The impacts of surface conditions on the vapor-liquid-solid growth of germanium nanowires on Si (100) substrate

The impacts of surface conditions on the growth of Ge nanowires on a Si (100) substrate are discussed in detail. On SiO2-terminated Si substrates, high-density Ge nanowires can be easily grown. However, on H-terminated Si substrates, growing Ge nanowires is more complex. The silicon migration and the formation of a native SiO2 overlayer on a catalyst surface retard the growth of Ge nanowires. After removing this overlayer in the HF solution, high-density and well-ordered Ge nanowires are grown. Ge nanowires cross vertically and form two sets of parallel nanowires. It is found that nanowires grew along ?110? direction

Impact of Sugar Cane Molasses to Concrete Strength and Concrete Retardation

The impacts of sugar cane molasses to the strength and retardation of concrete was investigated in this study. A total of 15 concrete cylinder of size 150mm diameter x 300mm Height with a mix ratio of 1:2:4 were cast with different percentages of sugar cane molasses replacing some proportion of water in the concrete mix. The concrete cylinder was prepared by reducing water by 10-20% with sugar cane molasses in the following percentage, 0.3% by weight of cement of molasses, 0.6% of molasses, 1.2% of molasses and 1.5% of Molasses. The concrete cylinder was cured, tested and the physical properties of concrete were determined. The slump values of the concrete increased by 10mm when the percentage of molasses increases. A decrease in compressive strength was noticed when the percentage of molasses increases. The highest final setting time of 240 minutes occurred at 1.50% of molasses. The increased in retardation of concrete was noticed when the percentages of molasses increases