Numerical study of large-eddy breakup and its effect on the drag characteristics of boundary layers

The break-up of a field of eddies by a flat-plate obstacle embedded in a boundary layer is studied using numerical solutions to the two-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations. The flow is taken to be incompressible and unsteady. The flow field is initiated from rest. A train of eddies of predetermined size and strength are swept into the computational domain upstream of the plate. The undisturbed velocity profile is given by the Blasius solution. The disturbance vorticity generated at the plate and wall, plus that introduced with the eddies, mix with the background vorticity and is transported throughout the entire flow. All quantities are scaled by the plate length, the unidsturbed free-stream velocity, and the fluid kinematic viscosity. The Reynolds number is 1000, the Blasius boundary layer thickness is 2.0, and the plate is positioned a distance of 1.0 above the wall. The computational domain is four units high and sixteen units long

Influence of Different Energy-Proteins on Performance and Blood Hematological on Three Types of Local Chicken

Indonesia is rich in germplasm, including local chickens. Three types of superior local chickens are Sentul-Warso Chicken, Chicken Kampung-Unggul, and Chicken Local-Jimy. Chickens are relatively diverse growth and nutrient needs are also variations, especially energy and protein content. The research has been conducted at Test Farm cage, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, University of Padjadjaran, Sumedang, and West Java-Indonesia. The objective of the study was to determine the energy-protein requirements of the ration, which resulted in the highest production performance and optimal hematologic blood values in three types of local chickens (Sentul-Warso Chicken, Chicken Kampung-Unggul, and Chicken Local-Jimy). Research using experimental method in laboratory. The experimental design was a Completely Randomized Design, consisting of five treatment rations with different energy and protein levels and each repeated four times. The treatment consisted of: R1 = EM 2750 kcal / kg and PK 15%; R2 = EM 2750 kcal / kg and PK 17%; R3 = EM 2750 kcal / kg and PK 19%; R4 = EM 2950 kcal / kg and PK 15%; and R5 = EM 2950 kcal / kg and PK 17%. The data were analyzed by means of variation and the differences between treatments were tested with Duncan Multiple Range Test. The result showed that ration with metabolic energy content 2,750 kcal / kg and 17% crude protein resulted in optimal production and hematological blood value in local chicken. The performance of Chicken-Jimy's production is higher than Sentul-Warso chicken and the lowest Kampung-Unggul chicken. The hematological value of chicken blood is in the normal range

Observation-driven regression models for time series of counts

There are many situations in practice where one may encounter time series of counts. For example, one may require to analyse a time series of number of tourists or time series of number of patients for a particular disease mainly for the purpose of forecasting of a future count. The analysis of this type of time series of counts is, however, not adequately addressed in the literature. One of the main difficulties in analysing such a time series is the problem of modelling the autocorrelations of the count responses recorded sequentially. In this thesis, we first use an observation-driven correlation model for both stationary and non-stationary Poisson count data. When count responses are subject to overdispersion, one may use a time series of negative binomial counts to analyse such overdispersed and correlated data. There exists a random effects based parameter-driven approach to model this type of time series of negative binomial counts. This approach, however, has some pitfalls as it is difficult to interpret the correlations of observations through the correlations of the random effects. As a remedy, following McKenzie (1986, Adv. Appl. Probab.) we use an observationdriven correlation model to fit correlated negative binomial stationary data. Next we generalize this to the non-stationary data. As far as the estimation of parameters is concerned, we follow Sutradhar (2003, Statistical Science) and use a generalized quasilikelihood approach for the estimation of the associated regression parameter. The overdispersion and correlation parameters are estimated by using the well-known method of moments. This estimation approach yields consistent estimates for all parameters of the model. This consistency property is examined through a simulation study for stationary and non-stationary Poisson as well as negative binomial count data. The estimation method is illustrated by using a real life data that was earlier analyzed by Zeger (1988, Biometrika). We have also developed the formulae for forecasting a future count for the stationary Poisson and negative binomial time series. The performance of the forecasting functions is also examined through a simulation study

