[Review of:] Doctoral thesis review - Anmeldelse av doktoravhandling. Aslaug Gotehus. 2022. Agency and Temporality in Skilled Migration: Decisions, Experiences and Practices of Filipino Nurses in Norway and the Philippines.

Aslaug Gotehus. 2022. Agency and Temporality in Skilled Migration: Decisions, Experiences and Practices of Filipino Nurses in Norway and the Philippines. Thesis submitted for the degree of pilosophiae doctor (PhD) No. 883, Department of Sociology and Human Geography, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo. 164 pp. + Appendices. ISSN 1564-399

Parameterized Compilation Lower Bounds for Restricted CNF-formulas

We show unconditional parameterized lower bounds in the area of knowledge compilation, more specifically on the size of circuits in decomposable negation normal form (DNNF) that encode CNF-formulas restricted by several graph width measures. In particular, we show that - there are CNF formulas of size $n$ and modular incidence treewidth $k$ whose smallest DNNF-encoding has size $n^{\Omega(k)}$, and - there are CNF formulas of size $n$ and incidence neighborhood diversity $k$ whose smallest DNNF-encoding has size $n^{\Omega(\sqrt{k})}$. These results complement recent upper bounds for compiling CNF into DNNF and strengthen---quantitatively and qualitatively---known conditional low\-er bounds for cliquewidth. Moreover, they show that, unlike for many graph problems, the parameters considered here behave significantly differently from treewidth

Estimating Density Dependence, Environmental Variance, and Long-Term Selection on a Stage-Structured Life History

A method for analyzing long-term demographic data on density-dependent stage-structured populations in a stochastic environment is derived to facilitate comparison of populations and species with different life histories. We assume that a weighted sum of stage abundances, N, exerts density dependence on stage-specific vital rates of survival and reproduction and that N has a small or moderate coefficient of variation. The dynamics of N are approximated as a univariate stochastic process governed by three key parameters: the density-independent growth rate, the net density dependence, and environmental variance in the life history. We show how to estimate the relative weighs of stages in N and the key parameters. Life history evolution represents a stochastic maximization of a simple function of the key parameters. The long-term selection gradient on the life history can be expressed as a vector of sensitivities of this function with respect to density-independent, density-dependent, and stochastic components of the vital rates. To illustrate the method, we analyze 38 years of demographic data on a great tit population, estimating the key parameters, which accurately predict the observed mean, coefficient of variation, and fluctuation rate of N; we also evaluate the long-term selection gradient on the life history.</p

Does waste feed from salmon farming affect the quality of saithe (Pollachius virens L.) attracted to fish farms?

Salmon farms attract large amounts of wild fish, which prey on uneaten feed pellets. The modified diet of the wild fish aggregating at salmon farms may reduce the flesh quality of the fish, influencing the local fisheries. We compared the quality of saithe (Pollachius virens) captured near (farm associated—FA) or more than 5 km away (un‐associated—UA) from salmon farms in Norway. The fish were captured during summer, autumn and spring using two commercial fishing methods (jigging and bottom nets). Overall, the fillet quality of FA saithe was good, although it was clearly reduced for almost 10% of the catch. Moreover, the quality of the FA saithe was significantly reduced compared with UA saithe, but the differences were small. Our results also showed that fish caught with jigging had better quality than fish caught with nets, and that fish that died in the nets were of lower quality than fish that were alive after hauling. There was no clear variation among seasons in fillet quality. Although no major and overall differences in quality were found between FA and UA saithe, reduced quality for even a modest proportion of the fish may influence the value of the total catch.The study was funded by the Norwegian Seafood Research Fund through the ProCoEx project (Project number: 900772) and the Norwegian Research Council through the project ‘ECOCOAST’. Kilian Toledo‐Guedes was supported by a grant from Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway through the EEA Financial Mechanism (ES07‐EEA Grants, 013‐ABEL‐IM‐2013), operated by Universidad Complutense de Madrid, and Juan de la Cierva Program FJCI‐2014‐20100 and IJCI‐2017‐34174 from Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades

Confidentiality and surveillance challenges for psychologists working in men’s football academies in England

We examine challenges to confidentiality experienced by sports psychologists in men’s English football academies. Sixteen psychologists, six women, and ten men working in English football academies participated in two semi-structured interviews. We carried out a reflexive thematic analysis after each round of interviews and developed two themes: (1) challenges to client-psychologist confidentiality; (2) a context of normalized surveillance. First, participants explained that several staff members (e.g., coaches, managers, and support staff) would use covert and subtle ways to make psychologists break confidentiality. This included trying to get the psychologist to “slip up.” Second, the football academy context was characterized by widespread surveillance of players. It was evident that it is common practice for clubs to gather objective and self-report data creating extreme transparency in the young people’s lives. We also propose two research-based solutions allowing psychologists to handle these issues

Confidentiality and surveillance challenges for psychologists working in men’s football academies in England

We examine challenges to confidentiality experienced by sports psychologists in men’s English football academies. Sixteen psychologists, six women, and ten men working in English football academies participated in two semi-structured interviews. We carried out a reflexive thematic analysis after each round of interviews and developed two themes: (1) challenges to client-psychologist confidentiality; (2) a context of normalized surveillance. First, participants explained that several staff members (e.g., coaches, managers, and support staff) would use covert and subtle ways to make psychologists break confidentiality. This included trying to get the psychologist to “slip up.” Second, the football academy context was characterized by widespread surveillance of players. It was evident that it is common practice for clubs to gather objective and self-report data creating extreme transparency in the young people’s lives. We also propose two research-based solutions allowing psychologists to handle these issues