Mining Industrialization and Deagrarianization in Rural Community (a Case Study of Community Embalut and Bangunrejo, Tenggarong Seberang District, Kutai Kartanegara Regency, East Kalimantan)

East Kalimantan province has issued a mining license (IUP) reached 1,192 pieces, until August 2014. Kutai Kartanegara is a county that issued the largest IUP is 407 companies, which 218 companies have been involved in the production, while the remaining 189 are still in the exploratory stage. Embalut village and village Bangunrejo which become part of the administration Tenggarong Seberang Sub-District, Kutai Kartanegara, is a village that has more than 30 years was associated with the mining industry, PT. Kitadin. The results showed that: (1) the mining industrialization has changed the structure of land in the village Embalut and village Bangunrejo where land holdings in both villages have concentrated on coal mining companies. (2) mining Industrialization increasingly encourage people to work or livelihood in outside agriculture (deagrarianization). This study used qualitative methods, with in-depth interview techniques, group discussions, observation, and study of literature / documents

Construction, test and commissioning of the triple-GEM tracking detector for COMPASS

The Small Area Tracking system of the COMPASS experiment at CERN includes a set of 20 large area, fast position-sensitive Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM) detectors, designed to reliably operate in the harsh radiation environment of the experiment. We describe in detail the design, choice of materials, assembly procedures and quality controls used to manufacture the devices. The test procedure in the laboratory, the performance in test beams and in the initial commissioning phase in the experiment are presented and discussed

Kelimpahan dan Jenis Sampah Padat di Pesisir Pantai Wisata Pasir Putih, Manokwari.

Pantai Pasir Putih di Manokwari merupakan salah satu destinasi wisata yang mengalami permasalahan pencemaran lingkungan akibat akumulasi sampah padat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi kelimpahan dan jenis sampah padat yang terdapat di pesisir pantai tersebut, serta memberikan rekomendasi pengelolaan sampah yang efektif. Metode yang digunakan adalah survei lapangan dengan pengumpulan data langsung mengenai jenis, jumlah, dan berat sampah padat. Sampel sampah dikategorikan menjadi plastik, styrofoam, kaca, dan kaleng. Data dianalisis untuk menentukan jumlah potongan sampah per meter persegi, berat sampah per meter persegi, serta proporsi relatif masing-masing jenis sampah terhadap total sampah yang ditemukan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sampah plastik mendominasi dengan jumlah potongan sebanyak 475 item dan berat total 8,91 kg, yang merepresentasikan 92,23% dari total jumlah potongan sampah dan 76,81% dari total berat sampah. Styrofoam ditemukan sebanyak 16 potongan dengan berat 1,2 kg, kaca sebanyak 9 potongan dengan berat 0,88 kg, dan kaleng sebanyak 15 potongan dengan berat 0,61 kg. Meskipun jumlah styrofoam relatif kecil, berat relatifnya cukup signifikan yaitu 10,34% dari total berat sampah

Pengaruh Sedimentasi terhadap Tutupan Terumbu Karang di Perairan Arfai, Manokwari Indonesia

Sedimentation adversely affects corals by impeding recruitment, hindering growth, and inducing stress, ultimately leading to degradation. This study aims to ascertain the correlation between sedimentation and coral cover. Five stations were sampled in Arfai waters in May 2023, with sedimentation rates measured using traps over 14 days. Coral reef conditions were assessed via the Point Intercept Transect (PIT) method, revealing a 'good' coral cover of 51%, dominated by Acropora submassive (ACS), Acropora branching (ACB), and Coral branching (CB). Sedimentation rates ranged from 6.26 to 33.92 mg/cm²/day, with impacts categorized from mild to moderate and moderate to heavy. Analysis confirms sedimentation's influence on coral reef life. Despite its significance for management strategies, long-term studies tracking coral reef structure and function in response to sediment influx are lacking. Further research on coral reef recovery post-sediment exposure is imperative.  Sedimentasi memengaruhi karang dengan menghambat rekruitmen, menghambat pertumbuhan, dan menyebabkan stres, yang akhirnya menyebabkan degradasi. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara sedimentasi dan tutupan karang. Lima stasiun diambil sampelnya di perairan Arfai pada Mei 2023, dengan tingkat sedimentasi diukur menggunakan perangkap selama 14 hari. Kondisi terumbu karang dinilai melalui metode Point Intercept Transect (PIT), yang mengungkapkan tutupan karang 'baik' sebesar 51%, didominasi oleh Acropora submassive (ACS), Acropora branching (ACB), dan Coral branching (CB). Tingkat sedimentasi berkisar dari 6,26 hingga 33,92 mg/cm²/hari, dengan dampak yang dikategorikan dari ringan hingga sedang dan sedang hingga berat. Analisis menegaskan pengaruh sedimentasi terhadap kehidupan terumbu karang. Meskipun penting untuk strategi pengelolaan, studi jangka panjang yang melacak struktur dan fungsi terumbu karang dalam menanggapi masukan sedimen masih kurang. Penelitian lebih lanjut tentang pemulihan terumbu karang setelah paparan sedimen sangat penting

Basal Cell Adenoma‑Clinicopathological, Immunohistochemical Analysis and Surgical Considerations of a Rare Salivary Gland Tumor with Review of Literature

