Complex petrophysical correction in the adaptation of geological hydrodynamic models (on the example of Visean pool of Gondyrev oil field)

The authors review a method of combined porosity and volume density correction in the process of modeling the distribution of reservoir permeability. Basing on petrophysical investigations of core samples from Bashkir fold deposits, an association between rock porosity, density and permeability has been analyzed. Significant correlation has been observed for the above mentioned parameters in porous collectors in contrast to reduced correlation for dense rocks and intervals of anomalously high poroperm characteristics. For terrigene porous collectors the authors propose a model of permeability assessment based on combined porosity and density correction. A modified model was developed for Visean pool of Gondyrev oil field, where collector permeability had been calculated as a function of rock porosity and density. The modified model has been compared to the conventional one; significant differences have been detected. In the modified version maximum permeability is associated with the southern part of the pool, whereas the conventional method points out the central part and predicts lowering permeability closer to the periphery. Geological model in the modified version is more homogenous than the conventional one and has no sharp peaks and valleys.  The calculations have been made that reproduce the history of field development for both permeability volumes. Authors demonstrate that total oil production obtained using the modified model has a much better correlation with the actual data. The best results from using suggested method apply to the initial stage of development due to better convergence of high-rate wells. On the whole, comparison of two methods shows that for the purposes of production history adaptation the modified model is significantly better than the conventional one. Hence, the method of density correction allows for better justification of differences in the lithology of Visean collectors, which ultimately results in higher accuracy of data on residual oil reserves in the deposit

Dissipation rate of turbulent kinetic energy in stably stratified sheared flows

Over the years, the problem of dissipation rate of turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) in stable stratification remained unclear because of the practical impossibility to directly measure the process of dissipation that takes place at the smallest scales of turbulent motion. Poor representation of dissipation causes intolerable uncertainties in turbulence-closure theory and thus in modelling stably stratified turbulent flows. We obtain a theoretical solution to this problem for the whole range of stratifications from neutral to limiting stable; and validate it via (i) direct numerical simulation (DNS) immediately detecting the dissipation rate and (ii) indirect estimates of dissipation rate retrieved via the TKE budget equation from atmospheric measurements of other components of the TKE budget. The proposed formulation of dissipation rate will be of use in any turbulence-closure models employing the TKE budget equation and in problems requiring precise knowledge of the high-frequency part of turbulence spectra in atmospheric chemistry, aerosol science, and microphysics of clouds.</p

Tuberculosis. From control to the management of the epidemic process

Tuberculosis infection currently remains an extremely topical medical and social problem, due to the high incidence of the population, disability and death from this disease. The article presents the main trends of epidemiological indicators for tuberculosis in the Sverdlovsk Region from 2008-2016. It has been established that there is an unfavorable TB situation in the study area, despite the fact that the key indicators are decreasing each year, in comparison with the all-Russian ones they remain at a rather high level. The main directions of anti-tuberculosis work are also identified for monitoring and optimizing the management of the epidemic process in modern conditions.Туберкулезная инфекция в настоящее время остается крайне актуальной медико-социальной проблемой, что обусловлено высоким уровнем заболеваемости населения, инвалидности и смертности от этого заболевания. В статье представлены основные тенденции эпидемиологических показателей по туберкулезу на территории Свердловской области в 2008—2016 гг. Установлено, что на изучаемой территории сложилась неблагоприятная ситуация по туберкулезу: несмотря на то, что ключевые показатели ежегодно снижаются, в сравнении с общероссийскими они остаются на достаточно высоком уровне. Также определены основные направления противотуберкулезной работы для осуществления контроля и оптимизации управления эпидемическим процессом в современных условиях

Bulk Transfer Coefficients Estimated From Eddy-Covariance Measurements Over Lakes and Reservoirs

Peer reviewe

Efficacy and safety of netakimab therapy in patients with moderate to severe psoriasis in real clinical practice

Rationale. Data from randomized clinical trials (RCTs) may differ from the results of the efficacy and safety of medicines in the conditions of daily work. Purpose. To obtain data on the long-term efficacy and safety of the use of the genetically engineered biological drug netakimab in real clinical practice. Methods. In everyday clinical practice, a multicenter non-interventional observational study BCD-085-NIS-01 (ORION) was conducted, which involved 260 adult patients with moderate to severe psoriasis. Results. It was established that the survival rate of genetically engineered biological therapy of netakimab, when analyzing data of 104 weeks of observation, remains high both in bionaive patients and in persons who have previously received treatment for this dermatosis using monoclonal antibodies. The long-term safety profile of netakimab in real clinical practice is comparable to data previously obtained in RCTs and remains favorable for follow-ups up to 2 years. Conclusion. Therapy with GIBA netakimab using a standard dose of 120 mg and regimen in patients with psoriasis is effective and safe for 104 weeks

