Influence of coaches training on athletes motivation

El objetivo del estudio era conocer la influencia de las formaciones académica y federativa de los entrenadores sobre los niveles de motivación, diversión, aburrimiento e intención de persistencia en jóvenes deportistas. Para ello, participaron 432 jóvenes con edades entre 10 y 16 años (M = 13,44; DT = 2,92), pertenecientes a disciplinas deportivas individuales (n = 162) y colectivas (n = 270), de género masculino (n = 245) y femenino (n = 187), seleccionados mediante un muestreo por conglomerados. También, participaron 88 entrenadores deportivos, con edades entre los 20 y 56 años (M = 35,79; DT = 9,58). Se llevó a cabo un análisis de diferencias en función de la cualificación académica y federativa de los entrenadores. Los resultados señalaron que los deportistas dirigidos por entrenadores sin formación federativa presentaban mayores niveles de desmotivación. Asimismo, los deportistas entrenados por técnicos sin titulación académica obtuvieron mayores puntuaciones en las regulaciones extrínsecas (identificada y externa). Por tanto, los hallazgos respaldan parcialmente la relevancia de la formación de los entrenadores, obteniéndose diferencias en regulaciones alejadas del máximo nivel de autodeterminación (externa), desmotivación y aburrimientoThe aim of the study was to examine the influence of the coaches´ academic and federative training on motivation, enjoyment, boredom and intention to persist levels in youth athletes. Participants were 432 youth athletes (male = 245, female = 187) ranged from 10 to 16 years old (M = 13.44; SD = 2.92) who participated in individual (n = 163) and collectives sports (n = 270) selected by cluster sampling. Moreover, 88 sport coaches, ranged from 20 to 56 years old (M = 35,79; SD = 9,58), participated in the study. An analysis of differences with regard to academic and federative coaches´ qualification was conducted. Results revealed that athletes trained by coaches without federative training showed greater amotivation levels. Moreover, individuals trained by coaches without academic qualification had higher scores in extrinsic regulation (identified and external). Therefore, findings partially supported the relevance of coaches’ qualification levels, due to the differences found in some extrinsic regulations (external), amotivation and boredo

Transporte marítimo de corta distancia entre España e Italia: perfil de las empresas usuarias

El Transporte Marítimo de Corta Distancia (TMCD) ha sido catalogado por la Comisión Europea como el único modo de transporte que ofrece posibilidades reales de lograr un transvase de carga desde la carretera, mejorando además la competitividad y reduciendo los costes ambientales. En los últimos años se han llevado a cabo diversos estudios donde se han tratado de identificar líneas de TMCD con un potencial de futuro importante. Sin embargo, no se han abordado trabajos donde se evalúe el perfil de las empresas de transporte internacional por carretera que hacen uso de esta modalidad de transporte. Con el propósito de cubrir este déficit, en el presente trabajo se procede, sobre una muestra de 81 empresas de transporte internacional por carretera (41 españolas, 3 portuguesas y 37 italianas) que hacen uso de las líneas de TMCD entre España e Italia, a delimitar el perfil de dichas empresas, a la vez que a analizar ciertos elementos inherentes a la relación que mantienen con las navieras con las que trabaja

Gender differences in motivation and perception of utility of the scholar spot

El principal objetivo del estudio es analizar las diferencias entre el nivel de autodeterminación y la satisfacción de las necesidades psicológicas básicas en función del género y su incidencia sobre la percepción de utilidad del deporte. Participaron en el estudio 1897 jóvenes jugadores de baloncesto, balonmano, fútbol y voleibol (1378 chicos y 519 chicas). Diferentes instrumentos fueron utilizados para medir las distintas variables abordadas en el estudio. Los resultados mostraron que los chicos presentan puntuaciones más altas en todos los tipos de motivación y que su sentimiento de competencia es más elevado que el de las chicas. Por otro lado, la motivación autodeterminada y la satisfacción de las necesidades conducen a percibir mayor utilidad del deporte en ambos génerosThe aim of the study was to analyze the differences between self-determination level and satisfaction of the three psychological needs with respect to gender and their influence on the perception of utility of the sport. The sample comprised 1897 basketball, handball, football and volleyball young players (1378 boys and 519 girls). Different measures were used to examine the differences between the variables contained in the study. Results showed that boys were more intrinsically and extrinsically motivated and showed less a motivation than girls, as well as their scored higher in competence than girls. However, both for boys and girls, self-determined motivation and psychological needs satisfaction led to a greater perception of utility of the spor

Method for forming a magnec field of arbitrary shape from an established template

A strategy to design a particular form of magnetic field along an axis from a coaxial inductor is described. The procedure is illustrated with the design of a constant magnetic field inside a cubic inductor. It validates the goodness of the method by comparing the results with all possible combinations of inductance within a limited set of solutions. Keywords: Magnetic field, magnetic sensor, Helmholtz coils.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Method for forming a magnetic field of arbitrary shape from an established template

A strategy to design a particular form of magnetic field along an axis from a coaxial inductor is described. The procedure is illustrated with the design of a constant magnetic field inside a cubic inductor. It validates the goodness of the method by comparing the results with all possible combinations of inductance within a limited set of solutions.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Analysis of the group process and the performance in semiprofessional soccer

