271 research outputs found
Dynamic relaxation oscillations in a nonlinearly driven quartz crystal
We demonstrate thermo-mechanical relaxation oscillations in a strongly driven
quartz crystal. Dynamic bifurcation leads to two stable oscillation states with
a distinct electrical impedance. Slow Joule-heating, which shifts the
susceptibility of the crystal, provides a feedback that leads to
thermally-induced oscillations, in which the amplitude of the crystal is
modulated by a relaxation cycle. The frequency of the relaxation cycle is
roughly a million times lower than the resonance frequency of the crystal, and
it can be adjusted by the detuning from the critical point for dynamic
bifurcation. The experimental observations are reproduced by a simple model
that takes into account the slow dynamics of the system.Comment: Main text: 8 pages, 4 figures. Supplementary information: 4 pages, 3
figure
Randomized Rounding for the Largest Simplex Problem
The maximum volume -simplex problem asks to compute the -dimensional
simplex of maximum volume inside the convex hull of a given set of points
in . We give a deterministic approximation algorithm for this
problem which achieves an approximation ratio of . The problem
is known to be -hard to approximate within a factor of for
some constant . Our algorithm also gives a factor
approximation for the problem of finding the principal submatrix of
a rank positive semidefinite matrix with the largest determinant. We
achieve our approximation by rounding solutions to a generalization of the
-optimal design problem, or, equivalently, the dual of an appropriate
smallest enclosing ellipsoid problem. Our arguments give a short and simple
proof of a restricted invertibility principle for determinants
A Deformation of Sasakian Structure in the Presence of Torsion and Supergravity Solutions
We discuss a deformation of Sasakian structure in the presence of totally
skew-symmetric torsion by introducing odd dimensional manifolds whose metric
cones are K\"ahler with torsion. It is shown that such a geometry inherits
similar properties to those of Sasakian geometry. As an example of them, we
present an explicit expression of local metrics and see how Sasakian structure
is deformed by the presence of torsion. We also demonstrate that our example of
the metrics admits the existence of hidden symmetries described by non-trivial
odd-rank generalized closed conformal Killing-Yano tensors. Furthermore, using
these metrics as an {\it ansatz}, we construct exact solutions in five
dimensional minimal (un-)gauged supergravity and eleven dimensional
supergravity. Finally, we discuss the global structures of the solutions and
obtain regular metrics on compact manifolds in five dimensions, which give
natural generalizations of Sasaki--Einstein manifolds and
. We also discuss regular metrics on non-compact manifolds in eleven
dimensions.Comment: 38 pages, 1 table, v2: version to appear in Class. Quant. Gra
Colorimetry technique for scalable characterization of suspended graphene
Previous statistical studies on the mechanical properties of
chemical-vapor-deposited (CVD) suspended graphene membranes have been performed
by means of measuring individual devices or with techniques that affect the
material. Here, we present a colorimetry technique as a parallel, non-invasive,
and affordable way of characterizing suspended graphene devices. We exploit
Newton rings interference patterns to study the deformation of a double-layer
graphene drum 13.2 micrometer in diameter when a pressure step is applied. By
studying the time evolution of the deformation, we find that filling the drum
cavity with air is 2-5 times slower than when it is purged
A Method for Estimating the Current and Future Carbon Content of Standing Biomass Applied to Gishwati Forest Reserve, Rwanda
The carbon content of standing tree biomass was determined in the Gishwati Forest Reserve in north-western Rwanda and growth potential of the forest was estimated using a straightforward, generalisable model of natural forest regeneration. A survey was conducted on 2289 trees in plots throughout the reserve. Wood density data were obtained from literature and tree biomass was estimated using a recent pan-tropical allometric equation. A survey on United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) projects showed that current methods of growth rate projection for mixed, non-plantation forests might significantly overestimate the amount of carbon sequestered. The current study identified an alternative potential method for the estimation of sequestration rates that did not depend upon compiling single-species growth rates and reduced the risk that error would lead to significant over- or underestimation of total biomass sequestration potential. This method used remote-sensing data to estimate total biomass potential in a mature forest based upon local samples and assumes a standard growth trajectory based upon literature values. The benefits in terms of accuracy and ease of model construction are likely to be high. It was found that tree biomass in Gishwati forest contained 53.9 ± 10 CO2 equivalent(e) ha-1 and was expected to sequester an average of 1.01 (0.80–1.38) Mg CO2e ha-1 per annum over the next 30 years
Color Glass Condensate in Brane Models or Don't Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays Probe Scale ?
