The development of a protocol for the analysis of genetic expression through «differential display», as a means to reducing the number of false positives

Entre los métodos empleados para los análisis de la expresión de genes, el método de "differentialdisplay" ha sido ampliamente utilizado y, a pesar del uso extendido de los "microarrays", es aún unmétodo válido para el análisis con muestras cuyo transcriptoma es desconocido. Con el objeto de reducirel elevado número de falsos positivos que genera esta técnica, hemos optimizado el protocolo parareducir la posibilidad de generar falsos positivos. En primer lugar, hemos marcado radiactivamente elcebador oligo-dT con lo que los fragmentos de DNA identificados son extremos 3'-UTR de RNAm. Pormuestra hemos realizado dos transcripciones inversas y dos reacciones de PCR en cada una de ellas. Paraseleccionar un fragmento de DNA, debía estar diferencialmente expresado en las 4 reacciones de PCR.Por último, todos los fragmentos fueron clonados y secuenciados por triplicado. Estas modificacionesal protocolo nos ha permitido identificar 5 genes expresados diferencialmente entre células epitelialesde intestino en estado proliferativo y diferenciado.The analysis of genetic expression, the differential display (DD) method has been widely used, but inspite of the extensive use of the «microarrays» method, it is still to be considered as a valid methodfor the analysis of samples whose transcriptone is not known. In this work, an attempt has been madeto reduce the high number of false positives generated by this technique by optimising method protocol.As a preliminary step, we radioactively marked the oligo dT primer with which the fragments ofidentified DNA were extreme 3'-UTR of mRNA. For each sample two inverse transcriptions and twoPCR reactions were performed. Only fragments of DNA that are expressed differentially in all 4 PCRreactions should be selected. Finally, all of the fragments were cloned and sequenced in triplicate. Theseprotocol modifications have allowed us to identify 5 differentially expressed genes, in intestinal epithelialcells in both proliferative and differentiated states

Caveolin-1 Modulates Mechanotransduction Responses to Substrate Stiffness through Actin-Dependent Control of YAP

The transcriptional regulator YAP orchestrates many cellular functions, including tissue homeostasis, organ growth control, and tumorigenesis. Mechanical stimuli are a key input to YAP activity, but the mechanisms controlling this regulation remain largely uncharacterized. We show that CAV1 positively modulates the YAP mechanoresponse to substrate stiffness through actin-cytoskeleton-dependent and Hippo-kinase-independent mechanisms. RHO activity is necessary, but not sufficient, for CAV1-dependent mechanoregulation of YAP activity. Systematic quantitative interactomic studies and image-based small interfering RNA (siRNA) screens provide evidence that this actin-dependent regulation is determined by YAP interaction with the 14-3-3 protein YWHAH. Constitutive YAP activation rescued phenotypes associated with CAV1 loss, including defective extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling. CAV1-mediated control of YAP activity was validated in vivo in a model of pancreatitis-driven acinar-to-ductal metaplasia. We propose that this CAV1-YAP mechanotransduction system controls a significant share of cell programs linked to these two pivotal regulators, with potentially broad physiological and pathological implications. Moreno-Vicente et al. report that CAV1, a key component of PM mechanosensing caveolae, mediates adaptation to ECM rigidity by modulating YAP activity through the control of actin dynamics and phosphorylation-dependent interaction of YAP with the 14-3-3-domain protein YWHAH. Cav1-dependent YAP regulation drives two pathophysiological processes: ECM remodeling and pancreatic ADM. © 2018 The Author

Evaluation of two MM5-PBL parameterizations for solar radiation and temperature estimation in the South-Eastern area of the Iberian Peninsula

We study the relative performance of two different MM5-PBL parameterizations (Blackadar and MRF) simulating hourly values of solar irradiance and temperature in the south-eastern part of the Iberian Peninsula. The evaluation was carried out throughout the different seasons of the year 2005 and for three different sky conditions: clear-sky, broken-clouds and overcast conditions. Two integrations, one per PBL parameterization, were carried out for every sky condition and season of the year and results were compared with observational data. Overall, the MM5 model, both using the Blackadar or MRF PBL parameterization, revealed to be a valid tool to estimate hourly values of solar radiation and temperature over the study area. The influence of the PBL parameterization on the model estimates was found to be more important for the solar radiation than for the temperature and highly dependent on the season and sky conditions. Particularly, a detailed analysis revealed that, during broken-clouds conditions, the ability of the model to reproduce hourly changes in the solar radiation strongly depends upon the selected PBL parameterization. Additionally, it was found that solar radiation RMSE values are about one order of magnitude higher during broken-clouds and overcast conditions compared to clear-sky conditions. For the temperature, the two PBL parameterizations provide very similar estimates. Only under overcast conditions and during the autumn, the MRF provides significantly better estimates

Identidad y competencias interculturales

Nos proponemos los siguientes objetivos: Identificar las circunstancias personales y familiares relacionadas con el proceso de integración social de los inmigrantes en Granada, conocer sus expectativas de promoción personal y social, así como identificar el desarrollo de competencias interculturales como base para la constante reconstrucción de la identidad. Tres han sido los colectivos de estudio: inmigrantes magrebíes, latinoamericanos y europeos del este. La metodología utilizada ha sido la entrevista y el cuestionario. En los resultados aportamos importante información para la caracterización de la inmigración en Granada y las competencias interculturales para una integración social y cultural de los mismos

