19 research outputs found

    Effets de la déshydratation sur le métabolisme énergétique et sur l'état corporel du dromadaire, Camelus dromedarius

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    Le dromadaire est le seul animal domestique capable de valoriser, par ses productions (lait, viande, poils, travail), les espaces arides et semi-arides de l'Afrique et de l'Asie. Son exceptionnelle capacitĂ© Ă  rĂ©sister Ă  la chaleur et Ă  la privation d'eau a fait de lui un Ă©lĂ©ment capital de la vie socio-Ă©conomique des populations habitant ces zones Ă  l'environnement hostile. Pour cette Ă©tude, 12 chamelles issues du sud marocain ont Ă©tĂ© utilisĂ©es. Deux lots homogĂšnes de 6 dromadaires ont Ă©tĂ© constituĂ©s :un lot tĂ©moin, et un lot test dont les animaux ont subi une dĂ©shydratation de 23 jours suivie de 5 jours de rĂ©hydratation. L'Ă©tat corporel et le poids vif des animaux ont Ă©tĂ© affectĂ©s par la dĂ©shydratation mĂȘme si la taille de la bosse est inchangĂ©e. L'hĂ©matocrite, la glycĂ©mie, la triglyceridĂ©mie et la concentration en acides gras libres ont largement augmentĂ© avec la dĂ©shydratation alors que les concentrations sĂ©riques en cholestĂ©rol et corps cĂ©toniques n'ont pas Ă©tĂ© influencĂ©es. La rĂ©hydratation a permis un rĂ©tablissement rapide de tous les paramĂštres

    "Ticks and Tick-borne pathogens from Corsica, a Mediterranean island environment"

