2011) Int J Ment Health Syst, 5, p. 31Bower, P., Gilbody, S., Richards, D., Fletcher, J., Sutton, A., Collaborative care for depression in primary care. Making sense of a complex intervention: Systematic review and meta-regression (2006) Br J Psychiatry, 189, pp. 484-493Foy, R., Hempel, S., Rubenstein, L., Suttorp, M., Seelig, M., Shanman, R., Shekelle, P.G., Meta-analysis: Effect of interactive communication between collaborating primary care physicians and specialists (2010) Ann Intern Med, 152 (4), pp. 247-258Campos, G., A mediação entre conhecimento e práticas sociais: A racionalidade da tecnologia leve, da práxis e da arte (2011) Cien Saude Colet, 16 (7), pp. 3033-3040Jameson, F.O., (1997) Marxismo Tardio Ou a persistência Da dialética. São Paulo, , Editora da Unesp, Boitempo EditorialOrganização Pan-Americana da Saúde (OPAS), (1964) Informe Dawson Sobre El Futuro De Los Servicios médicos Y Afines-1920, , Washington: OPAS, Publicacíon Científica, n. 93Campos, G., Campo e núcleo de conhecimentos e de responsabilidade (2007) Memórias De Um médico Sanitarista Que Virou Professor Enquanto Escrevia Sobre, pp. 117-118. , Campos GWS, organizador, São Paulo: HucitecCampos, G., Saúde pública e saúde coletiva: Campo e núcleo de saberes e práticas (2000) Cien Saude Colet, 5 (2), pp. 219-230Campos, G., Clínica e Saúde Coletiva compartilhadas: Teoria Paideia e reformulação ampliada do trabalho em saúde (2012) Organizador. Tratado De Saúde Coletiva, pp. 19-41. , Campos GWS, 2ª ed. São Paulo: Hucite

Characterization of the Burkholderia cenocepacia J2315 Surface-Exposed Immunoproteome

Infections by the Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc) remain seriously life threatening to cystic fibrosis (CF) patients, and no effective eradication is available. A vaccine to protect patients against Bcc infections is a highly attractive therapeutic option, but none is available. A strategy combining the bioinformatics identification of putative surface-exposed proteins with an experimental approach encompassing the “shaving” of surface-exposed proteins with trypsin followed by peptide identification by liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry is here reported. The methodology allowed the bioinformatics identification of 263 potentially surface-exposed proteins, 16 of them also experimentally identified by the “shaving” approach. Of the proteins identified, 143 have a high probability of containing B-cell epitopes that are surface-exposed. The immunogenicity of three of these proteins was demonstrated using serum samples from Bcc-infected CF patients and Western blotting, validating the usefulness of this methodology in identifying potentially immunogenic surface-exposed proteins that might be used for the development of Bcc-protective vaccines

Environmentally friendly homocoupling reaction of functionalized potassium aryl trifluoroborates salts in aqueous media

AbstractThe homocoupling reaction between potassium aryl trifluoroborates containing different functionalities promoted by a catalytic amount of Pd(OAc)2 is described. The methodology uses water as a solvent under aerobic conditions to give the corresponding biaryl compounds in good yields