Peranan Badan Kepegawaian, Pendidikan dan Pelatihan Daerah (BKPPD) dalam Rekruitmen Pegawai Negeri Sipil di Kabupaten Luwu Timur

: The Research as a purpose to know the role of Board of Employment, Education and Training of Regional Services in Rekruitment of Official Servant process implementation the rekruitment of official servant in the East Luwu Regency and influence factors.The type of research is Qualitatif Deskriptive. The aggregation data techniques is primer data and secondary data. Primer data get of interviews intensive to ask the informant selection and direct observation, whereas secondary data get of reading books aggree with the research. Analysis data uses Qualitative Analysis techniques supported qualitative data get of method reduction data, display data, and conclusion.Result the research indicate the role of Board of Employment, Education and Training of Regional Services in Rekruitment of Official Servant on East Luwu Regency in the process start from planning through formation decision and notificate formation then implementation through registration phase, screening and satisfy the examiners till monitoring results rekruitment play role is good. And influences factor the role its in internal factors are the Human Resources and the time examination whereas external factor is Political Intervention

Aplikasi Sistem Informasi Gografis Untuk Pengembangan Kawasan Strategis Pariwisata Pantai Bilato Di Kabupaten Gorontalo (Geographic Information System Application for Strategic Tourism Development Areas of Bilato Beach in Gorontalo District)

- This study aims to create a concept or strategy for the development of Strategic Tourism Area of Bilato Beach located in Gorontalo Regency Gorontalo Province. The planning strategy for the development of Bilato Beach Strategic Area in this research is based on the questionnaire and interview method with the field survey. The results of the interview will be processed using SWOT analysis which further utilizes Geographic Information System (GIS) application with ArcGIS 10.1 device for mapping of tourism development of Bilato Beach. In the result of observation at research location and interview (questionnaire) processed with SWOT approach obtained information about research location, such as white sand along the coastal landscape with the calm sea (Strengths). It\u27s just that as a tourist attraction Bilato Beach has lack of adequate facilities, lack of government attention to the manager both in terms of financial aid and tourism publication (Weaknesses). In terms of Opportunities, Bilato Beach can be a source of income and business community, it is also supported by the terms of affordability/accessibility is quite easy. However, Bilato Beach as a tourist spot also has threats such as community activities and visitors that can be damage the natural habitat at the research location and also the many tourist attractions that make the competition in attracting the tourists. The conclusion of this SWOT analysis result is that Bilato Beach which has been designated as Tourism Strategic Area in Gorontalo Regency according to Province Regulation of Gorontalo Regency No. 4, 2011 still has many shortcomings in terms of tourism facilities and government attention in terms of publication. Keywords: tourism, strategic development, gis, swot analysis, bilato beach, Gorontal

Crossed Renal Ectopia Coexisting with Nephrolithiasis in a Young Nigerian Man

Introduction: Renal ectopia or ectopic kidney is a congenital anomaly in which one or both kidneys are located in an unusual position. It results from the kidney failing to ascend properly from its origin in the true pelvis.In some cases, one kidney may cross over (crossed renal ectopia) so that both kidneys are on the same side of the body. When a crossover occurs, the two kidneys may grow together and become fused (crossed fused renal ectopia). Renal ectopia is generally uncommon; its coexistencewith nephrolithiasis is even rarer. Due to its variable presentations, it is usually discovered incidentally, especially when investigating patients for abdominal pain. Treatment may be conservative when renal functionis preserved and no complication is associated.Case report: we highlight the unusual occurrence of renal ectopia with nephrolithiasis in a 34 year-old Nigerian businessman who presented to the renal clinic of our hospital with a three-month history of intermittentdull right flank pain radiating to the right groin. Physical examination revealed right lumbar tenderness without guarding. The rest of the examination was unremarkable. An abdominal ultrasound scan done revealed a linear calculus in the right renal collecting system but the leftkidney was not visualised. An intravenous urogram (IVU) showed a crossed ectopic kidney with nephrolithiasis. The patient was treated conservatively and his kidney function has remained stable.Conclusion: This case report describes the relatively uncommon finding of crossed renal ectopia associated with nephrolithiasis