Pan-Eurasian Experiment (PEEX): Towards a holistic understanding of the feedbacks and interactions in the land-Atmosphere-ocean-society continuum in the northern Eurasian region

The northern Eurasian regions and Arctic Ocean will very likely undergo substantial changes during the next decades. The Arctic-boreal natural environments play a crucial role in the global climate via albedo change, carbon sources and sinks as well as atmospheric aerosol production from biogenic volatile organic compounds. Furthermore, it is expected that global trade activities, demographic movement, and use of natural resources will be increasing in the Arctic regions. There is a need for a novel research approach, which not only identifies and tackles the relevant multi-disciplinary research questions, but also is able to make a holistic system analysis of the expected feedbacks. In this paper, we introduce the research agenda of the Pan-Eurasian Experiment (PEEX), a multi-scale, multi-disciplinary and international program started in 2012 (https://www.atm.helsinki.fi/peex/). PEEX sets a research approach by which large-scale research topics are investigated from a system perspective and which aims to fill the key gaps in our understanding of the feedbacks and interactions between the land-Atmosphere-Aquatic-society continuum in the northern Eurasian region. We introduce here the state of the art for the key topics in the PEEX research agenda and present the future prospects of the research, which we see relevant in this context

Клинико-экономическая оценка эффективности и безопасности существующей практики проведения периоперационной антибиотикопрофилактики на оcнове фармакоэпидемиологического исследования в многопрофильных стационарах Санкт-Петербурга

A survey conducted in four hospitals located in the city of St. Petersburg revealed that the commonly used perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis (PAP) did not follow (in 88% of cases) the guidelines approved for national clinical practice.Aim. To perform a cost-effectiveness analysis of the commonly practiced PAP among patients with clean, clean-contaminated and contaminated surgical wounds in a multidisciplinary hospital.Materials and methods. The PAP cost-effectiveness analysis was performed using the data from a multicenter epidemiological survey and previously conducted studies. The Markov model was used to compare the effectiveness and safety of the commonly used PAP with that recommended by the clinical practice guidelines. The rate of surgical site infection (SSI) and antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) were chosen for the endpoints.Results. The costs associated with a single case of PAP according to the clinical practice guidelines was 3.5 times less than that associated with the PAP used in the common practice (RUB 4913,67 and 17837,71 respectively). The present analysis demonstrates that the PAP recommended by the clinical practice guidelines was more cost-effective as compared with the commonly practiced PAP.Conclusion. Regular epidemiological monitoring is required to improve effectiveness and safety of the existing PAP practice. Целью исследования является клинико-экономическая оценка эффективности и безопасности существующей практики назначения периоперационной антибиотикопрофилактики.Материалы и методы. На основании данных фармакоэпидемиологического исследования, проведенного в четырех многопрофильных стационарах г. Санкт-Петербурга, оценена реальная практика проведения периоперационной антибиотикопрофилактики (ПАП) инфекций области хирургического вмешательства (ИОХВ), которая в абсолютном большинстве случаев (88%) не соответствовала клиническим рекомендациям. Построена модель анализа решений относительно эффективности и безопасности ПАП в реальной практике в сравнении с ПАП в соответствии с клиническими рекомендациями. В качестве критериев эффективности выбраны частота ИОХВ и число случаев предотвращенной антибиотик-ассоциированной диареи (ААД). Проведен анализ «затраты-эффективность».Результаты. Стоимость одного случая ПАП, проведенной по протоколу, с учетом прямых и непрямых затрат меньше таковой, используемой в реальной практике, более чем в 3,5 раза (4913,67 руб. и 17837,71 руб., соответственно). Анализ «затраты-эффективность» показал, что стратегия применения ПАП по протоколу доминировала перед стратегией проведения ПАП в реальной практике: при меньших затратах она имела наибольший прирост эффективности.Выводы. Для оптимизации потребления АМП с целью ПАП в каждом стационаре необходим периодический фармакоэпидемиологический мониторинг существующей практики проведения ПАП. Соблюдение основных принципов ПАП наряду с мерами инфекционного контроля является одной из возможностей минимизировать затраты, связанные с ее неэффективностью.

