Using social innovation as a theoretical framework to guide future thinking on facilitating collaboration between mental health and criminal justice services.

Offender mental health is a major societal challenge. Improved collaboration between mental health and criminal justice services is required to address these challenges. This paper explores the potential social innovation as a concept that offers an alternative perspective on collaborations between these services and a framework to develop theoretically informed strategies to optimize interorganizational working. Two key innovation frameworks are applied to the offender mental health field and practice illustrations provided of where new innovations in collaboration, and specifically cocreation between the mental health system and criminal justice system, take place. The paper recommends the development of a competency framework for leaders and front line staff in the mental health system and criminal justice systems to raise awareness and skills in the innovation process, especially through cocreation across professional and organizational boundaries

Narcissism in patients admitted to psychiatric acute wards: its relation to violence, suicidality and other psychopathology

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The objective was to examine various aspects of narcissism in patients admitted to acute psychiatric wards and to compare their level of narcissism to that of an age- and gender-matched sample from the general population (NORM).</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>This cross-sectional study interviewed 186 eligible acute psychiatric patients with the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) and the Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF). The patients filled in the Narcissistic Personality Inventory-21 item version (NPI-21), The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. High and low narcissism was defined by the median of the total NPI-21 score. An age- and gender-matched control sample from the general population also scored the NPI-21 (NORM).</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Being male, involuntary admitted, having diagnosis of schizophrenia, higher self-esteem, and severe violence were significantly associated with high narcissism, and so were also low levels of suicidality, depression, anxiety and GAF scores. Severe violence and high self-esteem were significantly associated with high narcissism in multivariable analyses. The NPI-21 and its subscales showed test-retest correlations ≥0.83, while the BPRS and the HADS showed lower correlations, confirming the trait character of the NPI-21. Depression and suicidality were negatively associated with the NPI-21 total score and all its subscales, while positive association was observed with grandiosity. No significant differences were observed between patients and NORM on the NPI-21 total score or any of the NPI subscales.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Narcissism in the psychiatric patients was significantly associated with violence, suicidality and other symptoms relevant for management and treatment planning. Due to its trait character, use of the NPI-21 in acute psychiatric patients can give important clinical information. The similar level of narcissism found in patients and NORM is in need of further examination.</p

The effects of rTMS on impulsivity in normal adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Background: Impulsivity is a multi-dimensional construct that is regarded as a symptom of many psychiatric disorders. Harm resulting from impulsive behaviour can be substantial for the individuals concerned, people around them and the society they live in. Therefore, the importance of developing therapeutic interventions to target impulsivity is paramount. Aims and methods: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature from AMED, Embase, Medline, and PsycINFO databases on the use of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in healthy adults to modulate different subdomains (motor, temporal and reflection) of impulsivity. Results: The results indicated that rTMS has distinct effects on different impulsivity subdomains. It has a significant, albeit small, effect on modulating motor impulsivity (g = 0.30, 95% CI, 0.17 to 0.43, p < .001) and a moderate effect on temporal impulsivity (g = 0.59, 95% CI, 0.32 to 0.86, p < .001). Subgroup analyses (e.g., excitatory vs. inhibitory rTMS, conventional rTMS vs. theta burst stimulation, analyses by stimulation sites, and type of outcome measure used) identified key parameters associated with the effects of rTMS on motor and temporal impulsivity. Age, sex, stimulation intensity and the number of pulses were not significant moderators for effects of rTMS on motor impulsivity. Due to lack of sufficient data to inform a meta-analysis, it has not been possible to assess the effects of rTMS on reflection impulsivity. Conclusions: The present findings provide preliminary evidence that rTMS can be used to modulate motor and temporal impulsivity in healthy individuals. Further studies are required to extend the use of rTMS to modulate impulsivity in those at most risk of engaging in harmful behaviour as a result of impulsivity, such as patients with offending histories and those with a history of self-harming behaviour

Selvpsykologiske tilnærminger til utfordringer i brukermedvirkningsrelasjoner- En kvalitativ studie blant psykiske helsearbeidere

Betydningen av brukermedvirkning i psykisk helsevern har vært viet betydelig oppmerksomhet fra brukerorganisasjoner, helsemyndigheter og fagmiljøer. Likevel etterlyses det mer forskning knyttet til effekten av brukermedvirkning og metoder for å få involvert brukeren. Det synes fortsatt uklart hva brukermedvirkning innebærer i praksis

Residents&rsquo; experiences of relationships with nurses in community-based supported housing &ndash; a qualitative study based on Giorgi&rsquo;s method of analysis and self psychology

Solrun Brenk R&oslash;nning,&nbsp;St&aring;l Bj&oslash;rkly Faculty of Health Sciences and Social Care, Molde University College, Molde, Norway Abstract: One of the prioritizations in the World Health Organization&rsquo;s (WHO) Mental Health Action Plan 2013&ndash;2020 is the provision of community mental health and social care services, such as supported housing. The ongoing process of such deinstitutionalization has raised issues concerning the impact on users&rsquo; quality of life. The purpose of this study was to explore how residents in supported housing experience receiving professional help and how they perceived their relationships with nurses. The second aim was to investigate the relevance of Giorgi&rsquo;s method of analysis and self psychology in analyzing these experiences. Four residents were interviewed individually. The interviews were based on a semi-structured interview guide and analyzed by Giorgi&rsquo;s method of analysis. Relations were interpreted within self psychology. The residents reported that they not only felt safe in the community but also felt a greater awareness of wanting to appear normal. They seemed to have an easier daily life and felt that the personnel met their selfobject needs when routines allowed for it. Professional awareness of empathic attunement and selfobject roles might enhance residents&rsquo; self-cohesiveness. The interviews were analyzed by Giorgi&rsquo;s method of analysis, and the use of clinical concepts from self psychology was chosen to achieve a more dynamic understanding of the participants&rsquo; relational experiences and needs in supported housing. Keywords: mental health, nursing relationship, self psychology, supported housing, experience

Selvpsykologiske tilnærminger til utfordringer i brukermedvirkningsrelasjoner- En kvalitativ studie blant psykiske helsearbeidere

Betydningen av brukermedvirkning i psykisk helsevern har vært viet betydelig oppmerksomhet fra brukerorganisasjoner, helsemyndigheter og fagmiljøer. Likevel etterlyses det mer forskning knyttet til effekten av brukermedvirkning og metoder for å få involvert brukeren. Det synes fortsatt uklart hva brukermedvirkning innebærer i praksis