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    La Corse est une Ăźle mĂ©diterranĂ©enne montagneuse prĂ©sentant une grande diversitĂ© de biotopes. C'est Ă©galement une rĂ©gion de chasse, de randonnĂ©e et d'Ă©levage pratiquĂ© de façon semi-extensive Ă  extensive (bovins, ovins, caprins et porcins). Les interactions sont multiples entre l'homme, les animaux domestiques et la faune sauvage. MĂȘme si ce contexte apparait propice Ă  l'implantation d'une grande diversitĂ© d'espĂšces de tiques et Ă  la circulation des agents pathogĂšnes qu'elles transmettent, ils n’avaient jamais fait l’objet d’une Ă©tude exhaustive. Le cheptel bovin insulaire, Ă©levĂ© dans un Ă©tat de semi-libertĂ© (avec une utilisation restreinte de traitements acaricides), est apparu comme un modĂšle appropriĂ© pour dresser un premier Ă©tat des lieux des tiques prĂ©sents sur le territoire insulaire. Durant une annĂ©e, 1 938 tiques ont Ă©tĂ© collectĂ©es dans les trois abattoirs bovins de l'Ăźle. Huit espĂšces de tiques ont Ă©tĂ© identifiĂ©es : Rhipicephalus (Rh.) bursa (56% des tiques prĂ©levĂ©es), Hyalomma (Hy.) marginatum (21%), Hy. scupense (9%), Ixodes (I.) ricinus (6%), Haemaphysalis (Ha.) punctata (5%), Rh. sanguineus sensu lato (2%), Rh. (Boophilus) annulatus (0,7%) et Dermacentor (D.) marginatus (0,3%). Le taux d'infestation des bovins est restĂ© Ă©levĂ© toute l'annĂ©e (63%), et plusieurs espĂšces de tiques ont montrĂ© des variations saisonniĂšres de leur activitĂ©. Des collectes plus ponctuelles sur d'autres animaux domestiques (petits ruminants, chevaux, carnivores domestiques) et sauvages (sangliers, mouflons, cerfs, hĂ©rissons et oiseaux) ont permis la collecte de 3 134 tiques (dont 60% prĂ©levĂ©es sur bovins). Une espĂšce supplĂ©mentaire, Ha. sulcata (collectĂ©e sur un mouflon), a Ă©tĂ© identifiĂ©e et des prĂ©fĂ©rences claires d'infestation envers certains hĂŽtes animaux ont Ă©tĂ© mises en Ă©vidence.Une puce Ă  PCR micro-fluidiques en temps rĂ©el Ă  haut dĂ©bit (BioMarkTM dynamic arrays, Fluidigm Corporation, USA) a permis la recherche de 27 bactĂ©ries (issues des genres Borrelia, Anaplasma, Ehrlichia, Rickettsia, Bartonella, Candidatus Neoehrlichia, Coxiella et Francisella) et 12 espĂšces de parasites (issues des genres Babesia et Theileria) dans des pools composĂ©s d’une Ă  cinq tiques. PrĂšs de la moitiĂ© (48%) des 569 Ă©chantillons (1 523 tiques analysĂ©es) Ă©taient porteurs de l’ADN d’au moins un agent pathogĂšne. Les sĂ©quences gĂ©nĂ©tiques de 11 germes, dont sept sont zoonotiques, issus de six genres, ont Ă©tĂ© dĂ©tectĂ©es. Tous les hĂŽtes animaux prĂ©levĂ©s ont prĂ©sentĂ©s des tiques infectĂ©es et des agents pathogĂšnes ont Ă©tĂ© dĂ©tectĂ©s dans 80% de la zone Ă©chantillonnĂ©e. La prĂ©sence de quatre agents pathogĂšnes en Corse a ainsi Ă©tĂ© confirmĂ©e : Rickettsia aeschlimannii (23% des pools analysĂ©s), Rickettsia slovaca (5%), Anaplasma marginale (4%) et Theileria equi (0.4%), mais pour la plupart des agents pathogĂšnes, leur ADN a Ă©tĂ© dĂ©tectĂ© pour la premiĂšre fois en Corse : Anaplasma phagocytophilum (16%), Rickettsia helvetica (1%), Borrelia afzelii (0.7%), Borrelia miyamotoi (1%), Bartonella henselae (2%), Babesia bigemina (2%) et Babesia ovis (0.5%).Le virus de la fiĂšvre hĂ©morragique de CrimĂ©e Congo (CCHF) recherchĂ© de façon individuelle (dans ses tiques vectrices (genre Hyalomma) ou dans des tiques connues pour au moins le transporter (Rh. bursa) n'a pas Ă©tĂ© identifiĂ© mais une enquĂȘte sĂ©rologique rĂ©alisĂ©e sur 3 890 ruminants domestiques (bovins, caprins et ovins)a montrĂ© que 9,1% d'entre eux Ă©taient porteurs d'anticorps dirigĂ©s contre le virus suggĂ©rant ainsi la circulation d'une souche virale en Corse. De prochaines Ă©tudes, notamment sĂ©rologiques, devront dĂ©terminer l'exposition rĂ©elle des populations humaines et animales aux agents pathogĂšnes dĂ©tectĂ©s et ainsi estimer leur potentiel impact mĂ©dical et sanitaire en Corse.Corsica is a French mountainous Mediterranean island presenting a large diversity of natural environments. Hunting and hiking are very popular and livestock farming is an important economic activity (sheep, goats, pigs and cattle); it is of a semi-extensive to an extensive type and animals are often in contact with wildlife. Therefore, important interactions occur between livestock, wildlife and humans in a small area. This context could favour both the presence of a great diversity of tick species and the circulation of tick-borne pathogens. However, neither the tick fauna nor the pathogens they transmit have been systematically investigated in Corsica. Cattle were chosen as a model host to investigate the Corsican tick fauna because its farming system is still of a very extensive type (with a low frequency of acaricide treatments). For one year, 1,938 ticks were collected from cattle in the three Corsican cattle slaughterhouses. Eight tick species were found infesting cattle: Rhipicephalus (Rh.) bursa (56% of the collected ticks), Hyalomma (Hy.) marginatum (21%), Hy. scupense (9%), Ixodes (I.) ricinus (6%), Haemaphysalis (Ha.) punctata (5%), Rh. sanguineus sensu lato (2%), Rh. (Boophilus) annulatus (0.7%) and Dermacentor (D.) marginatus (0.3%). The cattle infestation rate remained high all year (63% of animals) and several tick species showed seasonal variation of their activity. During the same period, ticks from other domestic animals (small ruminants, horses, domestic carnivores) and wild animals (wild boars, mouflons, deer, hedgehogs, birds) were occasionally collected. A total of 3,134 ticks were collected (60 % from Cattle), several host preferences were clearly shown and another species, Ha. sulcata, was found on mouflons.A real-time PCR chip was used for high-throughput microfluidic real-time PCR amplification (BioMarkTM dynamic arrays, Fluidigm Corporation, USA). This advanced methodology permitted the simultaneous detection of 27 bacterial (from the genus Borrelia, Anaplasma, Ehrlichia, Rickettsia, Bartonella, Candidatus Neoehrlichia, Coxiella and Francisella) and 12 parasitic species (from the genus Babesia et Theileria) in pools consisted in one to five ticks. In almost half (48%) of the 569 analysed samples (1,523 ticks), DNA from at least one pathogen was detected and 11 species of tick-borne-pathogens (TBPs), among them seven were zoonotic, from six genera were reported. TBPs were found in ticks from all collected hosts and were present in more than 80% of the investigated area. The detection of DNA of certain species confirmed the previous identification of these pathogens in Corsica, such as Rickettsia aeschlimannii (23% of pools), Rickettsia slovaca (5%), Anaplasma marginale (4%) and Theileria equi (0.4%), but most TBP DNA identified had not previously been reported in Corsican ticks. This included Anaplasma phagocytophilum (16%), Rickettsia helvetica (1%), Borrelia afzelii (0.7%), Borrelia miyamotoi (1%), Bartonella henselae (2%), Babesia bigemina (2%) and Babesia ovis (0.5%). Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) virus was investigated individually in tick species known to be vectors (Hyalomma spp.) or carriers (Rh. bursa) of this virus. RNA of the CCHF virus was not found in the analysed samples (322 pools; 1,015 ticks) but a serological survey led on 3,890 domestic ruminants showed that 9.1% of these animals had antibodies against CCHF virus highlighting the probable circulation of a virus strain in Corsica. Other studies, including serological survey, should be conducted to determine the human and animal exposition to these pathogens and to estimate their potential impact on human and animal healt

