Peran Kearifan Lokal Bahuma Batahutn terhadap Kondisi Lingkungan Masyarakat Suku Dayak

The environment that continues to experience quality degradation caused by human activities in fulfilling the necessities of life such as the fulfillment of food and board clothing requires that human beings have to sacrifice what is around it for that matter. The role of government and society is very important in maintaining environmental sustainability. For example by optimizing the role of local wisdom owned by the public like Bahuma Batahutn. Bahuma Batahutn is one way of environmental management wisely, owned by the Dayak people. This type of research is a type of qualitative research using ethnographic methods and research data obtained by using data collection techniques in the form of literature review, observation, and interviews related to local wisdom

Gambaran Perilaku Remaja Putri Pada Masa Pubertas Di Desa Tanjungrejo Grobogan

Puberty refers to when there is a reproductive ability, maturation of the reproductive organs is characterized by menstruation in girls. At the time problems arise due to changes in the physical and hormonal changes cause anxiety, denial and shame, the nature of these perceptions shape behavior. This study aims to know the description of the behavior of teenage girls at puberty in the village Tanjungrejo Grobogan. This research is descriptive exploratory study. Samples were 76 girls who have experienced menstruation in the village Tanjungrejo Grobogan. Results of the study are: (1) Feelings of young women in the face of first menstruation is feeling sad, embarrassed, anxious, worried, confused and afraid. The first person who told the mother, the culture surrounding menstruation is not to be washed when menstruating, use sanitary napkins to show all young women use sanitary napkins modern, behavior of adolescent girls against former bandage that has been used is to remove the bandage by first washing, wrapping and discarded in the trash , the amount of use of sanitary napkins pads 3 pieces a day, (2) The behavior of young women in the face of menstrual pain is to use pain relief medications that are sold freely in stores. (3) The behavior of young women in the face of acne showed mostly using acne medications that are sold freely in stores (4) The behavior of young women in the face of body odor is mostly teenage girls use deodorant (5) The behavior of young women in the face of changes in body shape shows some large felt like shape Penelitian ini adalah penelitian descriptive eksploratif. Sampel penelitian adalah 76 Remaja Putri yang sudah mengalami menstruasi di Desa Tanjungrejo Kabupaten Grobogan. Hasil penelitian adalah: (1) Perasaan remaja putri dalam menghadapi menstruasi pertama kali adalah merasa sedih, malu, gelisah, khawatir, bingung dan takut. Orang pertama yang diberitahu adalah ibu, budaya seputar menstruasi adalah tidak boleh keramas ketika menstruasi, penggunaan pembalut menunjukan semua remaja putri menggunakan pembalut modern, perilaku remaja putri terhadap bekas pembalut yang telah digunakan adalah membuang pembalut dengan terlebih dahulu mencuci, membungkus dan dibuang di tempat sampah, jumlah penggunaan pembalut sebanyak 3 buah pembalut sehari, (2) Perilaku remaja putri dalam menghadapi nyeri haid adalah menggunakan obat-obatan pereda nyeri yang dijual bebas di toko. (3) Perilaku remaja putri dalam menghadapi jerawat menunjukkan sebagian besar menggunakan obat jerawat yang dijual bebas di toko (4) Perilaku remaja putri dalam menghadapi bau badan adalah sebagian besar remaja putri menggunakan deodorant (5) Perilaku remaja putri dalam menghadapi perubahan bentuk tubuh menunjukkan sebagian besar merasa tidak menyukai bentuk tubuhnya

Biodiversitas dan Potensi Jamur Basidomycota di Kawasan Kasepuhan Cisungsang, Kabupaten Lebak, Banten

Biodiversitas jamur Basidiomycota di kawasan konservasi Taman Nasional Gunung Halimun Salak (TNGHS) yang terletak di Kabupaten Lebak, Provinsi Banten, belum pernah diteliti sebelumnya. Kawasan konservasi tersebut dihuni oleh masyarakat adat dari Kasepuhan Cisungsang, yang selama ini memanfaatkan jamur dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini mengeks-plorasi keanekaragaman jamur Basidiomycota dan pemanfaatannya oleh masyarakat adat Kasepuhan Cisungsang. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Maret-Mei 2016. Sebanyak 34 spesies dari 21 marga, 16 keluarga, dan 5 bangsa dari jamur Basidiomycota berhasil ditemukan di daerah sawah, pekarangan, kebun, talun atau dudukan, dan hutan. Tujuh marga yang ditemukan diketahui dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai sumber makanan, yaitu supa ceuli (Auricularia sp.); supa amis (Marasmiellus sp.); supa beas (Coprinus sp.); supa tiram (Pleurotus sp.); supa jerami (Volvariella sp.); suung tunggal (Termitomyce sp.); dan supa kebo (Boletus sp.). Data ini menunjukkan tingginya biodiversitas jamur Basidiomycota di daerah masyarakat adat wilayah ini dan potensinya sebagai sumber makanan

