HALLAZGOS RADIOLÓGICOS, ULTRASONOGRÁFICOS Y CITOLÓGICOS DEL NÓDULO MAMARIO EN LA CLÍNICA DE MAMA DEL HOSPITAL MATERNO INFANTIL ISSEMyM EN EL PERIODO DEL 1 DE ENERO DEL 2011 AL 31 DE DICIEMBRE DEL 2011.

La mayoría de las lesiones mamarias benignas se desarrollan a partir de alteraciones del proceso fisiológico evolutivo normal de la mama, considerándose aberraciones normales del desarrollo e involución de la mama. La mastalgia cíclica y algunos Nódulos Mamarios pueden aparecer como un desequilibrio hormonal durante la fase cíclica. Los quistes mamarios, las lesiones esclerosantes-fibroticas y la ectasia ductal se desarrollarían durante la fase de involución hasta la menopausi

Impacto de las posturas forzadas en los docentes odontólogos de la Universidad Regional Autónoma de Los Andes

Introducción: muy poco se habla acerca de las malas posturas en la práctica clínica diaria y sus consecuencias en la salud de los profesionales odontólogos a corto y largo plazo, el ejercicio de esta profesión implica estar expuestos constantemente a presentar ciertos problemas de salud ocupacional. Objetivo: determinar la frecuencia de las diferentes posturas que generan molestias corporales en relación con la especialidad y el análisis de los trastornos musculoesqueléticos y su asociación con los años de la profesión en docentes odontólogos de la Universidad Regional Autónoma de Los Andes. Método: la investigación fue de tipo observacional, transversal y descriptivo. Se aplicó una encuesta en enero de 2023 a un grupo de 46 profesionales de Odontología, determinada como una muestra de tipo intencional no probabilística de forma intencionada. Se consideró la prueba no paramétrica de Ji cuadrado de Pearson, que por la naturaleza de sus variables de tipo cualitativo probó posibles asociaciones entre las estas. Resultados: de todas las posibles asociaciones entre las variables, la que se mostró notablemente significativa correspondió al tiempo de profesión y las molestias principalmente detectadas en la parte baja de la espalda y cuello; lo que denotaría que a mayor tiempo tenga el ejercicio clínico, mayores serán las molestias detectadas como parte de posturas forzadas que adoptan los profesionales. Conclusiones: se encontró asociación o relación significativa entre los años de profesión y los síntomas detectados en los profesionales de Odontología encuestados; lo que indica que a mayor tiempo en el ejercicio clínico pueden devenir mayores problemas a nivel ergonómico. Es importante considerar la aplicación de medidas interventoras para mejorar los aspectos de salud ocupacional, ergonomía e higiene postural

Evaluation of skin expression profiles of patients with vitiligo treated with narrow-band UVB therapy by targeted RNA-seq

Abstract: Background: Vitiligo is characterized by a lack of pigmentation in the skin. To date, there are no studies that analyze the changes in gene expression in the skin of vitiligo patients in response to narrow-band ultraviolet B (nb-UVB) phototherapy treatment. oBjective: Explore the usefulness of new generation RNA sequencing in the identification of gene expression changes in the skin of vitiligo patients treated with nb-UVB phototherapy. Methods: Four skin biopsies (4mm in diameter) were collected from 45 Mexican vitiligo vulgaris patients, 2 specimens before and 2 after treatment with nb-UVB phototherapy, obtained from pigmented and non-pigmented tissue. RNA extracted from the biopsies was analyzed using the Illumina TruSeq Targeted RNA Expression protocol to study the expression of genes that participate in pathways of skin homeostasis. The 2 groups were compared using Student’s t-test and the Mann-Whitney U-test. results: The expression analysis identified differences in 12 genes included in this study after comparing the samples obtained before and after treatment: 5 genes involved in skin pigmentation, 2 genes involved in apoptosis, 2 genes involved in cell survival, 2 genes involved in oxidative stress responses and 1 gene involved in signal transduction mechanisms (p<0.05). study liMitations: The small size of skin biopsies limits the amount of RNA obtained, the number of genes to be analyzed and the use of conventional techniques such as RT-qPCR. conclusion: We demonstrated usefulness of new generation RNA sequencing in the identification of gene expression changes, in addition to identifying new targets in the study of vitiligo. Keywords: Gene expression; Phototherapy; Vitilig

Uridine 5'‑diphospho‑glucronosyltrasferase: Its role in pharmacogenomics and human disease (Review)

Abstract. Biotransformation is an enzyme-catalyzed process in which the body converts endogenous compounds, xenobiotics and toxic substances into harmless or easily excreted metabolites. The biotransformation reactions are classified as phase I and II reactions. Uridine 5'-diphospho (UDP)-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs) are a superfamily of phase II enzymes which have roles in the conjugation of xenobiotics or endogenous compounds, including drugs and bilirubin, with glucuronic acid to make them easier to excrete. The method the human body uses to achieve glucuronidation may be affected by a large interindividual variation due to changes in the sequences of the genes encoding these enzymes. In the last five years, the study of the genetic variants of the UGTs at a molecular level has become important due to its association with several diseases and the ability to predict adverse events due to drug metabolism. In the present review, the structure and the prominent genetic variants of the UGT1A subfamily and their metabolic and clinical implications are described