    « Tiques et agents pathogÚnes transmis en Corse, milieu insulaire méditerranéen »

    No full text
    Corsica is a French mountainous Mediterranean island presenting a large diversity of natural environments. Hunting and hiking are very popular and livestock farming is an important economic activity (sheep, goats, pigs and cattle); it is of a semi-extensive to an extensive type and animals are often in contact with wildlife. Therefore, important interactions occur between livestock, wildlife and humans in a small area. This context could favour both the presence of a great diversity of tick species and the circulation of tick-borne pathogens. However, neither the tick fauna nor the pathogens they transmit have been systematically investigated in Corsica. Cattle were chosen as a model host to investigate the Corsican tick fauna because its farming system is still of a very extensive type (with a low frequency of acaricide treatments). For one year, 1,938 ticks were collected from cattle in the three Corsican cattle slaughterhouses. Eight tick species were found infesting cattle: Rhipicephalus (Rh.) bursa (56% of the collected ticks), Hyalomma (Hy.) marginatum (21%), Hy. scupense (9%), Ixodes (I.) ricinus (6%), Haemaphysalis (Ha.) punctata (5%), Rh. sanguineus sensu lato (2%), Rh. (Boophilus) annulatus (0.7%) and Dermacentor (D.) marginatus (0.3%). The cattle infestation rate remained high all year (63% of animals) and several tick species showed seasonal variation of their activity. During the same period, ticks from other domestic animals (small ruminants, horses, domestic carnivores) and wild animals (wild boars, mouflons, deer, hedgehogs, birds) were occasionally collected. A total of 3,134 ticks were collected (60 % from Cattle), several host preferences were clearly shown and another species, Ha. sulcata, was found on mouflons.A real-time PCR chip was used for high-throughput microfluidic real-time PCR amplification (BioMarkTM dynamic arrays, Fluidigm Corporation, USA). This advanced methodology permitted the simultaneous detection of 27 bacterial (from the genus Borrelia, Anaplasma, Ehrlichia, Rickettsia, Bartonella, Candidatus Neoehrlichia, Coxiella and Francisella) and 12 parasitic species (from the genus Babesia et Theileria) in pools consisted in one to five ticks. In almost half (48%) of the 569 analysed samples (1,523 ticks), DNA from at least one pathogen was detected and 11 species of tick-borne-pathogens (TBPs), among them seven were zoonotic, from six genera were reported. TBPs were found in ticks from all collected hosts and were present in more than 80% of the investigated area. The detection of DNA of certain species confirmed the previous identification of these pathogens in Corsica, such as Rickettsia aeschlimannii (23% of pools), Rickettsia slovaca (5%), Anaplasma marginale (4%) and Theileria equi (0.4%), but most TBP DNA identified had not previously been reported in Corsican ticks. This included Anaplasma phagocytophilum (16%), Rickettsia helvetica (1%), Borrelia afzelii (0.7%), Borrelia miyamotoi (1%), Bartonella henselae (2%), Babesia bigemina (2%) and Babesia ovis (0.5%). Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) virus was investigated individually in tick species known to be vectors (Hyalomma spp.) or carriers (Rh. bursa) of this virus. RNA of the CCHF virus was not found in the analysed samples (322 pools; 1,015 ticks) but a serological survey led on 3,890 domestic ruminants showed that 9.1% of these animals had antibodies against CCHF virus highlighting the probable circulation of a virus strain in Corsica. Other studies, including serological survey, should be conducted to determine the human and animal exposition to these pathogens and to estimate their potential impact on human and animal healthLa Corse est une Ăźle