Practical aspects of therapy for glutaric aciduria type 1

Treatment of many of the diseases in the panel of expanded newborn screening includes dietary therapy. Glutaric aciduria type 1 (GA1) is a hereditary disorder caused by mutations in the gene GCDH, encoding glutaryl‑CoA dehydrogenase, an enzyme in the amino acid metabolic pathways. The decreased activity of the enzyme leads to accumulation of neuro‑ toxic metabolites. The recommended treatment approaches for GA1 are the prescription of specialized nutrition products, levocarnitine, and symptomatic management. In 2021, clinical guidelines for the treatment of this rear disease were published in Russian Federation. To provide for the timely treatment, it is essential for a practitioner involved in the care patients with such a rare disorder as GA1 to have the knowledge of the principles of management, as well as practical algorithms for diet calculation.The article gives a detailed case‑based description of management during metabolic decompensation and the choice of dietary therapy for GA1 patients of different age groups

ВЛИЯНИЕ РАЗЛИЧНЫХ ЭНДОПРОТЕЗОВ НА СОСТОЯНИЕ ЯИЧКОВОГО КРОВОТОКА У ПАЦИЕНТОВ, ОПЕРИРОВАННЫХ ПО ПОВОДУ ПАХОВЫХ ГРЫЖ

The article analyzes the short-and long-term outcomes of 42 male patients operated on inguinal hernia with the aid of liechtenstein’s technique. The modern classification of inguinal hernias, proposed by nyhus, has been  used.  Widely used  prostheses "Esfil" ("linteks", St. Petersburg), and polypropylene implants  modified by a coating  of polyhydroxyalkanoates have been studied.It is proved that the frequency to the remote and some early stent-related complications as well as the  rate  of  change of  the  linear  velocity of  blood  flow  in the  vessels  of  the groin with the  help of   the  Doppler ultrasound (USDg) are affected by the  choice of the endoprosthesis. In this case,  the best  results were observed in the study group, where  the implants were used, modified by PgA-coating. В статье проанализированы ближайшие и отдаленные результаты лечения  42 пациентов-мужчин, оперированных по поводу  паховых грыж с помощью техники Лихтенштейна.  Использована современная классификация паховых грыж, предложенная nyhus. Изучены  широко  используемые протезы  «Эсфил»  («Линтекс»,  Санкт-Петербург),  а также  полипропиленовые эндопротезы, модифицированные покрытием из полигидроксиалканоатов. Доказано влияние выбора эндопротеза на частоту отдаленных, а также некоторых ранних  эндопротез-ассоциированных осложнений на  степень  изменения  скорости линейного кровотока в сосудах  паховой области с помощью метода  ультразвуковой допплерографии (УЗДГ). При этом лучшие  результаты наблюдались в исследуемой группе, где применялись эндопротезы, модифицированные ПГА-покрытием

Практические аспекты терапии при глутаровой ацидурии типа 1

Treatment of many of the diseases in the panel of expanded newborn screening includes dietary therapy. Glutaric aciduria type 1 (GA1) is a hereditary disorder caused by mutations in the gene GCDH, encoding glutaryl‑CoA dehydrogenase, an enzyme in the amino acid metabolic pathways. The decreased activity of the enzyme leads to accumulation of neuro‑ toxic metabolites. The recommended treatment approaches for GA1 are the prescription of specialized nutrition products, levocarnitine, and symptomatic management. In 2021, clinical guidelines for the treatment of this rear disease were published in Russian Federation. To provide for the timely treatment, it is essential for a practitioner involved in the care patients with such a rare disorder as GA1 to have the knowledge of the principles of management, as well as practical algorithms for diet calculation.The article gives a detailed case‑based description of management during metabolic decompensation and the choice of dietary therapy for GA1 patients of different age groups.Лечение многих болезней, входящих в программы расширенного неонатального скрининга, включает в себя диетотерапию. Глутаровая ацидурия 1‑го типа (ГА1) – наследственное заболевание, обусловленное мутациями в гене GCDH, кодирующем глутарил‑КоА‑дегидрогеназу, фермент, задействованный в метаболизме аминокислот. Снижение активности данного фермента приводит к накоплению в организме нейротоксичных метаболитов. При ГА1 рекомендовано назначение специализированных продуктов лечебного питания, левокарнитина и применение симптоматической терапии. В 2021 г. были опубликованы российские клинические рекомендации по лечению этого редкого заболевания. Врачу, который в своей практике сталкивается с таким редким заболеванием как ГА1, необходимо знать принципы лечения и практические алгоритмы расчета при назначении диетотерапии.В данной статье подробно на клинических примерах рассмотрены вопросы, касающиеся ведения в период метаболической декомпенсации и правильного подбора диетотерапии у пациентов разного возраста, страдающих ГА1