Безвідходні технології переробки продуктів бджільництва (аналітичний огляд)

Aim. To review and analyze publications devoted to non-waste technologies for processing propolis and bee pollen.Materials and methods. The research material was foreign and domestic publications on processing bee products. The methods of information retrieval, analysis and generalization were used in the work.Results and discussion. The literature data on the development of technological methods for processing propolis and bee pollen have been presented. The technology of propolis purification from wax components and the optimal conditions for obtaining phenol fractions of propolis (hydrophilic and hydrophobic) have been considered. The non-waste technology for processing the raw propolis and the complex processing of bee pollen are represented on examples. The optimal parameters of the process for obtaining the enzyme substance from bee pollen and the feasibility of its use as a protein feed additive have been analyzed.Conclusions. A review of scientific publications on the development of non-waste technologies for processing bee products has been conducted. The analysis of the studies has shown that the production of medicines based on bee products remains an urgent area of modern pharmacy. A great contribution to the development of this problem was made by the work of O. I. Tikhonov scientific school on the integrated waste-free processing of the raw propolis and bee pollen in order to obtain standardized biologically active substances required for the creation and production of medicines.Цель работы. Целью работы является обзор и анализ публикаций, посвященных безотходным технологиям переработки прополиса и пыльцы цветочной.Материалы и методы. Материалом исследования были иностранные и отечественные публикации о переработке продуктов пчеловодства. В работе использованы методы информационного поиска, анализа и обобщения.Результаты и их обсуждение. Представлены данные литературы по разработке технологических методов переработки прополиса и пыльцы цветочной. Рассмотрена технология очистки прополиса от восковых компонентов и оптимальные условия получения из прополиса фенольных фракций – гидрофильной и гидрофобной. На примерах приведены безотходная технология переработки прополиса-сырца и комплексная переработка цветочной пыльцы. Проанализированы оптимальные параметры процесса получения ферментной субстанции из шрота пыльцы цветочной и целесообразность его использования в качестве белковой кормой добавки.Выводы. Проведен обзор научных публикаций, посвященных разработке безотходных технологий переработки продуктов пчеловодства. Анализ научных исследований показал, что получение лекарственных препаратов на основе продуктов пчеловодства остается актуальным направлением современной фармации. Большой вклад в развитие данной проблематики имели работы научной школы А. И. Тихонова по комплексной безотходной переработке прополиса-сырца и пыльцы цветочной с целью получения стандартизированных биологически активных субстанций, необходимых для создания и производства лекарственных препаратов.Мета роботи. Метою роботи є огляд і аналіз публікацій, присвячених безвідходним технологіям переробки прополісу та пилку квіткового.Матеріали та методи. Матеріалом дослідження були іноземні та вітчизняні публікації стосовно переробки продуктів бджільництва. У роботі використані методи інформаційного пошуку, аналізу та узагальнення.Результати та їх обговорення. Представлені дані літератури щодо розробки технологічних методів переробки прополісу та пилку квіткового. Розглянуто технологію очищення прополісу від воскових компонентів і оптимальні умови отримання з прополісу фенольних фракцій – гідрофільної та гідрофобної. На прикладах наведено безвідходну технологію переробки прополісу-сирцю і комплексну переробку квіткового пилку. Проаналізовані оптимальні параметри процесу отримання ферментної субстанції зі шроту пилку квіткового та  доцільність його використання як білкової кормової добавки.Висновки. Проведено огляд наукових публікацій, присвячених розробці безвідходних технологій переробки продуктів бджільництва. Аналіз наукових досліджень показав, що отримання апіпрепаратів залишається актуальним напрямком сучасної фармації. Вагомий внесок у розвиток даної проблематики зробили праці наукової школи О. І. Тихонова з комплексної безвідходної переробки прополісу-сирцю і пилку квіткового з метою отримання стандартизованих біологічно активних субстанцій, необхідних для створення і виробництва лікарських препаратів

Late results of embolization of a portal hepatic vein branches in patients, suffering extended hepatic tumors

Objective. To analyze late results of preoperative  embolization of the portal hepatic vein branches (EPHVB) in patients, suffering extended hepatic tumors and extremely border-like small calculated residual hepatic volume(CRHV). Маterials and methods. From 2004 to 2014 yr the extended hepatic resection (HER) was performed in 285 patients, to whom EPHVB was applied (the main group), аnd in 353 patients as well, but without endovascular preparation (control group). In both groups dynamics of laboratory indices, structure of complications and lethality, late survival were studied. Results. In the main group a trustworthily lower rate of an acute hepatic insufficiency and connected with a lower postoperative lethality - accordingly 2.3 and 4.6%, comparing with a control group - 9.3 and 8.8%, were suggested. The laboratory data dynamics have witnessed a lesser intensiveness of postoperative hepatocytolysis and lesser degree of the hepatic synthetic function lowering in the main group, what have confirmed a better functional adaptation of hepatic residual in patients, to whom preoperative EPHVB was applied. Conclusion. Preoperative EPHVB permits to lower the postoperative complications and lethality rate in patients, suffering hepatic tumors, due to better functional adaptation of hepatic residual

КРІ model impact on employee motivation and competitiveness of private healthcare facilities