mĂ©diterranĂ©enne montagneuse prĂ©sentant une grande diversitĂ© de biotopes. C'est Ă©galement une rĂ©gion de chasse, de randonnĂ©e et d'Ă©levage pratiquĂ© de façon semi-extensive Ă  extensive (bovins, ovins, caprins et porcins). Les interactions sont multiples entre l'homme, les animaux domestiques et la faune sauvage. MĂȘme si ce contexte apparait propice Ă  l'implantation d'une grande diversitĂ© d'espĂšces de tiques et Ă  la circulation des agents pathogĂšnes qu'elles transmettent, ils n’avaient jamais fait l’objet d’une Ă©tude exhaustive. Le cheptel bovin insulaire, Ă©levĂ© dans un Ă©tat de semi-libertĂ© (avec une utilisation restreinte de traitements acaricides), est apparu comme un modĂšle appropriĂ© pour dresser un premier Ă©tat des lieux des tiques prĂ©sents sur le territoire insulaire. Durant une annĂ©e, 1 938 tiques ont Ă©tĂ© collectĂ©es dans les trois abattoirs bovins de l'Ăźle. Huit espĂšces de tiques ont Ă©tĂ© identifiĂ©es : Rhipicephalus (Rh.) bursa (56% des tiques prĂ©levĂ©es), Hyalomma (Hy.) marginatum (21%), Hy. scupense (9%), Ixodes (I.) ricinus (6%), Haemaphysalis (Ha.) punctata (5%), Rh. sanguineus sensu lato (2%), Rh. (Boophilus) annulatus (0,7%) et Dermacentor (D.) marginatus (0,3%). Le taux d'infestation des bovins est restĂ© Ă©levĂ© toute l'annĂ©e (63%), et plusieurs espĂšces de tiques ont montrĂ© des variations saisonniĂšres de leur activitĂ©. Des collectes plus ponctuelles sur d'autres animaux domestiques (petits ruminants, chevaux, carnivores domestiques) et sauvages (sangliers, mouflons, cerfs, hĂ©rissons et oiseaux) ont permis la collecte de 3 134 tiques (dont 60% prĂ©levĂ©es sur bovins). Une espĂšce supplĂ©mentaire, Ha. sulcata (collectĂ©e sur un mouflon), a Ă©tĂ© identifiĂ©e et des prĂ©fĂ©rences claires d'infestation envers certains hĂŽtes animaux ont Ă©tĂ© mises en Ă©vidence.Une puce Ă  PCR micro-fluidiques en temps rĂ©el Ă  haut dĂ©bit (BioMarkTM dynamic arrays, Fluidigm Corporation, USA) a permis la recherche de 27 bactĂ©ries (issues des genres Borrelia, Anaplasma, Ehrlichia, Rickettsia, Bartonella, Candidatus Neoehrlichia, Coxiella et Francisella) et 12 espĂšces de parasites (issues des genres Babesia et Theileria) dans des pools composĂ©s d’une Ă  cinq tiques. PrĂšs de la moitiĂ© (48%) des 569 Ă©chantillons (1 523 tiques analysĂ©es) Ă©taient porteurs de l’ADN d’au moins un agent pathogĂšne. Les sĂ©quences gĂ©nĂ©tiques de 11 germes, dont sept sont zoonotiques, issus de six genres, ont Ă©tĂ© dĂ©tectĂ©es. Tous les hĂŽtes animaux prĂ©levĂ©s ont prĂ©sentĂ©s des tiques infectĂ©es et des agents pathogĂšnes ont Ă©tĂ© dĂ©tectĂ©s dans 80% de la zone Ă©chantillonnĂ©e. La prĂ©sence de quatre agents pathogĂšnes en Corse a ainsi Ă©tĂ© confirmĂ©e : Rickettsia aeschlimannii (23% des pools analysĂ©s), Rickettsia slovaca (5%), Anaplasma marginale (4%) et Theileria equi (0.4%), mais pour la plupart des agents pathogĂšnes, leur ADN a Ă©tĂ© dĂ©tectĂ© pour la premiĂšre fois en Corse : Anaplasma phagocytophilum (16%), Rickettsia helvetica (1%), Borrelia afzelii (0.7%), Borrelia miyamotoi (1%), Bartonella henselae (2%), Babesia bigemina (2%) et Babesia ovis (0.5%).Le virus de la fiĂšvre hĂ©morragique de CrimĂ©e Congo (CCHF) recherchĂ© de façon individuelle (dans ses tiques vectrices (genre Hyalomma) ou dans des tiques connues pour au moins le transporter (Rh. bursa) n'a pas Ă©tĂ© identifiĂ© mais une enquĂȘte sĂ©rologique rĂ©alisĂ©e sur 3 890 ruminants domestiques (bovins, caprins et ovins)a montrĂ© que 9,1% d'entre eux Ă©taient porteurs d'anticorps dirigĂ©s contre le virus suggĂ©rant ainsi la circulation d'une souche virale en Corse. De prochaines Ă©tudes, notamment sĂ©rologiques, devront dĂ©terminer l'exposition rĂ©elle des populations humaines et animales aux agents pathogĂšnes dĂ©tectĂ©s et ainsi estimer leur potentiel impact mĂ©dical et sanitaire en Corse

