52 research outputs found
Direct imaging of extra-solar planets in star forming regions: Lessons learned from a false positive around IM Lup
Most exoplanet imagers consist of ground-based adaptive optics coronagraphic
cameras which are currently limited in contrast, sensitivity and astrometric
precision, but advantageously observe in the near-IR (1- 5{\mu}m). Because of
these practical limitations, our current observational aim at detecting and
characterizing planets puts heavy constraints on target selection, observing
strategies, data reduction, and follow-up. Most surveys so far have thus
targeted young systems (1-100Myr) to catch the putative remnant thermal
radiation of giant planets, which peaks in the near-IR. They also favor systems
in the solar neighborhood (d<80pc), which eases angular resolution requirements
but also ensures a good knowledge of the distance and proper motion, which are
critical to secure the planet status, and enable subsequent characterization.
Because of their youth, it is very tempting to target the nearby star forming
regions, which are typically twice as far as the bulk of objects usually combed
for planets by direct imaging. Probing these interesting reservoirs sets
additional constraints that we review in this paper by presenting the planet
search that we initiated in 2008 around the disk-bearing T Tauri star IM Lup
(Lupus star forming region, 140-190pc). We show and discuss why age
determination, the choice of evolutionary model for the central star and the
planet, precise knowledge of the host star proper motion, relative or absolute
astrometric accuracy, and patience are the key ingredients for exoplanet
searches around more distant young stars. Unfortunately, most of the time,
precision and perseverance are not paying off: we discovered a candidate
companion around IM Lup in 2008, which we report here to be an unbound
background object. We nevertheless review in details the lessons learned from
our endeavor, and additionally present the best detection limits ever
calculated for IM Lup.Comment: 8 pages, 3 figures, 3 tables, accepted to A&
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