El significado psicológico de ciudadano , PRI y FOX

El objetivo de la presente investigación fue conocer el significado psicológico de "ciudadano" entre universitarios. Se trabajó con una muestra de 60 sujetos, distribuidos equitativamente por sexo. Las aplicaciones fueron grupales, utilizando la técnica de las redes semánticas naturales (Figueroa, González y Solís, 1981; Valdez, 1998). Los resultados obtenidos permiten observar de manera general que la tendencia de los grupos, al definir al ciudadano, fue con base en muchos elementos que giran en torno de él, pero que no necesariamente hablan de sus derechos y obligaciones. Por tanto, lo encontrado difiere de las propuestas idealistas de algunos autores, como el pensar que el ciudadano vive en sociedad buscando ayudarse los unos a los otros, lo cual, al parecer, sigue siendo una utopía

Cell viability assay in corneal endothelium

Resumen del póster publicado en el II Annual Meeting CINBIO abstracts book [Internet], p. 65[Abstract] Introduction: Endothelium is the inner layer of the cornea, which must be viable for transplanting. The limited availability of corneas makes necessary the developing of preservation techniques that allow a long storage without losing endothelial viability.Objectives: Optimization of a cell viability assay in preserved corneas.Methods: One half of an endothelium from a cornea that was storage in hypothermic conditions and an endothelium of a cryopreserved cornea were stained with LIVE/DEAD imaging kit and Hoechst. The other half of endothelium was the negative control. Corneal endothelia were imaged using a fluorescence microscope.Results: Four sort of cells were visualized on both endothelia: viable cells with high esterase activity, intermediate cells with low esterase activity, non-viable cells without esterase activity, and cells only stained by Hoechst. Conclusions: Triple stain is effectiveto detect different sort of cells in endothelium of preserved corneas, included viable cells, depending on their esterase enzymatic activity and on cell and nuclear membrane damage

Calidad de vida en urticaria crónica y su relación con el impacto económico y control de la enfermedad en pacientes atendidos en el Hospital Universitario de Monterrey, México

Abstract Background: Chronic urticaria (CU) manifests itself with hives and sometimes angioedema. Physical and social discomfort worsens patient quality of life. CU has an important impact on patients’ economy. Objective: To evaluate the relationship of quality of life (QoL) with economic burden and chronic urticaria control of in patients treated at our center. Methods: Cross-sectional, descriptive, observational study. We included CU-diagnosed adult patients. The CU-Q2oL and UCT questionnaires in Spanish and the economic burden and comorbidities questionnaire developed by our center were applied. A sample size of 36 patients was calculated. Results: 36 patients were included, out of which 58.3% were females. Mean age was 39.9 ± 15.6 years. Regarding QoL, 66.7% of patients reported being "A little" aff ected, 25% "Somewhat" and 8.3% "A lot", and its relationship with monthly income yielded a p-value of 0.017. 38.9% of patients reported having a monthly income of less than $ 5000 pesos. When disease control was compared with the CU-Q2oL, a signifi cant diff erence was obtained for questions concerning itching. Conclusion: There was association between the quality of life of patients with chronic urticaria and monthly income, the lower the income, the more will the quality of life be aff ected. Furthermore, greater CU control was observed to reduce the negative eff ects on quality of life caused by itching

Aplicación de metodología activa y aprendizaje inverso en asignaturas del Grado en Biología en el contexto de un modelo de enseñanza no presencial

Desarrollo de metodologías activas y aprendizaje inverso en asignaturas del Grado en Biología, mediante contenidos elaborados por los alumnos de manera independiente y no presencial a partir de materiales docentes propuestos por el profesor

CAPN3, DCT, MLANA and TYRP1 are overexpressed in skin of vitiligo vulgaris Mexican patients

Abstract. Vitiligo is a disorder causing skin depigmentation, in which several factors have been proposed for its pathogenesis: Environmental, genetic and biological aspects of melanocytes, even those of the surrounding keratinocytes. However, the lack of understanding of the mechanisms has complicated the task of predicting the development and progression. The present study used microarray analysis to characterize the transcriptional profile of skin from Vitiligo Vulgaris (VV) patients and the identified transcripts were validated using targeted high-throughput RNA sequencing in a broader set of patients. For microarrays, mRNA was taken from 20 skin biopsies of 10 patients with VV (pigmented and depigmented skin biopsy of each), and 5 biopsies of healthy subjects matched for age and sex were used as a control. A signature was identified that contains the expression pattern of 722 genes between depigmented vitiligo skin vs. healthy control, 1,108 between the pigmented skin of vitiligo vs. healthy controls and 1,927 between pigmented skin, depigmented vitiligo and healthy controls (P<0.05; false discovery rate, <0.1). When comparing the pigmented and depigmented skin of patients with vitiligo, which reflects the real difference between both skin types, 5 differentially expressed genes were identified and further validated in 45 additional VV patients by RNA sequencing. This analysis showed significantly higher RNA levels of calpain-3, dopachrome tautomerase, melan-A and tyrosinase-related protein-1 genes. The data revealed that the pigmented skin of vitiligo is already affected at the level of gene expression and that the main differences between pigmented and non-pigmented skin are explained by the expression of genes associated with pigment metabolism