A new approach for solving systems of fractional differential equations via natural transform

In this paper, A new method proposed and coined by the authors as the natural variational iteration  transform method(NVITM) is utilized to solve linear and nonlinear systems of fractional differential equations. The new method is a combination of natural transform method and variational iteration method. The solutions of our modeled systems are calculated in the form of convergent power series with easily computable components. The numerical results shows that the approach is easy to implement and accurate when applied to various linear and nonlinear systems of fractional differential equations

Willingness to participate in future HIV prevention studies among gay and bisexual men in Scotland, UK: a challenge for intervention trials

This article examines willingness to participate in future HIV prevention research among gay and bisexual men in Scotland, UK. Anonymous, self-complete questionnaires and Orasure Gäó oral fluid samples were collected in commercial gay venues. 1,320 men were eligible for inclusion. 78.2% reported willingness to participate in future HIV prevention research; 64.6% for an HIV vaccine, 57.4% for a behaviour change study, and 53.0% for a rectal microbicide. In multivariate analysis, for HIV vaccine research, greater age, minority ethnicity, and not providing an oral fluid sample were associated with lower willingness; heterosexual orientation and not providing an oral fluid sample were for microbicides; higher education and greater HIV treatment optimism were for behaviour change. STI testing remained associated with being more willing to participate in microbicide research and frequent gay scene use remained associated with being more willing to participate in behaviour change research. Having an STI in the past 12 months remained significantly associated with being willing to participate in all three study types. There were no associations between sexual risk behaviour and willingness. Although most men expressed willingness to participate in future research, recruitment of high-risk men, who have the potential to benefit most, is likely to be more challenging

A novel prognostic two-gene signature for triple negative breast cancer

The absence of a robust risk stratification tool for triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) underlies imprecise and non-selective treatment of these patients with cytotoxic chemotherapy. This study aimed to interrogate transcriptomes of TNBC resected samples using next generation sequencing to identify novel biomarkers associated with disease outcomes. A subset of cases (n=112) from a large, well-characterized cohort of primary TNBC (n=333) were subjected to RNA-sequencing. Reads were aligned to the human reference genome (GRCH38.83) using the STAR aligner and gene expression quantified using HTSEQ. We identified genes associated with distant metastasis-free survival and breast cancer-specific survival by applying supervised artificial neural network analysis with gene selection to the RNA-sequencing data. The prognostic ability of these genes was validated using the Breast Cancer Gene-Expression Miner v4. 0 and Genotype 2 outcome datasets. Multivariate Cox regression analysis identified a prognostic gene signature that was independently associated with poor prognosis. Finally, we corroborated our results from the two-gene prognostic signature by their protein expression using immunohistochemistry. Artificial neural network identified two gene panels that strongly predicted distant metastasis-free survival and breast cancer-specific survival. Univariate Cox regression analysis of 21 genes common to both panels revealed that the expression level of eight genes was independently associated with poor prognosi

A whole slide image-based machine learning approach to predict ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) recurrence risk

