Análise de um projeto político pedagógico implementado em Belém do Pará

O presente estudo aborda o tema Projeto Político Pedagógico e tem como meta compreender a estrutura teórica de um projeto, fazendo um paralelo com o que de fato acontece na prática dentro de uma escola privada que já possui o seu PPP estruturado. Procuramos conhecer e analisar como ocorreu a elaboração do Projeto Político Pedagógico, assim como identificar as percepções dos educadores, as implicações e eventuais contradições entre o que é exigido por lei e o real das escolas e confrontar o PPP como instrumento norteador do fazer pedagógico e analisar se os objetivos postos são alcançados. Visamos a análise de um exemplo do que acontece nas instituições de ensino, servindo como guia para uma melhor prática educacional. A vertente empírica do estudo, para além da análise bibliográfica, contou com um importante corpus de dados qualitativos, recolhidos por meio de entrevistas individuais semiestruturadas, baseadas em um guião devidamente validado. A análise feita dos depoimentos das participantes do estudo sugere que o Projeto Político Pedagógico constitui para elas um núcleo de desenvolvimento das ações, assim como referência para eventuais dúvidas, para uma escola. Porém, demonstraram insatisfação de não terem mais detalhamento sobre o projeto por parte da gestão, mas acreditam que apesar de não se ter feito uma divulgação maior, conseguem manter os objetivos comuns. Contudo, consideram necessário reavaliar, assim como ouvir cada setor antes de reestruturar um novo documento; ABSTRACT: This research approaches the topic Political-Pedagogic Project (PPP) and it aims to comprehend the theoretical framework of a project, drawing a parallel with what actually happens in a private school which already has its own structured PPP. With this work, we seek to know and examine how the elaboration of the Political-Pedagogic Project occurred, as well as to identify the perceptions of educators, its implications and possible contradictions between what is required by law and the school reality and also view the PPP as a guiding tool for the school guidelines and examine whether the goals proposed are achieved. We aim mainly to explore an example of what happens in educational institutions and a guide to a better educational practice. The empirical aspects of the study, in addition to the bibliographic analysis, had an important corpus of qualitative data collected through semi-structured individual interviews, based on a script properly validated. The analysis of the testimonies of the study participants suggests that the Political-Pedagogic Project constituted for them the center of development actions, as well as a reference for possible doubts for a school. They demonstrated, however, disappointment since they have no access to the details of the project, but they believe that although there is no greater disclosure, they have managed to maintain the common goals. However, they need to review, as well as listen to each school sector before they restructure a new document

Assessment of HCC response to Yttrium-90 radioembolization with gadoxetate disodium MRI: correlation with histopathology.

Transarterial <sup>90</sup> Y radioembolization (TARE) is increasingly being used for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treatment. However, tumor response assessment after TARE may be challenging. We aimed to assess the diagnostic performance of gadoxetate disodium MRI for predicting complete pathologic necrosis (CPN) of HCC treated with TARE, using histopathology as the reference standard. This retrospective study included 48 patients (M/F: 36/12, mean age: 62 years) with HCC treated by TARE followed by surgery with gadoxetate disodium MRI within 90 days of surgery. Two radiologists evaluated tumor response using RECIST1.1, mRECIST, EASL, and LI-RADS-TR criteria and evaluated the percentage of necrosis on subtraction during late arterial, portal venous, and hepatobiliary phases (AP/PVP/HBP). Statistical analysis included inter-reader agreement, correlation between radiologic and pathologic percentage of necrosis, and prediction of CPN using logistic regression and ROC analyses. Histopathology demonstrated 71 HCCs (2.8 ± 1.7 cm, range: 0.5-7.5 cm) including 42 with CPN, 22 with partial necrosis, and 7 without necrosis. EASL and percentage of tumor necrosis on subtraction at the AP/PVP were independent predictors of CPN (p = 0.02-0.03). Percentage of necrosis, mRECIST, EASL, and LI-RADS-TR had fair to good performance for diagnosing CPN (AUCs: 0.78 - 0.83), with a significant difference between subtraction and LI-RADS-TR for reader 2, and in specificity between subtraction and other criteria for both readers (p-range: 0.01-0.04). Radiologic percentage of necrosis was significantly correlated to histopathologic degree of tumor necrosis (r = 0.66 - 0.8, p < 0.001). Percentage of tumor necrosis on subtraction and EASL criteria were significant independent predictors of CPN in HCC treated with TARE. Image subtraction should be considered for assessing HCC response to TARE when using MRI. • Percentage of tumor necrosis on image subtraction and EASL criteria are significant independent predictors of complete pathologic necrosis in hepatocellular carcinoma treated with <sup>90</sup> Y radioembolization. • Subtraction, mRECIST, EASL, and LI-RADS-TR have fair to good performance for diagnosing complete pathologic necrosis in hepatocellular carcinoma treated with <sup>90</sup> Y radioembolization

Effects of cannabinoid drugs on the deficit of prepulse inhibition of startle in an animal model of schizophrenia: the SHR strain