Introduction: Basal cell adenoma (BCA) of the salivary glands is a rare benign salivary gland tumour. Differentiation of BCA from varied entities involving maxillofacial area is mandatory. Aim: To analyze the clinicopathological, histopathologic features, immunohistochemcal analysis and surgical considerations of this rare entity. Materials and Methods: This study included 12 cases of BCA from archives of department reported over the period of 13 years. All the pertaining clinicopathologic features such as incidence, age, sex and site of lesions were assessed. Tissue sections were stained by using panel of immunohistochemical markers, i.e. Pan CK, CK 5/6 and S100, Calponin, p63, CD 117 and smooth muscle actin. Results: BCA was observed in 26-52 years age group (mean age, 38.75 years) with female propensity of 7:5 male to female ratio. It is seen more commonly in parotid gland, followed by upper lip, buccal mucosa and palate. Solid type is the most common histopathologic type followed by tubular, membranous and trabecular. Only one case of membranous type of BCA showed recurrence. Pan CK, CK 5/6 showed strong immunoreactivity, calponin showed moderate staining, p63 and Ki‑67 mild staining, whereas CD 117 and SMA showed negative immunostaining. Conclusion: Vigilant comprehensive analysis of all the pertaining clinicopathologic and histopathologic features and immunohistochemical analysis are required for differentiating from other lesions with basaloid differentiation having varying prognosis.Keywords: Basal cell adenoma, basal cell adenocarcinoma, monomorphic adenom

Risk factors for hemorrhagic cystitis after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in a letermovir-exposed CMV-free population receiving PTCy

Hemorrhagic cystitis (HC) is a highly impacting complication in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), occurring in 12%–37% of patients. The impact of transplant- and patient-specific variables has been described, with a possible role for JCV and BKV, which may be cooperating with cytomegalovirus (CMV). Here, we analyze 134 letermovir-exposed, CMV-free patients, treated with the same cyclophosphamide-based graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis, describing risk factors for HC. The overall incidence of HC was 23%. Patients with HLA mismatched transplant, higher comorbidity score, and receiving three alkylating agents with TBF (thiotepa, busulfan, and fludarabine) conditioning regimen had a higher risk of HC in multivariate analysis (OR: 4.48, 6.32, and 1.32, respectively). A HC-score including male gender, TBF conditioning, and HLA-mismatch stratifies the risk of HC in the first 100 days after HSCT. The role of BKV and JCV was not highly impacting in those patients, suggesting a possible synergistic effect between CMV and JCV in causing HC. HC can be interpreted as the combination of patient-related factors, chemotherapy-related toxicities—especially due to alkylating agents—and immunological elements

Obstetric hysterectomy in a tertiary centre: a 3-year retrospective study

Background: Obstetric hysterectomy (OH) is a life-saving procedure and involves removal of uterus in cases of intractable hemorrhage. This study includes 21 cases of OH in a period of 3 years at a tertiary centre. We sought to understand the prevalence, indications and outcomes of emergency obstetric hysterectomy. Methods: This is a retrospective, observational study, conducted with the means of hospital delivery records in a tertiary care centre in Navi Mumbai. We included all patients who underwent obstetric hysterectomy in a span of 3 years between 1st April 2020 to 31st March 2023, in Dr. D.Y. Patil Hospital, Navi Mumbai, India. Results: Twenty- one OH were done in the period of study. The incidence of obstetric hysterectomy was 0.45% (452 OH per 100,000 deliveries). It was more prevalent in patients with caesarean section compared to vaginal delivery. Women between the age 25-35 years group comprised of 57.15% cases. Out of the 21 women in the study 7 women were primigravida (33.33%). Most common cause for OH was observed to be uterine atony (42.85%) followed by adherent placenta (28.57%). Maternal morbidity like admission to intensive care unit and need for blood and blood product transfusion was noted in most patients, mortality was observed in only 1 case. Neonatal mortality was nil in this study but, admission to neonatal intensive care unit was required in 7 patients. Conclusions: Although, obstetric hysterectomy kills the future reproductive prospect for a woman, it is life saving for her. Timely decision for OH can not only prevent mortality but, also morbidity for the woman. Previous caesarean section and multigravida have higher incidence of OH. Atonicity is the predominant cause for obstetric hysterectomy in this study

Prospective blind comparative clinical study of two point fixation of zygomatic complex fracture using wire and mini plates

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The zygomatic maxillary complex (ZMC) fractures are one of the most frequent injuries of the facial skeleton due to its position and facial contour. Assaults, road traffic accidents and falls are the principal etiologic factors that may cause fractures of zygomatic bone. The different fixation methods are applied to treat the zygomatic bone fractures, with many more classifications which have been described in the literature for the ease of management. The type of the fracture, its severity and associated facial fractures usually interferes the treatment modality.</p> <p>Purpose of study</p> <p>The aim of this paper is to show the results of 18yrs prospective blind comparative study using wire and plate osteosynthesis which needed open reduction and internal fixation involving Type II to Type IV Spissel and Schroll ZMC fractures.</p> <p>Materials and methods</p> <p>Total 80 cases included in the study out of 1780 ZMC cases which were treated using wire and plate osteosynthesis over a period of 18 yrs, involving only Type II to Type IV Spissel and Schroll ZMC fractures. Other types excluded from study to prevent observer bias. All the fixations carried out through Standard Dingman's incision using stainless steel 26 gauze wire and titanium 1.5 mm mini plate system under general anesthesia by single maxillofacial surgeon and evaluated by another maxillofacial surgeon who is blinded for surgical procedure after 2 and 4 wks of follow-up for facial symmetry, wound healing, functional assessment (mouth opening, diplopia), and sensory disturbance. All the data tabulated in Excel software (Microsoft) for statistical analysis. P-value calculated to know the Significance of treatment modality in all aspects.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Result shows no significant p-values indicating both the operating techniques are equally efficient in the surgical management of ZMC fracture.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Osteosynthesis by mini plates is simple, logical and effective treatment compared to wire osteosynthesis in regard to stability of fracture fragments. Wire osteosynthesis will be helpful in emergency surgeries or where the mini plates are not available. Even though the wire osteosynthesis is economical compared to mini plate fixation; but the time and skill is required for fixation of wires.</p