© 2019 The Author(s). Background: Breast ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) represent approximately 20% of screen-detected breast cancers. The overall risk for DCIS patients treated with breast-conserving surgery stems almost exclusively from local recurrence. Although a mastectomy or adjuvant radiation can reduce recurrence risk, there are significant concerns regarding patient over-/under-treatment. Current clinicopathological markers are insufficient to accurately assess the recurrence risk. To address this issue, we developed a novel machine learning (ML) pipeline to predict risk of ipsilateral recurrence using digitized whole slide images (WSI) and clinicopathologic long-term outcome data from a retrospectively collected cohort of DCIS patients (n = 344) treated with lumpectomy at Nottingham University Hospital, UK. Methods: The cohort was split case-wise into training (n = 159, 31 with 10-year recurrence) and validation (n = 185, 26 with 10-year recurrence) sets. The sections from primary tumors were stained with H&E, then digitized and analyzed by the pipeline. In the first step, a classifier trained manually by pathologists was applied to digital slides to annotate the areas of stroma, normal/benign ducts, cancer ducts, dense lymphocyte region, and blood vessels. In the second step, a recurrence risk classifier was trained on eight select architectural and spatial organization tissue features from the annotated areas to predict recurrence risk. Results: The recurrence classifier significantly predicted the 10-year recurrence risk in the training [hazard ratio (HR) = 11.6; 95% confidence interval (CI) 5.3-25.3, accuracy (Acc) = 0.87, sensitivity (Sn) = 0.71, and specificity (Sp) = 0.91] and independent validation [HR = 6.39 (95% CI 3.0-13.8), p < 0.0001;Acc = 0.85, Sn = 0.5, Sp = 0.91] cohorts. Despite the limitations of our cohorts, and in some cases inferior sensitivity performance, our tool showed superior accuracy, specificity, positive predictive value, concordance, and hazard ratios relative to tested clinicopathological variables in predicting recurrences (p < 0.0001). Furthermore, it significantly identified patients that might benefit from additional therapy (validation cohort p = 0.0006). Conclusions: Our machine learning-based model fills an unmet clinical need for accurately predicting the recurrence risk for lumpectomy-treated DCIS patients

Prognostic significance of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast

Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) provide prognostic value in invasive breast cancer and guidelines for their assessment have been published. This study aims to evaluate: (a) methods of TILs assessment, and (b) their prognostic significance in breast ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). Hematoxylin and eosin sections from two clinically annotated DCIS cohorts; a training set (n = 150 pure DCIS) and a validation set (n = 666 comprising 534 pure DCIS and 132 cases wherein DCIS and invasive breast carcinoma were co-existent) were assessed. Seven different scoring methods were applied to the training set to identify the most optimal reproducible method associated with strongest prognostic value. Among different methods, TILs touching ducts' basement membrane or away from it by one lymphocyte cell thickness provided the strongest significant association with outcome and highest concordance rate [inter-cluster correlation coefficient = 0.95]. Assessment of periductal TILs at increasing distances from DCIS (0.2 , 0.5 , and 1 mm) as well as percent of stromal TILs were practically challenging and showed lower concordance rates than touching TILs. TILs hotspots and lymphoid follicles did not show prognostic significance. Within the pure DCIS validation set, dense TILs were associated with younger age, symptomatic presentation, larger size, higher nuclear grade, comedo necrosis and estrogen receptor negativity as well as shorter recurrence-free interval (p = 0.002). In multivariate survival analysis, dense TILs were independent predictor of shorter recurrence-free interval (p = 0.002) in patients treated with breast conservation. DCIS associated with invasive carcinoma showed denser TILs than pure DCIS (p = 9.0 × 10-13). Dense TILs is an independent prognostic variable in DCIS. Touching TILs provides a reproducible method for their assessment that can potentially be used to guide management

The role of the segmentation gene hairy in Tribolium

Hairy stripes in Tribolium are generated during blastoderm and germ band extension, but a direct role for Tc-h in trunk segmentation was not found. We have studied here several aspects of hairy function and expression in Tribolium, to further elucidate its role. First, we show that there is no functional redundancy with other hairy paralogues in Tribolium. Second, we cloned the hairy orthologue from Tribolium confusum and show that its expression mimics that of Tribolium castaneum, implying that stripe expression should be functional in some way. Third, we show that the dynamics of stripe formation in the growth zone is not compatible with an oscillatory mechanism comparable to the one driving the expression of hairy homologues in vertebrates. Fourth, we use parental RNAi experiments to study Tc-h function and we find that mandible and labium are particularly sensitive to loss of Tc-h, reminiscent of a pair-rule function in the head region. In addition, lack of Tc-h leads to cell death in the gnathal region at later embryonic stages, resulting in a detachment of the head. Cell death patterns are also altered in the midline. Finally, we have analysed the effect of Tc-h knockdown on two of the target genes of hairy in Drosophila, namely fushi tarazu and paired. We find that the trunk expression of Tc-h is required to regulate Tc-ftz, although Tc-ftz is itself also not required for trunk segmentation in Tribolium. Our results imply that there is considerable divergence in hairy function between Tribolium and Drosophila