Clinical and neurobiological findings suggest that the cannabinoids and the endocannabinoid system may be implicated in the pathophysiology and treatment of schizophrenia. We described that the spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) strain presents a schizophrenia behavioral phenotype that is specifically attenuated by antipsychotic drugs, and potentiated by proschizophrenia manipulations. Based on these findings, we have suggested this strain as an animal model of schizophrenia. the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of cannabinoid drugs on the deficit of prepulse inhibition (PPI) of startle, the main paradigm used to study sensorimotor gating impairment related to schizophrenia, presented by the SHR strain. the following drugs were used: (1) WIN55212,2 (cannabinoid agonist), (2) rimonabant (CB1 antagonist), (3) AM404 (anandamide uptake inhibitor), and (4) cannabidiol (CBD; indirect CB1/CB2 receptor antagonist, among other effects). VVistar rats (VVRs) and SHRs were treated with vehicle (VEH) or different doses of WIN55212 (0.3, 1, or 3 mg/kg), rimonabant (0.75, 1.5, or 3 mg/kg), AM404 (1, 5, or 10 mg/kg), or CBD (15, 30, or 60 mg/kg). VEH-treated SHRs showed a decreased PPI when compared to VVRs. This PPI deficit was reversed by 1 mg/kg WIN and 30 mg/kg CBD. Conversely, 0.75 mg/kg rimonabant decreased PPI in SHR strain, whereas AM404 did not modify it. Our results reinforce the role of the endocannabinoid system in the sensorimotor gating impairment related to schizophrenia, and point to cannabinoid drugs as potential therapeutic strategies.Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Pharmacol, BR-04039032 São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Psychiat, Lab Interdisciplinar Neurociencias Clin, BR-04039032 São Paulo, BrazilUniv São Paulo, Dept Neurosci & Behav, BR-14049 Ribeirao Preto, BrazilNatl Council Sci & Technol Dev, Natl Inst Sci & Technol Translat Med, Ribeirao Preto, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Pharmacol, BR-04039032 São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Psychiat, Lab Interdisciplinar Neurociencias Clin, BR-04039032 São Paulo, BrazilFAPESP: FAPESP - 2010/07994-3Web of Scienc

Identificación de nematodos gastrointestinales en búfalos faenados en un frigorífico de Corrientes, Argentina

The objective of this work was to identify and quantify the adult specimens of gastrointestinal nematodes in buffaloes slaughtered in Virasoro (Corrientes, Argentina) by means of necropsy of the digestive tract, and through coprological studies, in order to correlate them with the count of eggs per gram of fecal stool and the proportion of parasite genera of third stage larvae of stool culture. A total of 4 necropsies corresponding to young male buffaloes were carried out, of which 50% presented adult specimens of Trichostrongylus sp and Haemonchus sp located only in the abomasum. In the coprological studies, 75% of the samples presented counts of egg per gram of fecal stool, with only 2 cases with the identification of third stage larvae of Haemonchus sp in stool cultures.El objetivo del trabajo fue identificar y cuantificar los ejemplares adultos de nematodos gastrointestinales en los búfalos faenados en el frigorífico de Virasoro (Corrientes) mediante la necropsia parasitaria del tubo digestivo y, por intermedio de estudios coprológicos, correlacionarlos con el recuento de huevos por gramo de materia fecal y la proporción de géneros parasitarios de larvas de tercer estadio de los coprocultivos. Se realizaron en total 4 necropsias parasitarias que correspondieron a búfalos machos jóvenes, de los cuales el 50% presentó ejemplares adultos de Trichostrongylus sp y Haemonchus sp ubicados solamente en el abomaso. En los estudios coprológicos, el 75% de las muestras presentaron recuentos de huevos por gramo de materia fecal, de los cuales únicamente en dos casos se pudieron identificar larvas de tercer estadio de Haemonchus sp en los coprocultivos

Resistencia a los antihelmínticos en bovinos del nordeste de Corrientes (Argentina)

El objetivo del trabajo fue determinar la prevalencia de la resistencia a los antiparasitarios contra los nematodes gastrointestinales de bovinos en el nordeste de Corrientes. El área de estudio comprendió 4 establecimientos ganaderos de los departamentos Ituzaingó y Santo Tomé. El periodo de estudio abarcó de marzo de 2014 a agosto de 2016. La unidad de análisis fue el ternero destete. El método utilizado fue el test de reducción del conteo de huevos. La prevalencia de la resistencia antihelmíntica a la ivermectina en los 4 establecimientos ganaderos muestreados en este estudio fue del 100% y para el benzimidazol fue del 25%. Los géneros parasitarios resistentes a la ivermectina fueron Haemonchus y Cooperia. Estos resultados demuestran un aumento de la resistencia antihelmíntica si se comparan con estudios previos realizados en otros lugares del país

Relevamiento de nematodes gastrointestinales en bovinos del sur de Misiones y nordeste de Corrientes (Argentina)

