Estimation of specific cutting energy in an S235 alloy for multi-directional ultrasonic vibration-assisted machining using the Finite Element Method

The objective of this work is to analyze the influence of the vibration-assisted turning process on the machinability of S235 carbon steel. During the experiments using this vibrational machining process, the vibrational amplitude and frequency of the cutting tool were adjusted to drive the tool tip in an elliptical or linear motion in the feed direction. Furthermore, a finite element analysis was deployed to investigate the mechanical response for different vibration-assisted cutting conditions. The results show how the specific cutting energy and the material’s machinability behave when using different operational cutting parameters, such as vibration frequency and tool tip motion in the x-axis, y-axis, and elliptical (x-y plane) motion. Then, the specific cutting energy and material’s machinability are compared with a conventional turning process, which helps to validate the finite element method (FEM) for the vibration-assisted process. As a result of the operating parameters used, the vibration-assisted machining process leads to a machinability improvement of up to 18% in S235 carbon steel. In particular, higher vibration frequencies were shown to increase the material’s machinability due to the specific cutting energy decrease. Therefore, the finite element method can be used to predict the vibration-assisted cutting and the specific cutting energy, based on predefined cutting parameters.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

«A Baptism of Fire»: Towards a Practical Hybrid Approach for the Lexicographic Indexation of Phraseological Units with Religious Lexical Components in English and Spanish

Traditionally, researchers have had a particular interest in the study of the relationship between phraseology and lexicography [e.g., Alonso Ramos (2006); Mellado Blanco (2008); Buendía Castro and Faber (2015); Paquot (2015); Nuccorini (2020)] to the point of having labeled it a «scientific marriage» (Leroyer 2006). In addition, scholars have been increasingly interested in the semantic analysis of phraseological units (henceforth PUs) [e.g., Grčić Simeunović and de Santiago (2016) and Torijano and Recio (2019)]. Among the problems that these and several other studies have pointed out, there is the recurrent reference to inaccuracy and difficulty in indexing PUs in lexicographic resources. Although some scholars consider onomasiological approaches as an interesting starting point [e.g., Bosque (2017) and Siepmann (2008)], a systematic methodology in phraseology that includes both the semantical analysis of the entries and their indexation is still needed./nWe intend to address that need here through the analysis of 242 idioms (199 in Spanish and 43 in English) extracted from a 21,045-idiom database that was compiled from two phraseological dictionaries: the Diccionario fraseológico documentado del español actual (henceforth DFDEA) (Seco, Andrés et al., 2004), and the Collins COBUILD Dictionary of Idioms (henceforth CCDOI) (Sinclair and Moon 1997). The criteria employed to select the resulting analysis units were: (i) they had to include at least one lexical component related to religion, and (ii) the idiom had to be nominal or verbal. The religious component was identified semi-automatically by using the UCREL's Semantic Analysis System (USAS) (Archer et al., 2002)./nThe contributions of this paper are as follows: (i) it presents a lexicographic analysis of the macrostructure and microstructure of the two phraseological resources previously mentioned, (ii) it offers a model of semantic analysis for PUs with religion-related components, (iii) it proposes an alternative indexation method of PUs in lexicographic resources involving semasiological and onomasiological approaches; and finally, (iv) it shows a systematic way to use semantic and pragmatic information in order to create semantic entries for PUs./nIn conclusion, by closely examining said set of phraseological entries, this study sheds light on the semantic composition of Pus. It also suggests a systematic hybrid approach for their lexicographic indexation in English and Spanish.Tradicionalmente, los investigadores han demostrado un particular interés por el estudio de la relación entre fraseología y lexicografía [p. ej. Alonso Ramos (2006); Mellado Blanco (2008); Buendía Castro y Faber (2015); Paquot (2015); Nuccorini (2020)] hasta el punto de denominarlo «matrimonio científico» (Leroyer 2006). De igual manera, los académicos se han interesado de manera creciente por el análisis semántico de las unidades fraseológicas (en nuestro texto, PUs, por sus siglas en inglés) [e.g., Grčić Simeunović y de Santiago (2016) y Torijano y Recio (2019)]. Entre los problemas que estos y otros estudios han señalado se encuentra la recurrente referencia a la inexactitud y la dificultad para indexar las PUs en los recursos lexicográficos. Aunque algunos investigadores consideran los enfoques onomasiológicos como un interesante punto de partida [e.g., Bosque (2017) y Siepmann (2008)], sigue siendo necesario establecer una metodología sistemática respecto a la fraseología que incluya tanto el análisis semántico de las entradas como su indexación./nNos proponemos abordar esta necesidad analizando 242 modismos (199 en español y 43 en inglés) extraídos de una base de datos con 21.045 modismos que ha sido compilada a partir de dos diccionarios fraseológicos: el Diccionario fraseológico documentado del español actual (en adelante DFDEA) (Seco, Andrés et al., 2004), y el Collins COBUILD Dictionary of Idioms (en adelante CCDOI) (Sinclair y Moon 1997). Los criterios empleados para seleccionar las unidades resultantes con vistas a su análisis han sido: (i) debían incluir al menos un componente léxico relacionado con la religión, y (ii) el modismo tenía que ser nominal o verbal. El componente religioso fue identificado de manera semi-automática utilizando el UCREL's Semantic Analysis System (USAS) (Archer et al., 2002)./nLas aportaciones de este artículo son las siguientes: (i) presenta un análisis lexicográfico de la macroestructura y la microestructura de los dos recursos fraseológicos antes mencionados, (ii) ofrece un modelo de análisis semántico para las PUs con componentes relacionados con la religión, (iii) propone un método de indexación alternativa de las PUs en recursos lexicográficos que implican enfoques semasiológicos y onomasiológicos; y finalmente, (iv) propone una manera sistemática de utilizar la información semántica y pragmática para crear entradas semánticas para las PUs./nEn conclusión, al examinar dicha serie de entradas fraseológicas, este estudio arroja luz sobre la composición semántica de las PUs. También sugiere un enfoque híbrido sistemático para su indexación lexicográfica en inglés y español