In a previous work hep-ph/0203165 we have studied propagation of relativistic
particles in the bulk for some of most popular brane models. Constraints have
been put on the parameter space of these models by calculating the time delay
due to propagation in the bulk of particles created during the interaction of
Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays with protons in the terrestrial atmosphere. The
question was however raised that probability of hard processes in which bulk
modes can be produced is small and consequently, the tiny flux of UHECRs can
not constrain brane models. Here we use Color Glass Condensate (CGC) model to
show that effects of extra dimensions are visible not only in hard processes
when the incoming particle hits a massive Kaluza-Klein mode but also through
the modification of soft/semi-hard parton distribution. At classical level, for
an observer in the CM frame of UHECR and atmospheric hadrons, color charge
sources are contracted to a thin sheet with a width inversely proportional to
the energy of the ultra energetic cosmic ray hadron and consequently they can
see an extra dimension with comparable size. Due to QCD interaction a short
life swarm of partons is produced in front of the sheet and its partons can
penetrate to the extra-dimension bulk. This reduces the effective density of
partons on the brane or in a classical view creates a delay in the arrival of
the most energetic particles if they are reflected back due to the warping of
the bulk. In CGC approximation the density of swarm at different distance from
the classical sheet can be related and therefore it is possible (at least
formally) to determine the relative fraction of partons in the bulk and on the
brane at different scales. Results of this work are also relevant to the test
of brane models in hadron colliders like LHC.Comment: 17 pages, 3 figures. Text is modified to highlight the relation
between the distribution gluons at high and low rapidity scales. v3:
published versio
Comparison of quinolone and β-lactam resistance among Escherichia coli strains isolated from urinary tract infections
The growing frequency of antibiotic resistances is now a universal problem. Increasing resistance to new generations of β-lactam and quinolone antibiotics in multidrug- resistant Enterobacteriaceae isolates is considered an emergency health issue worldwide. The aim of this study was to evaluate plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes in ESBL-producing Escherichia coli isolated from urinary tract infections (UTIs). In our study ESBL- producing isolates were assessed by screening methods. After determination of antimicrobial susceptibility, detection of ESBLs and quinolone resistance genes was performed. A total of 97 ESBL-producing E. coli were determined. The blaTEM, blaSHV and blaCTX-M genes were detected in 90 isolates. The blaTEM was the most frequent- ly detected gene (46.4), followed by blaSHV (31.9) and blaCTX-M (14.4). The most prevalent quinolone resistance gene among ESBL-producing isolates was oqxAB which found in 67 isolates (69.1). The frequencies of the aac(6�)-Ib-cr, qnr and qepA were 65 (67), 8 (8.2) and 6 (6.2), respectively. Our data indicate that the prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes in ESBL-positive isolates is increasing. The co-dissemination of PMQR and ESBL genes among E. coli isolates can be considered a threat to public health. Therefore, prescription of antibiotics against infectious disease should be managed carefully. © 2016, International Society of Musculoskeletal and Neuronal Interactions. All rights reserved
Closed conformal Killing-Yano tensor and geodesic integrability
Assuming the existence of a single rank-2 closed conformal Killing-Yano
tensor with a certain symmetry we show that there exist mutually commuting
rank-2 Killing tensors and Killing vectors. We also discuss the condition of
separation of variables for the geodesic Hamilton-Jacobi equations.Comment: 17 pages, no figure, LaTe
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