3D Object Recognition Based on Volumetric Representation Using Convolutional Neural Networks

Following the success of Convolutional Neural Networks on object recognition and image classification using 2D images; in this work the framework has been extended to process 3D data. However, many current systems require huge amount of computation cost for dealing with large amount of data. In this work, we introduce an efficient 3D volumetric representation for training and testing CNNs and we also build several datasets based on the volumetric representation of 3D digits, different rotations along the x, y and z axis are also taken into account. Unlike the normal volumetric representation, our datasets are much less memory usage. Finally, we introduce a model based on the combination of CNN models, the structure of the model is based on the classical LeNet. The accuracy result achieved is beyond the state of art and it can classify a 3D digit in around 9 ms

Radiographic Findings and Serological Tests for Diagnosis of Helicobacter Pylori Infection in Dyspeptic Patients

Abstract Background & aim: With different methods for diagnosing H. pylori infections the aim of this study was to compare barium swallows radiographic findings and serological tests for diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection in dyspeptic patients. Methods: In this analytic cross-sectional study, 60 patients with documented gastric or duodenal ulcer, referring to Yasuj Shahid Mofateh Clinic No.2 were randomly selected. For all patients, Serologic testing determining the Helicobacter pylori infection was performed using specific IgG antibody titer. Afterward, barium swallow radiograph was performed on all patients. The results of the diagnostic procedure was evaluated by the indices of sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, the percentage of false positives, the percentage of false negative and true accuracy with 95% confidence interval were analyzed. Results: From a total of 60 serological testing, 37 patients (61.6 %) had positive and 23 (39.4 percent) had negative results. Barium swallows radiography of 7 out of 60 patients (11.7 percent) was positive. Among patients with positive serology, 5 patients had positive and 2 patients had negative results. Barium swallows sensitivity and specificity of serological tests was estimated 13.5 and 91 percent respectively. Conclusion: According to the high specificity percent, barium swallow radiography method can be considered as a confirmatory method in the diagnosis of H. pylori infection. Key words: Helicobacter pylori, serology, barium swallow, specificity, sensitivit

EVALUATION OF LEUKOCYTE ESTERASE REAGENT STRIPS TEST IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF SPONTANEOUS BACTERIAL PERITONITIS IN CHILDREN WITH CIRRHOSIS

BACKGROUND: Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis is defined as an ascetic fluid infection without an evident intra-abdominal surgically treatable source. Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis is one of the severe complications in patients with cirrhosis and ascites. Without early antibiotic treatment, this complication is associated with high mortality rate; therefore, early diagnosis and treatment of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis is necessary for survival. Leukocyte esterase reagent can rapidly diagnose the spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to find out the diagnostic accuracy of leukocyte esterase dipstick test for the diagnosis of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. METHODS: A single centered hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted during July 2013 to August 2014 on children with cirrhotic liver disease and ascites who were admitted in the Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology in Nemazee Hospital affiliated to Shiraz University of Medical Sciences (Iran). All patients underwent abdominal paracentesis, and the ascitic fluid was processed for cell count, leukocyte esterase reagent strip test (Combiscreen SL10) and culture. Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis was defined as having a polymorphonuclear count (PMN >/=250/m3) in ascitic fluid. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of leukocyte esterase test were calculated according to the formula. RESULTS: Totally, 150 ascitic fluid sample of cirrhotic male patients (53.2) and their mean age (4.33+/-1.88 years) were analyzed. Biliary atresia (n=44, 29.4) and idiopathic neonatal hepatitis (n=29, 19.3) were the most frequent etiology of cirrhosis. Also, abdominal pain (68.6) and distension (64) were the most common presenting complaint. Of all cases, 41 patients (27.35) were diagnosed to have spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (PMN >/=250/mm3). Sensitivity and specificity of leukocyte esterase reagent test according to PMNs >/=250 mm3 were 87.80 and 91.74, also on ascitic fluid culture results were 88.23 and 77.44. Positive predictive value and negative predictive value of this test in PMNs >/=250 mm3 were 80 and 95.23 and in cases with positive culture 33.33 and 98.09 were obtained, respectively. Efficiency of leukocyte esterase reagent test in diagnosing spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, according to PMNs >/=250 mm3 and culture results were 90.66 and 78.66. CONCLUSION: The leukocyte esterase strip test may be used as rapid test for diagnosis of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis due to its high diagnostic validity