Shoc2/Sur8 protein regulates neurite outgrowth

This is an openaccess article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License.-- et al.The Shoc2 protein has been implicated in the positive regulation of the Ras-ERK pathway by increasing the functional binding interaction between Ras and Raf, leading to increased ERK activity. Here we found that Shoc2 overexpression induced sustained ERK phosphorylation, notably in the case of EGF stimulation, and Shoc2 knockdown inhibited ERK activation. We demonstrate that ectopic overexpression of human Shoc2 in PC12 cells significantly promotes neurite extension in the presence of EGF, a stimulus that induces proliferation rather than differentiation in these cells. Finally, Shoc2 depletion reduces both NGF-induced neurite outgrowth and ERK activation in PC12 cells. Our data indicate that Shoc2 is essential to modulate the Ras-ERK signaling outcome in cell differentiation processes involved in neurite outgrowth.GL, TG and LMD were recipients of fellowships from the Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia (MEC) (to GL, TG), and Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias (FIS) (to LMD). LSR held a postdoctoral research contract from CIBERNED. This work was supported by FIS grant (PI10/00815) to JLO; CIBERNED to MC; SAF2008-01951, Comunidad Autónoma de Madrid (CAM) SSAL-0202-2006-01 and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED) to TI; FIS grant PI12/00775 and ISCIII-RETIC (Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa en Cáncer) RD12/0036/0027 from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III to PSG; and FIS grants (PI09/0562 and PI13/00703), ISCIIIRETIC (RD06/0020/0003 and RD12/0036/0021), and the Spanish Association Against Cancer (AECC) to JMR.Peer Reviewe

Innovación en el periodismo emprendedor deportivo : modelo de negocio y narrativas

El periodismo emprendedor es el conjunto de iniciativas creadas desde 2008 por periodistas para afrontar la transformación del mercado periodístico español. La especialización en el deporte se ha convertido en uno de los ejes de crecimiento, copando alrededor del 17% del mercado de nuevos medios. Se evalúa el grado de innovación producido en la producción periodística. La metodología utiliza dos variables: la propuesta de valor, en particular el modelo de negocio, y la narrativa periodística. Se han censado 65 nuevos medios y se han cruzado ambas variables. Se observa que los nuevos proyectos que emplean géneros tradicionales (noticias, servicios informativos) son menos innovadores en la búsqueda de modelos de negocio. A la inversa, la apuesta por géneros diferentes (lectura pausada) va de la mano de modelos no basados sólo en la publicidad y la venta de ejemplares. Se concluye que hay poca innovación en 41 proyectos de noticias deportivas, y se destacan al menos 8 iniciativas con una propuesta innovadora.Entrepreneurial journalism is the set of projects created since 2008 by journalists to deal with the transformation of the Spanish media market. Specialization in sports stands out as one of the levers of growth, constituting around 17 per cent of the new media outlets. The degree of innovation in journalism production are analyzed through the measurement of two elements: their value proposition, in particular their business model, and the new ways of storytelling deployed in journalism. We identified and assessed 65 new media according to their degree of innovation. We concluded that new projects generating traditional genres (news, information services) are less innovative in the pursuit of business models. Conversely, the use of different genres (slow journalism) goes hand in hand with models not based only on advertising and sales. In conclusion, while there is little innovation in 41 projects of sports news, at least 8 initiatives with an innovative proposal stand out