    « Tiques et agents pathogÚnes transmis en Corse, milieu insulaire méditerranéen »

    No full text
    Corsica is a French mountainous Mediterranean island presenting a large diversity of natural environments. Hunting and hiking are very popular and livestock farming is an important economic activity (sheep, goats, pigs and cattle); it is of a semi-extensive to an extensive type and animals are often in contact with wildlife. Therefore, important interactions occur between livestock, wildlife and humans in a small area. This context could favour both the presence of a great diversity of tick species and the circulation of tick-borne pathogens. However, neither the tick fauna nor the pathogens they transmit have been systematically investigated in Corsica. Cattle were chosen as a model host to investigate the Corsican tick fauna because its farming system is still of a very extensive type (with a low frequency of acaricide treatments). For one year, 1,938 ticks were collected from cattle in the three Corsican cattle slaughterhouses. Eight tick species were found infesting cattle: Rhipicephalus (Rh.) bursa (56% of the collected ticks), Hyalomma (Hy.) marginatum (21%), Hy. scupense (9%), Ixodes (I.) ricinus (6%), Haemaphysalis (Ha.) punctata (5%), Rh. sanguineus sensu lato (2%), Rh. (Boophilus) annulatus (0.7%) and Dermacentor (D.) marginatus (0.3%). The cattle infestation rate remained high all year (63% of animals) and several tick species showed seasonal variation of their activity. During the same period, ticks from other domestic animals (small ruminants, horses, domestic carnivores) and wild animals (wild boars, mouflons, deer, hedgehogs, birds) were occasionally collected. A total of 3,134 ticks were collected (60 % from Cattle), several host preferences were clearly shown and another species, Ha. sulcata, was found on mouflons.A real-time PCR chip was used for high-throughput microfluidic real-time PCR amplification (BioMarkTM dynamic arrays, Fluidigm Corporation, USA). This advanced methodology permitted the simultaneous detection of 27 bacterial (from the genus Borrelia, Anaplasma, Ehrlichia, Rickettsia, Bartonella, Candidatus Neoehrlichia, Coxiella and Francisella) and 12 parasitic species (from the genus Babesia et Theileria) in pools consisted in one to five ticks. In almost half (48%) of the 569 analysed samples (1,523 ticks), DNA from at least one pathogen was detected and 11 species of tick-borne-pathogens (TBPs), among them seven were zoonotic, from six genera were reported. TBPs were found in ticks from all collected hosts and were present in more than 80% of the investigated area. The detection of DNA of certain species confirmed the previous identification of these pathogens in Corsica, such as Rickettsia aeschlimannii (23% of pools), Rickettsia slovaca (5%), Anaplasma marginale (4%) and Theileria equi (0.4%), but most TBP DNA identified had not previously been reported in Corsican ticks. This included Anaplasma phagocytophilum (16%), Rickettsia helvetica (1%), Borrelia afzelii (0.7%), Borrelia miyamotoi (1%), Bartonella henselae (2%), Babesia bigemina (2%) and Babesia ovis (0.5%). Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) virus was investigated individually in tick species known to be vectors (Hyalomma spp.) or carriers (Rh. bursa) of this virus. RNA of the CCHF virus was not found in the analysed samples (322 pools; 1,015 ticks) but a serological survey led on 3,890 domestic ruminants showed that 9.1% of these animals had antibodies against CCHF virus highlighting the probable circulation of a virus strain in Corsica. Other studies, including serological survey, should be conducted to determine the human and animal exposition to these pathogens and to estimate their potential impact on human and animal healthLa Corse est une Ăźle