El principal objetivo del estudio es aplicar un modelo teórico analizando dos de los antecedentes de la eficacia colectiva, el clima motivacional y la cohesión grupal, y su principal consecuencia como es el rendimiento. Los participantes fueron 203 futbolistas que participaban en el grupo XIV de la Liga Nacional de Tercera División, que rellenaron diversos instrumentos para valorar el clima motivacional, la cohesión y la eficacia colectiva. Los resultados obtenidos señalan que el modelo teórico que se aplica confirma que el clima que implica a la tarea predice la cohesión grupal. Además, la cohesión tarea se manifiesta como el principal predictor de la eficacia colectiva, y ésta a su vez del rendimiento. La principal conclusión es que para optimizar la percepción de eficacia colectiva y con ello, la mejora del rendimiento, parece fundamental que los entrenadores planteen estrategias para fomentar los aspectos tarea del clima motivacional y la cohesión grupal en los jugadores.The main aim of the study was to test a theoretical model examining two of the antecedents of the collective efficacy, motivational climate and group cohesion, as well as performance as their principal consequence. Participants were 203 footballers who played in the XIV group of National League in Third Division and filled several instruments to assess motivational climate, cohesion and collective efficacy. The theoretical model showed that mastery climate predicted group cohesion. Furthermore, task cohesion emerged as the strongest predictor of collective efficacy, and this variable predicted performance. The main conclusion is that to optimize perception of collective efficacy and so, increase performance, it seems important that coaches promote strategies to enhance task related motivational climate and group cohesion in players

The Effect of Cranio-Cervical Position on Core Muscle Activation during the Prone Plank Exercise

This study aimed to investigate the influence of head position on the electromyographical activity of the core muscles during the prone plank exercise. Twenty healthy participants were enrolled in this study. Muscle activation was registered using surface electromyography in the rectus abdominis, external oblique, internal oblique, and the lumbar portion of erector spinae. Three plank conditions were randomly evaluated, varying the position of the cranio-cervical segment during the plank performance (neutral, flexion and extension). The activation of each individual examined muscle and the overall core muscle activity (Total Intensity), as well as the ratings of perceived exertion were analysed with statistical significance set at p 0.90). The rectus abdominis presented larger activation in flexion compared to the other variations (p 0.70). Flexion elicited a greater response for both sides of external oblique when compared to neutral and extension, and also for both sides of internal oblique compared to the other conditions (p 0.70). Both flexion and extension reported higher exertion rating values compared to neutral (p 0.90). Head position influenced the electromyographical activation of core musculature, showing highest values when performing the plank in a head flexion.This research was funded by Consellería de Educación, Investigación, Cultura y Deporte de la Generalitat Valenciana, and European Social Fund (European Union), Grant Project Number ACIF/2016/048

Masa pulsátil en el cuello: arteria subclavia sobre costilla cervical

A pulsatile mass in the posterior triangle of the neck may induce concern when it grows and starts to bother. We present the case of a young woman who consulted for this reason, in whom a verticalized subclavian artery was identified due to coexistence with cervical rib. Being, for the moment, asymptomatic, it only required a preventive attitude, in addition to an evolutionary follow-up for the possibility of the development of a compressive condition due to thoracic gorge syndrome and/or an arterial aneurysm.Una masa pulsátil en el triángulo posterior del cuello puede inducir preocupación cuando crece y comienza a molestar. Se presenta caso de mujer joven, que consulta por dicho motivo, en la que se identifica una arteria subclavia verticalizada por coexistencia con costilla cervical. Al ser, por el momento, asintomática únicamente requirió una actitud preventiva, además de un seguimiento evolutivo ante la posibilidad del desarrollo de un cuadro compresivo por el síndrome del desfiladero torácico y/o un aneurisma arterial

Análisis del clima motivacional como antecedente de la eficacia colectiva en futbolistas semiprofesionales

Suplemento de artículos seleccionados con revisión del Congreso Andaluz de Psicología de la Actividad Física y el Deporte (13 : 2011 : Sevilla). Editores : José Carlos Caracuel ; Rocío Bohórquez.The main aim of the study was to examine the relationships between the motivational climate created by coaches and peers regarding collective efficacy. To this end, we used a sample of 377 football players belonging to 20 teams in Group XIV of the Spanish Third Division, who completed questionnaires on peer motivational climate, coach motivational climate and collective efficacy. After analyzing the results, we showed that the mastery climate created by peers and coach had a significant and positive relationship to collective efficacy. This association was supported by a regression analysis that showed that the mastery climate was the strongest predictor of collective efficacy. To conclude, we emphasize the importance of promoting a mastery climate in training sessions by coaches and peers to improve collective efficacy

Statistical modelling and satellite monitoring of upward light from public lighting

In this work, we propose an approach to estimating the amount of light wasted by being sent towards the upper hemisphere from urban areas. This is a source of light pollution. The approach is based on a predictive model that provides the fraction of light directed skywards in terms of a small set of identified explanatory variables that characterise the urban landscape and its light sources. The model, built via the statistical analysis of a wide sample of basic urban scenarios to compute accurately the amount of light wasted at each of them, establishes an optimal linear regression function that relates the fraction of wasted flux to relevant variables like the kind of luminaires, the street fill factor, the street width, the building and luminaire heights and the walls and pavement reflectances. We applied this model to evaluate the changes in emissions produced at two urban nuclei in the Deltebre municipality of Catalonia. The results agree reasonably well with those deduced from the radiance measurements made with the VIIRS instrument onboard the Suomi-NPP Earth orbiting satellite