Caracterización y evaluaciçón de la capacidad de uso de los suelos de la comarca de "El Aljarafe" (Sevilla)

8 páginas, 5 tablas y 7 referencias. Comunicación presentada en las Actas del VII Congreso Nacional de Química (Química Agrícola y Alimentaria/2). Sevilla (España). 12 al 17 de Octubre de 1987. Vol. 1: "El suelo: fertilidad y fertilizantes". "La planta: aspectos bioquímicos y fisiológicos". "Protección vegetal"The soils of "El Aljarafe" region (Seville) are studied. As a result, different soils are found and classified into 19 taxonomic units of "Soil Taxonomy" (1975) System. Also. their land capability to relative, use, their erosion hazard and their ability for irrigation purposes, are evaluted. A soil map finally, to scale 1/50.000, with the results of the evaluation, is added.Peer reviewe

Modelling the dynamics of the students academic performance in the German region of North Rhine- Westphalia: an epidemiological approach with uncertainty

This is an author's accepted manuscript of an article published in "International Journal of Computer Mathematics"; Volume 91, Issue 2, 2014; copyright Taylor & Francis; available online at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00207160.2013.813937Student academic underachievement is a concern of paramount importance in Europe, where around 15% of the students in the last high school courses do not achieve the minimum knowledge academic requirement. In this paper, we propose a model based on a system of differential equations to study the dynamics of the students academic performance in the German region of North Rhine-Westphalia. This approach is supported by the idea that both, good and bad study habits, are a mixture of personal decisions and influence of classmates. This model allows us to forecast the student academic performance by means of confidence intervals over the next few years.This work has been partially supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness grant MTM2009-08587 and Universitat Politecnica de Valencia grant PAID06-11-2070.Cortés, J.; Ehrhardt, M.; Sánchez Sánchez, A.; Santonja, F.; Villanueva Micó, RJ. (2014). Modelling the dynamics of the students academic performance in the German region of North Rhine- Westphalia: an epidemiological approach with uncertainty. International Journal of Computer Mathematics. 91(2):241-251. https://doi.org/10.1080/00207160.2013.813937S241251912Akaike, H. (1969). Fitting autoregressive models for prediction. Annals of the Institute of Statistical Mathematics, 21(1), 243-247. doi:10.1007/bf02532251Brockwell, P. J., & Davis, R. A. (1996). Introduction to Time Series and Forecasting. Springer Texts in Statistics. doi:10.1007/978-1-4757-2526-1Dogan, G. (2007). Bootstrapping for confidence interval estimation and hypothesis testing for parameters of system dynamics models. System Dynamics Review, 23(4), 415-436. doi:10.1002/sdr.362Efron, B. (1979). Bootstrap Methods: Another Look at the Jackknife. The Annals of Statistics, 7(1), 1-26. doi:10.1214/aos/1176344552LJUNG, G. M., & BOX, G. E. P. (1979). The likelihood function of stationary autoregressive-moving average models. Biometrika, 66(2), 265-270. doi:10.1093/biomet/66.2.265Martcheva, M., & Castillo-Chavez, C. (2003). Diseases with chronic stage in a population with varying size. Mathematical Biosciences, 182(1), 1-25. doi:10.1016/s0025-5564(02)00184-0J.D. Murray,Mathematical Biology, Springer, New York, 2002.Nelder, J. A., & Mead, R. (1965). A Simplex Method for Function Minimization. The Computer Journal, 7(4), 308-313. doi:10.1093/comjnl/7.4.308Yazici, B., & Yolacan, S. (2007). A comparison of various tests of normality. Journal of Statistical Computation and Simulation, 77(2), 175-183. doi:10.1080/10629360600678310M.Á.M. Zabal, P.F. Berrocal, C. Coll, and M. de los Ángeles Melero Zabal,La Interacción Social en Contextos Educativos[Social interaction in educational contexts], Psicología/Siglo XXI de España Editores Series, Siglo XXI de España, 1995

Evolution of occupational asthma: Does cessation of exposure really improve prognosis?

SummaryAimTo assess the evolution of occupational asthma (OA) depending on whether the patient avoids or continues with exposure to the offending agent.MethodsStudy in patients diagnosed with OA using a specific inhalation challenge. Patients underwent the following examinations on the same day: clinical interview, physical examination, forced spirometry, methacholine test and determination of total IgE. Clinical improvement, deterioration or no change were defined according to the changes seen on the GINA severity scale at the time of diagnosis.ResultsOf the 73 patients finally included, 55 had totally ended exposure and 18 continued to be exposed at work. Clinical improvement was observed in 47% of those who had terminated exposure and in 22% of those who remained exposed; clinical deterioration was observed in 14% and 17% respectively (p = 0.805). Logistical regression analysis, including the type of agent and the persistence or avoidance of exposure among the variables, did not show any predictive factors of clinical evolution. Similarly, the changes in FEV1 and in bronchial hyperresponsiveness were not associated with the avoidance or continuation of exposure to the causative agent.ConclusionsAvoiding exposure to the causative agent in patients with OA does not seem to improve prognosis in this disease. Despite these findings, there is insufficient evidence to recommend a change in current management guidelines