mĂ©diterranĂ©enne montagneuse prĂ©sentant une grande diversitĂ© de biotopes. C'est Ă©galement une rĂ©gion de chasse, de randonnĂ©e et d'Ă©levage pratiquĂ© de façon semi-extensive Ă  extensive (bovins, ovins, caprins et porcins). Les interactions sont multiples entre l'homme, les animaux domestiques et la faune sauvage. MĂȘme si ce contexte apparait propice Ă  l'implantation d'une grande diversitĂ© d'espĂšces de tiques et Ă  la circulation des agents pathogĂšnes qu'elles transmettent, ils n’avaient jamais fait l’objet d’une Ă©tude exhaustive. Le cheptel bovin insulaire, Ă©levĂ© dans un Ă©tat de semi-libertĂ© (avec une utilisation restreinte de traitements acaricides), est apparu comme un modĂšle appropriĂ© pour dresser un premier Ă©tat des lieux des tiques prĂ©sents sur le territoire insulaire. Durant une annĂ©e, 1 938 tiques ont Ă©tĂ© collectĂ©es dans les trois abattoirs bovins de l'Ăźle. Huit espĂšces de tiques ont Ă©tĂ© identifiĂ©es : Rhipicephalus (Rh.) bursa (56% des tiques prĂ©levĂ©es), Hyalomma (Hy.) marginatum (21%), Hy. scupense (9%), Ixodes (I.) ricinus (6%), Haemaphysalis (Ha.) punctata (5%), Rh. sanguineus sensu lato (2%), Rh. (Boophilus) annulatus (0,7%) et Dermacentor (D.) marginatus (0,3%). Le taux d'infestation des bovins est restĂ© Ă©levĂ© toute l'annĂ©e (63%), et plusieurs espĂšces de tiques ont montrĂ© des variations saisonniĂšres de leur activitĂ©. Des collectes plus ponctuelles sur d'autres animaux domestiques (petits ruminants, chevaux, carnivores domestiques) et sauvages (sangliers, mouflons, cerfs, hĂ©rissons et oiseaux) ont permis la collecte de 3 134 tiques (dont 60% prĂ©levĂ©es sur bovins). Une espĂšce supplĂ©mentaire, Ha. sulcata (collectĂ©e sur un mouflon), a Ă©tĂ© identifiĂ©e et des prĂ©fĂ©rences claires d'infestation envers certains hĂŽtes animaux ont Ă©tĂ© mises en Ă©vidence.Une puce Ă  PCR micro-fluidiques en temps rĂ©el Ă  haut dĂ©bit (BioMarkTM dynamic arrays, Fluidigm Corporation, USA) a permis la recherche de 27 bactĂ©ries (issues des genres Borrelia, Anaplasma, Ehrlichia, Rickettsia, Bartonella, Candidatus Neoehrlichia, Coxiella et Francisella) et 12 espĂšces de parasites (issues des genres Babesia et Theileria) dans des pools composĂ©s d’une Ă  cinq tiques. PrĂšs de la moitiĂ© (48%) des 569 Ă©chantillons (1 523 tiques analysĂ©es) Ă©taient porteurs de l’ADN d’au moins un agent pathogĂšne. Les sĂ©quences gĂ©nĂ©tiques de 11 germes, dont sept sont zoonotiques, issus de six genres, ont Ă©tĂ© dĂ©tectĂ©es. Tous les hĂŽtes animaux prĂ©levĂ©s ont prĂ©sentĂ©s des tiques infectĂ©es et des agents pathogĂšnes ont Ă©tĂ© dĂ©tectĂ©s dans 80% de la zone Ă©chantillonnĂ©e. La prĂ©sence de quatre agents pathogĂšnes en Corse a ainsi Ă©tĂ© confirmĂ©e : Rickettsia aeschlimannii (23% des pools analysĂ©s), Rickettsia slovaca (5%), Anaplasma marginale (4%) et Theileria equi (0.4%), mais pour la plupart des agents pathogĂšnes, leur ADN a Ă©tĂ© dĂ©tectĂ© pour la premiĂšre fois en Corse : Anaplasma phagocytophilum (16%), Rickettsia helvetica (1%), Borrelia afzelii (0.7%), Borrelia miyamotoi (1%), Bartonella henselae (2%), Babesia bigemina (2%) et Babesia ovis (0.5%).Le virus de la fiĂšvre hĂ©morragique de CrimĂ©e Congo (CCHF) recherchĂ© de façon individuelle (dans ses tiques vectrices (genre Hyalomma) ou dans des tiques connues pour au moins le transporter (Rh. bursa) n'a pas Ă©tĂ© identifiĂ© mais une enquĂȘte sĂ©rologique rĂ©alisĂ©e sur 3 890 ruminants domestiques (bovins, caprins et ovins)a montrĂ© que 9,1% d'entre eux Ă©taient porteurs d'anticorps dirigĂ©s contre le virus suggĂ©rant ainsi la circulation d'une souche virale en Corse. De prochaines Ă©tudes, notamment sĂ©rologiques, devront dĂ©terminer l'exposition rĂ©elle des populations humaines et animales aux agents pathogĂšnes dĂ©tectĂ©s et ainsi estimer leur potentiel impact mĂ©dical et sanitaire en Corse