Bioremediation of Polluted Waters Using Microorganisms

Water pollution is an issue of great concern worldwide, and it can be broadly divided into three main categories, that is, contamination by organic compounds, inorganic compounds (e.g., heavy metals), and microorganisms. In recent years, the number of research studies concerning the use of efficient processes to clean up and minimize the pollution of water bodies has been increasing. In this context, the use of bioremediation processes for the removal of toxic metals from aqueous solutions is gaining considerable attention. Bioremediation can be defined as the ability of certain biomolecules or types of biomass to bind and concentrate selected ions or other molecules present in aqueous solutions. Bioremediation using microorganisms shows great potential for future development due to its environmental compatibility and possible cost-effectiveness. A wide range of microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, yeasts, and algae, can act as biologically active methylators, which are able to at least modify toxic species. Many microbial detoxification processes involve the efflux or exclusion of metal ions from the cell, which in some cases can result in high local concentrations of metals at the cell surface, where they can react with biogenic ligands and precipitate. Although microorganisms cannot destroy metals, they can alter their chemical properties via a surprising array of mechanisms. The main purpose of this chapter is to provide an update on the recent literature concerning the strategies available for the remediation of metal-contaminated water bodies using microorganisms and to critically discuss their main advantages and weaknesses. The focus is on the heavy metals associated with environmental contamination, for instance, lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and chromium (Cr), which are potentially hazardous to ecosystems. The types of microorganisms that are used in bioremediation processes due to their natural capacity to biosorb toxic heavy metal ions are discussed in detail. This chapter summarizes existing knowledge on various aspects of the fundamentals and applications of bioremediation and critically reviews the obstacles to its commercial success and future perspectives

Use of selective insecticides to control the cotton leaf worm

O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar o efeito dos inseticidas seletivos: diflubenzuron, triclorfom, endossulfan e Bacillus thuringiesis, comparados ao padrão paration metílico, sobre Alabama argillacea (Hübner, 1818). O experimento foi instalado na Fazenda Varzinha, Iguatu, estado do Ceará, usando a cultivar de algodoeiro IAPAR 4 - PR 1. Os resultados mostraram que diflubenzuron (13 - g.p./ha), triclorfom (138 - 178 g.p.a./ha), endossulfan (394 g.p.a./ha) e Bacillus thuringiensis (14 - 21 g.p./ha) foram tão bons quanto o padrão paration metílico (187 g.p.a./ha) e apresentaram efeito residual maior.The objective of this work was to verify the effect of the selective insecticides: diflubenzuron, trichlorfon, endosulfan, and Bacillus thuringiensis, compared to the standard methyl parathion, on Alabama argilacea (Hübner, 1818). The experiment was conducted on the "Varzinha" farm, at Iguatu city, State of Ceará, Brazil, using the "IAPAR 4 PR 1" cotton variety. The results showed that diflubenzuron (13 - 15 gr. a.i./ha) trichlorfon (138 - 178 gr. a.i./ha), endosulfan (394 gr. a.i./ha) and Bacillus thuringiensis (14 - 21 gr.a.i./ha) were as good as the standard methyl parathion (187 gr.a.i./ha) and had a superior residual effect

Potential Exposure and Risk Associated with Metal Contamination in Foods

Humans require several trace elements as components of the diet. Some of these elements are required in extremely small quantities (only micrograms per day). On the other hand, in higher concentrations, some elements may also have deleterious, even lethal, effects. Metals such as arsenic, chromium (Cr), lead (Pb), and mercury (Hg) are naturally occurring chemical compounds. The contamination of food with these metals occurs mainly through human activities, such as farming and industry, or from contamination during food processing and storage. People can be exposed to these metals by ingesting contaminated food or water, and their accumulation in the body can lead to harmful effects over time. The main objective of this chapter is to provide a literature review on the various types of foodborne poisoning caused by the contamination of food with arsenic, Cr, Pb, and Hg and on food safety issues associated with the presence of these metals in food. Research findings from various studies carried out to examine the relationship between metal exposure and the adverse health effects of metals are addressed

Automatic lane detection in chromatography images

This paper proposes a method for automating the detection of lanes in Thin-Layer Chromatography images. Our approach includes a preprocessing step to detect the image region of interest, followed by background estimation and removal. This image is then projected onto the horizontal direction to integrate the information into a one-dimensional profile. A smoothing filter is applied to this profile and the outcome is the input of the lane detection process, which is performed in three phases. The first one aims at obtaining an initial set of candidate lanes that are further validated or removed in the second phase. The last phase is a refinement step that allows the inclusion of lanes that are not clearly distinguishable in the profile and that were not included in the initial set. The method was evaluated in 66 chromatography images and achieved values of recall, precision and F ß -measure of 97.0%, 99.4% and 98.2%, respectively