Se realizó un estudio de investigación observacional de nematodes gastrointestinales de bovinos en 592 terneros destete de 12 rodeos de cría durante 27 meses. El área de estudio comprendió los departamentos Apóstoles y Capital (Provincia de Misiones) y departamentos Ituzaingó y Santo Tomé (Provincia de Corrientes), de características fitogeográficas similares. Las variables bajo estudio fueron la cantidad de huevos excretados por medio del método de conteo de huevos por gramo de materia fecal (hpg) y la proporción de los géneros parasitarios detectada mediante coprocultivo e identificación de larvas de tercer estadio. Debido a la distribución asimétrica de la variable, para la valoración del conteo de huevos se utilizó la mediana como parámetro de tendencia central. En el total de las muestras se registró una mediana de 90 hpg, y en el análisis por estación se verificaron medianas de 200 hpg en primavera, 190 hpg en verano y 50 hpg en otoño e invierno. El coprocultivo se realizó sobre 21 pools de muestras en 8 estaciones seguidas durante todo el estudio y los hallazgos totales fueron: 30% Haemonchus sp., 26%  richostrongylus sp., 24% Cooperia sp. y 20% Oesophagostomum sp. La participación mayoritaria de nematodes de alta oviposición y los relativamente bajos conteos de hpg en heces -exceptuando algunos casos con altos valores- indican la necesidad de profundizar los estudios epidemiológicos de las parasitosis de la región para establecer medidas de control que reduzcan su impacto en las explotaciones ganaderas

Human liver regeneration following massive hepatic necrosis: Two distinct patterns

Massive hepatic necrosis is a rare but often fatal complication of various liver injuries. Nevertheless, some patients can survive by spontaneous hepatic regeneration. It is known that surviving hepatocytes and/or progenitor cells can participate in this process but the mechanism of hepatic recovery is vague.We examined 13 explanted human livers removed for acute liver failure. Combined immunohistochemistry, digital image analysis, and three-dimensional reconstruction of serial sections were applied.Two patterns of regeneration could be distinguished. In livers with centrilobular necrosis, the surviving injured periportal hepatocytes started to proliferate and arrange into acinar structures and expressed α-fetoprotein. If the injury wiped out almost all hepatocytes, large areas of parenchymal loss were invaded by an intense ductular reaction. The cells at the distal pole of the ductules differentiated into hepatocytes and formed foci organized by the branches of the portal vein. The expanding foci often containing complete portal triads were arranged around surviving central veins. Their fusion eventually could be an attempt to re-establish the hepatic lobules.Regeneration of human livers following massive hepatic necrosis can occur in two ways-either through proliferation of α-fetoprotein-positive acinary-arranged hepatocytes or through ductular progenitor cells, with the latter being less efficient. Further investigation of these regenerative pathways may help identify biomarkers for likelihood of complete regeneration and hence have therapeutic implications

Liquid Marble Actuator for Microfluidic Logic Systems

© 2018, The Author(s). A mechanical flip-flop actuator has been developed that allows for the facile re-routing and distribution of liquid marbles (LMs) in digital microfluidic devices. Shaped loosely like a triangle, the actuating switch pivots from one bistable position to another, being actuated by the very low mass and momentum of a LM rolling under gravity (~4 × 10 −6 kg ms −1 ). The actuator was laser-cut from cast acrylic, held on a PTFE coated pivot, and used a PTFE washer. Due to the rocking motion of the switch, sequential LMs are distributed along different channels, allowing for sequential LMs to traverse parallel paths. This distributing effect can be easily cascaded, for example to evenly divide sequential LMs down four different paths. This lightweight, cheap and versatile actuator has been demonstrated in the design and construction of a LM-operated mechanical multiplication device — establishing its effectiveness. The actuator can be operated solely by gravity, giving it potential use in point-of-care devices in low resource areas

The potential role for prolactin-inducible protein (PIP) as a marker of human breast cancer micrometastasis

The prolactin-inducible protein (PIP/GCPD15) is believed to originate from a limited set of tissues, including breast and salivary glands, and has been applied as a clinical marker for the diagnosis of metastatic tumours of unknown origin. We have investigated the potential role of PIP mRNA as a marker of human breast cancer metastasis. Using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and Southern or dot blot analysis, PIP mRNA was detected in 4/6 breast cell lines, independent of oestrogen receptor (ER) status. In breast primary tumours (n = 97), analysed from histologically characterized sections, PIP mRNA was detected in most cases. Higher PIP mRNA levels correlated with ER+ (P = 0.0004), progesterone receptor positive (PR+) (P = 0.0167), low-grade (P = 0.0195) tumours, and also PIP protein levels assessed by immunohistochemistry (n = 19, P = 0.0319). PIP mRNA expression was also detectable in 11/16 (69%) of axillary node metastases. PIP mRNA expression, however, was also detected in normal breast duct epithelium, skin, salivary gland and peripheral blood leucocyte samples from normal individuals. We conclude that PIP mRNA is frequently expressed in both primary human breast tumours and nodal metastases. However, the presence of PIP expression in skin creates a potential source of contamination in venepuncture samples that should be considered in its application as a marker for breast tumour micrometastases. © 1999 Cancer Research Campaig