    Effets de la déshydratation sur le métabolisme énergétique et sur l'état corporel du dromadaire, camelus dromedarius

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    Le dromadaire est le seul animal domestique capable de valoriser, par ses productions (lait, viande, poils, travail), les espaces arides et semi-arides de l'Afrique et de l'Asie. Son exceptionnelle capacitĂ© Ă  rĂ©sister Ă  la chaleur et Ă  la privation d'eau a fait de lui un Ă©lĂ©ment capital de la vie socio-Ă©conomique des populations habitant ces zones Ă  l'environnement hostile. Pour cette Ă©tude, 12 chamelles issues du sud marocain ont Ă©tĂ© utilisĂ©es. Deux lots homogĂšnes de 6 dromadaires ont Ă©tĂ© constituĂ©s :un lot tĂ©moin, et un lot test dont les animaux ont subi une dĂ©shydratation de 23 jours suivie de 5 jours de rĂ©hydratation. L'Ă©tat corporel et le poids vif des animaux ont Ă©tĂ© affectĂ©s par la dĂ©shydratation mĂȘme si la taille de la bosse est inchangĂ©e. L'hĂ©matocrite, la glycĂ©mie, la triglyceridĂ©mie et la concentration en acides gras libres ont largement augmentĂ© avec la dĂ©shydratation alors que les concentrations sĂ©riques en cholestĂ©rol et corps cĂ©toniques n'ont pas Ă©tĂ© influencĂ©es. La rĂ©hydratation a permis un rĂ©tablissement rapide de tous les paramĂštres.TOULOUSE3-BU SantĂ©-Centrale (315552105) / SudocTOULOUSE-EN VĂ©tĂ©rinaire (315552301) / SudocSudocFranceF

    Etude de la possible circulation du virus de la fiÚvre hémorragique de Crimée Congo dans le cheptel corse (France).

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    International audienceMany animals are asymptomatic reservoirs of the virus. The high presence in Corsica of one of its main vectors, the tick Hyalomma marginatum, raises questions about possible viral activity on the island. PCR tests on more than 1 000 ticks collected from animals raised on Corsica and from wildlife did not detect CCHF viral RNA. On the other hand, a large serological survey carried out on nearly 4 000 domestic ruminants (cattle, sheep and goats) from blood collected during the 2015-2016 prophylaxis campaign showed that 9.1% of the animals were seropositive suggesting that the virus circulates on Corsica. Isolation of the virus and characterisation of the viral genome are still necessary to confirm these results.La fiĂšvre hĂ©morragique de CrimĂ©e Congo (CCHF, Crimean Congo Hemorrhagic Fever) est la maladie virale transmise par les tiques la plus rĂ©pandue dans le monde chez l’Homme. De nombreux animaux sont des rĂ©servoirs asymptomatiques du virus. La forte prĂ©sence en Corse de l’un de ses principaux vecteurs, la tique Hyalomma marginatum, questionne sur une Ă©ventuelle activitĂ© virale sur l’üle. Des recherches par PCR dans plus de 1 000 tiques collectĂ©es sur des animaux Ă©levĂ©s en Corse et sur la faune sauvage n’ont pas permis de dĂ©tecter l’ARN du virus. A l’inverse, une large enquĂȘte sĂ©rologique menĂ©e sur prĂšs de 4 000 ruminants domestiques (bovins, ovins et caprins) Ă  partir du sang prĂ©levĂ© lors de la campagne de prophylaxie 2015-2016 a montrĂ© que 9,1% des animaux Ă©taient porteurs d’anticorps suggĂ©rant ainsi une circulation du virus en Corse. L’isolation du virus et la caractĂ©risation du gĂ©nome viral restent cependant indispensables pour confirmer ces rĂ©sultats

    Molecular Detection of Zoonotic and Non-Zoonotic Pathogens from Wild Boars and Their Ticks in the Corsican Wetlands

