Gene Regulation in Ruminants: A Nutritional Perspective

This chapter will focus on cellular regulatory programs implemented by the ruminant physiology in order to respond to external stimuli such as nutrition as well as important physiological events such as parturition. The increasing adoption of “omics” technologies and bioinformatics in nutrition and physiology in ruminant research have allowed us to delineate a clearer picture on what regulates major biological process at a molecular level such as milk synthesis and meat quality and fatty acid composition as well as pathological conditions such as ketosis, mastitis, and heat stress. The assembly of such plethora of information in a blend among nutritional research, molecular biology, and novel tools to study the response of the genome to nutrition has led to emerging disciplines such as nutritional genomics or “nutrigenomics.

Heavy Metal Ions Cu (II), Co (II) and Cr (III) Bifunctionally Improved with Hydroxamic and Amidoxime Groups Chelating Ion Exchangers

Two new types of bifunctional chelating ion exchangers on the basis of ethylacrylate acrylonitrile: divinylbenzene copolymers with hydroxamic acid and amidoxime groups have been evaluated for Cu(II), Co(II) and Cr(III)ions sorption from unbuffered diluted aqueous solutions. To model the retention and to compare the sorption capacity of bifunctional acrylic chelating sorbents for the tested cations the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm equations have been used. The Langmuir maximum sorption capacities for the sorbent of type A were determined to be 2.081, 1.423 and 1.384 mmole/g for Cu (II), Co (II) and Cr (III), respectively. The increase of cross- linking degree for the bifunctional chelating ion exchanger of type B resulted in the decrease of its sorption capacity toward heavy metal ions under study. The negative values of ΔG in all cases point to the spontaneous character of the sorption process. The kinetics of the Cu (II), Co (II) and Cr (III) sorption follows the Lagergren pseudo – first order model. The results are significant for the future development of the tested sorbents into beneficial materials for industrial and environmental applications

Economic Implications of Additive Manufacturing and the Contribution of MIS

This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from Springer at http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs12599-015-0374-4

Occipital transcranial direct current stimulation in episodic migraine patients: effect on cerebral perfusion

Cerebral blood flow differs between migraine patients and healthy controls during attack and the interictal period. This study compares the brain perfusion of episodic migraine patients and healthy controls and investigates the influence of anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over the occipital cortex. We included healthy adult controls and episodic migraineurs. After a 28-day baseline period and the baseline visit, migraine patients received daily active or sham anodal tDCS over the occipital lobe for 28 days. All participants underwent a MRI scan at baseline; migraineurs were also scanned shortly after the stimulation period and about five months later. At baseline, brain perfusion of migraine patients and controls differed in several areas; among the stimulated areas, perfusion was increased in the cuneus of healthy controls. At the first visit, the active tDCS group had an increased blood flow in regions processing visual stimuli and a decreased perfusion in other areas. Perfusion did not differ at the second follow-up visit. The lower perfusion level in migraineurs in the cuneus indicates a lower preactivation level. Anodal tDCS over the occipital cortex increases perfusion of several areas shortly after the stimulation period, but not 5 months later. An increase in the cortical preactivation level could mediate the transient reduction of the migraine frequency.Trial registration: NCT03237754 (registered at clincicaltrials.gov; full date of first trial registration: 03/08/2017)

Interfacial growth of HfOxNy gate dielectrics deposited using [(C2H5)2N]4Hf with O2 and NO

The interfacegrowth by oxygen diffusion has been investigated for 5 nm thick HfOxNy gate-quality dielectric films deposited on Si(100) by low-pressure pulsed metalorganic chemical vapor deposition.Analysis by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy of the films deposited using the precursor tetrakis (diethylamido) hafnium with O2 showed that the films contained 4 at.\u200a% nitrogen. This increased to 11 at.\u200a% N when NO was used as the oxidant. Significant growth of the interface layer was observed for films exposed to air at ambient temperature and lower rates of growth were observed for vacuum annealedfilms and those with the higher N content. For filmsannealed in O2 at temperatures in the range 600\u2013900\u200a\ub0C, the activation energies of the interfacial growth were 0.36 and 0.25 eV for N concentrations of 11 and 4 at.\u200a%, respectively. The results were interpreted in terms of atomic oxygen formation in the bulk and reaction at the interface. The increase in N incorporation from 4 to 11 at.\u200a% increases the crystallization temperature from between 500 and 600\u200a\ub0C to between 600 and 700\u200a\ub0C.NRC publication: Ye

Mass and charge identification of fragments detected with the Chimera Silicon-CsI(Tl) telescopes

Mass and charge identification of charged products detected with Silicon-CsI(Tl) telescopes of the Chimera apparatus is presented. An identification function, based on the Bethe-Bloch formula, is used to fit empirical correlation between Delta E and E ADC readings, in order to determine, event by event, the atomic and mass numbers of the detected charged reaction products prior to energy calibration.Comment: 24 pages, 7 .jpg figures, submitted to Nucl.Instr.