The Constitution of Ukraine stipulates that an individual, his/her life, and health are the highest state social values. The authors highlighted that the health care system is the basis of social policy, national security, public health, and economic development. The current reformation of medical and legal reforms in Ukraine are fully covered by health legislation. In the context of these laws, the government promotes the development of private, communal, and state healthcare facilities

HHV-6B Induces IFN-Lambda1 Responses in Cord Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells through TLR9

Human herpesvirus type 6B (HHV-6B) is a strong inducer of IFN-alpha and has the capacity to promote Th1 responses and block Th2 responses in vitro. In this study we addressed whether inactivated HHV-6B can also induce IFN lambda responses and to what extent interferons alpha and lambda affect Th1/Th2 polarization. We show that inactivated HHV-6B induced IFN-lambda1 (IL-29) but not IFN-lambda2 (IL-28A) responses in plasmacytoid DC and that this induction was mediated through TLR9. We have previously shown that HHV-6B promotes Th1 responses and blocks Th2 responses in both humans and mice. We now show that neutralization of IFN-alpha but not IFN-lambda1 blocked the HHV-6B-induced enhancement of Th1 responses in MLR, but did not affect the HHV-6-induced dampening of Th2 responses. Similarly, blockage of TLR9 counteracted HHV-6Bs effects on the Th1/Th2 balance. In addition, IFN-alpha but not IFN-lambda1 promoted IFN-gamma production and blocked IL-5 and IL-13 production in purified CD4+ T-cells. The lack of effect of IFN-lambda1 correlated with the absence of the IFN-lambda receptor IL-28Ralfa chain on the cell surface of both resting and activated CD4+ T-cells. We conclude that inactivated HHV-6B is a strong inducer of IFN-lambda1 in plasmacytoid DC and that this induction is TLR9-dependent. However, human CD4+ T-cells do not express the IFN-lambda receptor and are refractory to IFN-lambda1 treatment. The HHV-6B-induced alterations in the Th1/Th2 balance are instead mediated mainly through TLR9 and IFN-alpha

Intracellular interferons in fish : a unique means to combat viral infection

Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Comparative analysis of the lambda-interferons IL-28A and IL-29 regarding their transcriptome and their antiviral properties against hepatitis C virus.

Specific differences in signaling and antiviral properties between the different Lambda-interferons, a novel group of interferons composed of IL-28A, IL-28B and IL-29, are currently unknown. This is the first study comparatively investigating the transcriptome and the antiviral properties of the Lambda-interferons IL-28A and IL-29. Expression studies were performed by microarray analysis, quantitative PCR (qPCR), reporter gene assays and immunoluminometric assays. Signaling was analyzed by Western blot. HCV replication was measured in Huh-7 cells expressing subgenomic HCV replicon. All hepatic cell lines investigated as well as primary hepatocytes expressed both IFN-λ receptor subunits IL-10R2 and IFN-λR1. Both, IL-28A and IL-29 activated STAT1 signaling. As revealed by microarray analysis, similar genes were induced by both cytokines in Huh-7 cells (IL-28A: 117 genes; IL-29: 111 genes), many of them playing a role in antiviral immunity. However, only IL-28A was able to significantly down-regulate gene expression (n = 272 down-regulated genes). Both cytokines significantly decreased HCV replication in Huh-7 cells. In comparison to liver biopsies of patients with non-viral liver disease, liver biopsies of patients with HCV showed significantly increased mRNA expression of IL-28A and IL-29. Moreover, IL-28A serum protein levels were elevated in HCV patients. In a murine model of viral hepatitis, IL-28 expression was significantly increased. IL-28A and IL-29 are up-regulated in HCV patients and are similarly effective in inducing antiviral genes and inhibiting HCV replication. In contrast to IL-29, IL-28A is a potent gene repressor. Both IFN-λs may have therapeutic potential in the treatment of chronic HCV

Течение коронавирусной пневмонии у подростка из очага инфекции

A new coronavirus infectionin children in most cases is easier than in adult patients, however, some cases are characterized by a protracted course and duration of the release of SARS-CoV-2 virus.The article presents own data monitoring of children with novel coronavirus infection with clinical case COVID-1 9- pneumonia, which appeared to slow reverse the development of infiltrative changes in the lungs according by the type of «frosted glass» on computed tomography on the background of the relief of clinical symptoms of pneumonia negative results of smears from the oropharynx and nasopharynx on the determining of RNA of SARS — Cov-2 by PCR and a positive serological response in the form of increase of IgG-antibodies to COVID-1 9 with negative IgM-antibodies.Новая коронавирусная инфекция COVID-1 9 у детей в большей части случаев протекает легче, чем у взрослых пациентов, однако некоторые случаи характеризуются затяжным течением, длительностью выделения вируса SARS-CoV-2.В статье представлены собственные данные наблюдения за детьми с новой коронавирусной инфекцией с описанием клинического случая COVID-19-пневмонии, особенностью которого явилось медленное обратное развитие инфильтративных изменений в легких по типу «матового стекла», по данным компьютерной томографии, на фоне купирования клинических симптомов пневмонии при отрицательных результатах анализов мазков из ротоглотки и носоглотки на определение РНК SARS- Cov-2 методом ПЦР и положительного серологического ответа в виде нарастания титра IgG-антител к COVID-19 при отрицательных IgM-антителах