Entrepreneurial journalism: sports journalism in Spain

Introduction. This article analyses entrepreneurial journalism as a phenomenon that has emerged in Spain‟s news media industry and has developed strongly in the sports news. Method. The analysis is based on the identification and analysis of the media startups launched since 2008 and on the results of the 2013 Report of the Journalistic Profession published by the Press Association of Madrid. Results. Sports journalism is a field that favours innovation and the creation of a diversity of projects. Two tendencies stand out: hyperlocal start-ups and niche information products. Discussion. The article examines the contribution of these projects to the current structure of the journalism industry, as well as their viability, characteristic business models, and common patterns. Conclusions. Sports journalism is still at an expansive phase and involves new ways of managing internet-based businesses that rely heavily on the personal brand of journalists, as well as new thematic areas and contents

Design and Characterization of a Planar Micro-Conveyor Device Based on Cooperative Legged Piezoelectric MEMS Resonators

This paper reports the design, fabrication, and performance of a hybrid piezoelectric planar micro-conveyor based on Micro-Electromechanical Systems (MEMS) bridge resonators and featuring 3D-printed vertical legs. The device includes two cooperating silicon plate resonators with an area of 5 × 1 mm2 , actuated by an integrated aluminum-nitride (AlN) piezoelectric thin film. An optimally designed array of 3D-printed projection legs was attached to the plates, to convert the standing-wave (SW) vertical vibrations into horizontal rotations or translations of the supported slider. An open-loop control strategy based on burst-type driving signals, with different numbers of sinusoidal cycles applied on each of the resonators, allowed the cooperation of the two bridges to set up prescribed trajectories of small flat objects, up to 100 mg, with positional accuracy below 100 nm and speeds up to 20 mm/s, by differential drive actuation. The effect of the leg tip and sliders’ surface finish on the conveyor performance was investigated, suggesting that further optimizations may be possible by modifying the tribological properties. Finally, the application of the micro-conveyor as a reconfigurable electronic system, driven by a preprogrammed sequence of signals, was demonstrated by delivering some surface-mount technology (SMD) parts lying on a 65 mg glass slider

Hipoplasia de la valva posterior de la válvula mitral y válvula aórtica bicúspide. Una muy rara asociación para encontrar en un paciente adulto

The congenital heart diseases are a diagnostic challenge for the clinician, particularly when they are presented in an adult. These types of anomalies that are observed in the mitral valve can be presented in isolated form or together with other heart defects. The case is presented of a patient with severe hypoplasia of the posterior mitral valve leaflet. This anomaly is, under normal conditions, fatal before birth or very symptomatic during childhood, and its delayed presentation is extremely rare and difficult to find in the adult. This the first case reported, not only in this country, but in the whole of South America. © 2018 Sociedad Colombiana de Cardiología y Cirugía Cardiovascula

Procedimiento legislativo especial “fast track” vs principio constitucional de democracia deliberativa