Разработка методического подхода к поддержке и анализу исполнения стандартов лечебно-диагностических процессов многопрофильного стационара

Standardization is one of the most important tools for ensuring the quality of medical care. The paper presents analysis results of a number of existing federal and regional standards that regulate the processes of providing medical care, which confirm the need and expediency of developing internal standards for diagnostic and treatment processes (DTP) in a medical institution. The authors also formulate requirements for their minimum content. The importance of the effective implementation of the developed internal DTP standards necessitates the development of a methodological approach to standard execution support and analysis.The approach presented in the article is methodically based on the use of modified operogrammes, which allow taking into account the DTP specifics and resource equipment of a particular medical institution. The authors propose key areas for standard execution support and possible forms of implementation in information systems, as well as basic directions for standard execution analysis with integral indicators for assessment of those standards.Approbation of the developed methodological approach was carried out on the example of the N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine in terms of DTP standard execution support and analysis in relation to ordering laboratory, instrumental tests and consultations at various stages of the patient treatment process. The results of the approbation confirmed that the introduction of the methodological approach increases the effectiveness of the implementation of the developed DTP standards in the activities of a medical institution, and also ensures the achievement of a number of important systemic management effects.Одним из важнейших инструментов обеспечения качества медицинской помощи является стандартизация. В работе представлены результаты анализа ряда действующих федеральных и региональных стандартов, регламентирующих процессы оказания медицинской помощи, которые подтверждают необходимость и целесообразность разработки внутренних стандартов лечебнодиагностических процессов (ЛДП) медицинского учреждения, авторами также сформулированы требования к их минимальному содержанию. Важность эффективного внедрения разрабатываемых внутренних стандартов ЛДП обусловливает необходимость разработки методического подхода к поддержке и анализу исполнения стандартов. Представленный в статье подход методически основывается на применении модифицированных оперограмм, которые позволяют учесть специфику и ресурсное оснащение ЛДП конкретного медицинского учреждения. Авторами предложены ключевые направления поддержки исполнения стандартов и возможные формы реализации в информационных системах, а также базовые направления анализа исполнения стандартов с интегральными показателями их оценки. Апробация разработанного методического подхода проведена на примере ЛДП ГБУЗ «НИИ СП им. Н.В. Склифосовского ДЗМ» в части поддержки и анализа исполнения стандартов ЛДП по назначениям лабораторных, инструментальных исследований и консультаций на различных этапах процессов лечения пациентов. Результаты апробации подтвердили, что применение данного методического подхода повышает эффективность внедрения разработанных стандартов ЛДП в деятельность медицинского учреждения, а также обеспечивает достижение ряда важных системных управленческих эффектов

Isospin-tracing: A probe of non-equilibrium in central heavy-ion collisions

Four different combinations of $^{96}_{44}$Ru and $^{96}_{40}$Zr nuclei, both as projectile and target, were investigated at the same bombarding energy of 400$A$ MeV using a $4 \pi$ detector. The degree of isospin mixing between projectile and target nucleons is mapped across a large portion of the phase space using two different isospin-tracer observables, the number of measured protons and the ${\rm t}/^{3}{\rm He}$ yield ratio. The experimental results show that the global equilibrium is not reached even in the most central collisions. Quantitative measures of stopping and mixing are extracted from the data. They are found to exhibit a quite strong sensitivity to the in-medium (n,n) cross section used in microscopic transport calculations.Comment: 4 pages RevTeX, 3 figures (ps files), submitted to Phys. Rev. Let

Ultrathin zirconium silicate films deposited on Si(100) using Zr(Oi-Pr)2(thd)2, Si(Ot-Bu)2(thd)2 and nitric oxide

Ultrathin Zr silicate films were deposited using Zr(Oi\uadPr)2(tetramethylheptanedione,thd)2, Si(Ot\uadBu)2(thd)2 and nitric oxide in a pulse-mode metallorganic chemical-vapor deposition apparatus with a liquid injection source. High resolution transmission electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and medium energy ion scattering were employed to investigate the structure, surface roughness, chemical state, and composition of the films. The nitric oxide used as oxidizing gas, instead of O2, not only reduced the thickness of the interfacial layer but also removed the carbon contamination effectively from the bulk of the films. The as-deposited Zr silicate films with a Si:Zr ratio of 1.3:1 were amorphous, with an amorphous interfacial layer 0.3-0.6 nm thick. After a spike anneal in oxygen and a 60 s nitrogen anneal at 850\ub0C, these films remained amorphous throughout without phase separation, but the interfacial layer increased in thickness. No evidence of Zr\uadC and Zr\uadSi bonds were found in the films by XPS and carbon concentrations <0.1\u2009atom%, the detection limit, were obtained. The hysteresis, fixed charge density, and leakage current determined from capacitance-voltage analysis improved significantly after postdeposition anneals at 850\ub0C and the films exhibited promising characteristics for deep submicrometer metal-oxide-semiconductor devices.NRC publication: Ye