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    Corsica is the main French island in the Mediterranean Sea and has high levels of human and animal population movement. Among the local animal species, the wild boar is highly prevalent in the Corsican landscape and in the island’s traditions. Wild boars are the most commonly hunted animals on this island, and can be responsible for the transmission and circulation of pathogens and their vectors. In this study, wild boar samples and ticks were collected in 17 municipalities near wetlands on the Corsican coast. A total of 158 hunted wild boars were sampled (523 samples). Of these samples, 113 were ticks: 96.4% were Dermacentor marginatus, and the remainder were Hyalomma marginatum, Hyalomma scupense and Rhipicephalus sanguineus s.l. Of the wild boar samples, only three blood samples were found to be positive for Babesia spp. Of the tick samples, 90 were found to be positive for tick-borne pathogens (rickettsial species). These results confirm the importance of the wild boar as a host for ticks carrying diseases such as rickettsiosis near wetlands and recreational sites. Our findings also show that the wild boar is a potential carrier of babesiosis in Corsica, a pathogen detected for the first time in wild boars on the island

    Detecting zoonotic and non‐zoonotic pathogens in livestock and their ticks in Corsican wetlands

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    Abstract Background Corsica is a large French island in the Mediterranean Sea with high human and animal migration rates, especially near wetlands where these migrations are particularly frequent. Among the livestock populations, cattle and sheep are widely present all across the entire Mediterranean region. Trade can be responsible for the circulation of numerous pathogens and their vectors, thereby representing a health and economic threat for the livestock industry. Objectives The objective of our study was to investigate the presence of pathogens in cattle and sheep farms in the wetlands of Corsica using a high‐throughput screening technique. Methods In our study, blood samples and ticks were collected from cattle and sheep in 20 municipalities near Corsican wetlands to screen for the presence of various types of pathogens. The samples were processed using a high‐throughput screening technique based on real‐time microfluidic PCR: 45 pathogens were screened in 47 samples simultaneously. Results A total of 372 cattle and 74 sheep were sampled, and 444 ticks were collected from cattle. Out of the eight tick species detected, the main one was Rhipicephalus bursa (38.7% of the ticks collected). From cattle blood samples, one species and two genera were found: Anaplasma marginale, Trypanosoma sp. and Babesia sp. in respectively 61.5%, 58.3% and 12.2% of the cattle blood samples. From sheep blood samples, 74.3% were positive for Anaplasma sp, 2.7% for Anaplasma ovis and 1.4% for Anaplasma capra. This is the first report of A. ovis DNA in blood samples from sheep in Corsica. Out of 444 the tick samples, 114 were positive: 77.2% for Rickettsia aeschlimannii, 20.2% for Rickettsia sp., 3.5% for Babesia sp. and 1.8% for Anaplasma sp. Among them, 2.7% were co‐infected with R. aeschlimannii and Babesia sp. Conclusions Our results confirm the extent of possible circulation of different pathogens near Corsican wetlands, not only in ticks collected from livestock but also directly in cattle and sheep, with two (Trypanosoma sp. and Babesia sp.) being detected for the first time in cattle, one for the first time in sheep (A. ovis) and one for the first time in Corsica (A. capra

    Seroprevalence of Toscana virus in dogs from Corsica, France

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    International audienceBackground: Toscana virus (TOSV) is an arbovirus belonging to the Bunyaviridae, a family of negative-stranded, enveloped RNA viruses. The virus can be transmitted to humans through the bite of an infected female sand fly of the genus Phlebotomus. Infections are usually asymptomatic but the virus is known to cause aseptic meningitis and/or meningo-encephalitis in the Mediterranean countries. Dogs are good sentinels for detection of viral circulation and are more easily accessible than wild animals.Findings: In 2013 and 2014, we collected sera from 231 adult dogs living in 26 counties in two departments in Corsica, a French island in the Mediterranean. The virus microneutralization-based seroprevalence assay revealed a seropositivity of 3.9 % dogs on the eastern coast of Corsica.Conclusions: Our study confirms the circulation of TOSV in Corsica. Accordingly, in geographical areas where dogs possess TOSV neutralizing antibodies, direct and indirect TOSV diagnosis should be implemented in patients presenting with febrile illnesses and central nervous system infections such as meningitis and encephalitis

    First report of the tick Hyalomma scupense (natural vector of bovine tropical theileriosis) on the French Mediterranean island of Corsica

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    International audienceHyalomma scupense (Acari, Ixodidae) is a common tick species found in several areas in North Africa, Asia and South Europe and an efficient natural vector of bovine tropical theileriosis (Theileria annulata), a livestock disease with an important economic impact. For one year, 1938 ticks were collected on cattle in several Corsican slaughterhouses; 168 of them were morphologically identified as H. scupense. This result was confirmed by genetic identification using sequences of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) and ribosomal internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) genes. The presence of 2 different stages (adults and nymphs), collected in various areas of the island, indicates that a population of H. scupense is established in Corsica. However, bovine tropical theileriosis has not been diagnosed on the island so far
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