The special legislative procedure for peace "Fast Track" was contemplated in Legislative Act 1 of 2016, on the occasion of the peace negotiations between the national government headed by former President Juan Manuel Santos Calderón and the subversive group "Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia ”, In order to provide a more expeditious, secure and transitory way to pass laws and constitutional reforms necessary to legally implement said agreement.This procedure, in practice reduced the number of debates required in congress for the approval of laws or reforms, going then from eight to three debates. His second claim was to temporarily eliminate the obligation to vote en bloc; It is then that the question arises about the contradiction that this procedure could generate with the “Principle of deliberative democracy", in the understanding that in Colombia since the 1980s this concept, this concept, has been defined and resignified by numerous influential political actors. It itself arose due to the crisis of classical constitutionalism that was supported by aggregative conceptions of democracy, while deliberative democracy brought with it an air of credibility by subjecting the laws to be passed to exhaustive political and constitutional control.El procedimiento legislativo especial para la paz “Fast Track” fue contemplado en el acto legislativo 1 del 2016, con ocasión de las negociaciones de paz entre el gobierno nacional en cabeza del expresidente Juan Manuel Santos Calderón y el grupo subversivo “ Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia”, con el fin de dar una vía de mayor celeridad, seguridad y transitoriedad para aprobar leyes y reformas constitucionales necesarias que permitieran implementar jurídicamente dicho acuerdo. Este procedimiento, en la práctica reducía el número de debates que en el Congreso se requieren para la aprobación de las leyes o reformas, pasando entonces de ocho a tres debates, su segunda pretensión fue la de eliminar temporalmente la obligatoriedad de votar en bloque; Es entonces cuando atañe el interrogante sobre la contradicción que entendido que en Colombia desde la década de 1980, se ha definido y resignificado por numerosos e influyentes actores políticos este concepto, este mismo surgió debido a la crisis del constitucionalismo clásico que era sustentada en concepciones agregativas de lademocracia, mientras que la democracia deliberativa traía consigo un aire de credibilidad al someter a un exhaustivo control político y constitucional las leyes por aprobar

Special legislative procedure "fast track" vs constitutional principle of deliberative democracy

El procedimiento legislativo especial para la paz “Fast Track” fue contemplado en el acto legislativo 1 del 2016, con ocasión de las negociaciones de paz entre el gobierno nacional en cabeza del expresidente Juan Manuel Santos Calderón y el grupo subversivo “Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia”, con el fin de dar una vía de mayor celeridad, seguridad y transitoriedad para aprobar leyes y reformas constitucionales necesarias que permitieran implementar jurídicamente dicho acuerdo. Este procedimiento, en la práctica reducía el número de debates que en el Congreso se requieren para la aprobación de las leyes o reformas, pasando entonces de ocho a tres debates, su segunda pretensión fue la de eliminar temporalmente la obligatoriedad de votar en bloque; Es entonces cuando atañe el interrogante sobre la contradicción que este procedimiento podría generar con el “Principio de democracia deliberativa”, en el entendido que en Colombia desde la década de 1980, se ha definido y resignificado por numerosos e influyentes actores políticos este concepto, este mismo surgió debido a la crisis del constitucionalismo clásico que era sustentada en concepciones agregativas de la democracia, mientras que la democracia deliberativa traía consigo un aire de credibilidad al someter a un exhaustivo control político y constitucional las leyes por aprobar.Universidad Libre Seccional Socorro - Facultad de derecho y ciencias políticasThe special legislative procedure for peace "Fast Track" was contemplated in Legislative Act 1 of 2016, on the occasion of the peace negotiations between the national government headed by former President Juan Manuel Santos Calderón and the subversive group "Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia ”, In order to provide a more expeditious, secure and transitory way to pass laws and constitutional reforms necessary to legally implement said agreement. This procedure, in practice reduced the number of debates required in congress for the approval of laws or reforms, going then from eight to three debates. His second claim was to temporarily eliminate the obligation to vote en bloc; It is then that the question arises about the contradiction that this procedure could generate with the "Principle of deliberative democracy", in the understanding that in Colombia since the 1980s this concept, this concept, has been defined and resignified by numerous influential political actors. It itself arose due to the crisis of classical constitutionalism that was supported by aggregative conceptions of democracy, while deliberative democracy brought with it an air of credibility by subjecting the laws to be passed to exhaustive political and constitutional control

Model-based systems engineering applied to trade-off analysis of wireless power transfer technologies for implanted biomedical microdevices

Decision-making is an important part of human life and particularly in any engineering process related to a complex product. New sensors and actuators based on MEMS technologies are increasingly complex and quickly evolving into products. New biomedical implanted devices may benefit from system engineering approaches, previously reserved to very large projects, and it is expected that this need will increase in the future. Here, we propose the application of Model Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) to systematize and optimize the trade-off analysis process. The criteria, their utility functions and the weighting factors are applied in a systematic way for the selection of the best alternative. Combining trade-off with MBSE allow us to identify the more suitable technology to be implemented to transfer energy to an implanted biomedical micro device.European Commissio