732 research outputs found
Comparación de algunos métodos de regresión alternativa vs. EstadÃstica Bayesiana usando MCMC
En el presente trabajo se pretenden abordar cuatro técnicas de regresión lineal simple y múltiple, no usuales, las cuales forman parte de una gran variedad de métodos estadÃsticos conocidos como métodos robustos. Estos métodos en su orden son: regresión MINMAD, MINMAXAD, MINSADBED y MINSADBAD, son contracciones de las frases en inglés con su respectivo significado y metodologÃa. Se realizará su definición, representación geométrica cuando fuere posible, representación matricial, reducción a un problema de Programación Lineal, descripción de algunos algoritmos. Finalmente se realizará una comparación aplicada utilizando metodologÃa Bayesiana, estimando parámetros mediante
Cadenas de Markov y Métodos Montecarlo, metodologÃa conocida como MCMC.In this master's thesis we study four relatively unusual techniques of simple and multiple linear regression, which are part of the so-called robust statistical methods. These techniques are known respectively as MINMAD, MINMAXAD, MINSADBED and MINSADBAD (their English abbreviations). We present their definitions, geometric representations (when possible), matrix representations, reductions to linear programming problems and a description of their algorithms. We also perform an applied comparison by means of Bayesian methods and parameter estimation via MCMC (Markov Chains and Montecarlo methods)
Diseño del sistema de abastecimiento de agua potable de la Comunidad de Santa Rosa de Achuapa San Fernando-Nueva Segovia
El agua es por excelencia el lÃquido vital de mayor importancia para poder subsistir en cualquier medio y forma de vida, esto conlleva a la necesidad de poseer este
lÃquido en las mejores condiciones y en mayores cantidades.
La comunidad Santa Rosa de Achuapa se encuentra ubicada a 12 Km. de la ciudad de San Fernando, en el municipio del mismo nombre y es una comunidad rural concentrada con calles definidas no revestidas1, ésta se ve afectada por el
racionamiento del vital lÃquido. A nivel rural no existen oficinas de ENACAL lo cual ha dejado un vacÃo o
prácticamente sin ningún apoyo a los Comités de Agua Potable y Saneamiento (CAPS) lo que puede afectar la sostenibilidad de las inversiones. Sin embargo los municipios han estado llevando un rol más activo y están comenzando a
establecer dentro de sus estructuras encargados de agua y saneamiento. Asà mismo, la necesidad de un modelo de atención a las comunidades permite que algunos actores que operan en el territorio ejecuten proyectos meramente fÃsicos,
sin capacitar a la comunidad para el buen uso del agua, asà como la capacitación
a los CAPS, lo que crea mayores conflictos en las comunidades.
Estos problemas percibidos, plantean a la comunidad de Santa Rosa de Achuapa
y a la AlcaldÃa del Municipio de San Fernando, la necesidad de dar una pronta
solución, por lo que se propone el “Diseño del Sistema de Abastecimiento de
Agua potable de la Comunidad de Santa Rosa de Achuapa
Results of a dental care protocol for mentally handicapped patients set in a primary health care area in Spain
Objective: Disabled people have the same right as other people to receive the health care they need, but they sometimes have difficulties to achieve it. In Castilla y Leon it has come into effect a law to guarantee Primary and Secondary Care coordination to provide dental treatment under sedation or anaesthesia to mentally disabled people who need it. Our aim is to evaluate the results of the implementation of such a law through a specific protocol in our health setting. Study design: Descriptive, made in a Health Area over a year, on mentally disabled people who were sent to hospital for treatment under anaesthesia after Primary Dental Care Units assessment. It has been studied the age, gender, mental disease, dental diagnosis and treatment undergone. Results: 108 patients attended the program (51% male), with a mean age of 31 years. 67% presented profound learning disability, 19% mental illness with disability, 11% presented cerebral palsy and another 3% had autism. Most frequent dental pathologies were caries (86%) and dental plaque (71%). Most common dental procedures were tooth extraction (78%), professional tooth cleaning (75%) and fillings (67%). Conclusions: We achieved to provide necessary dental treatment to a large number of disabled people, who would not have received it otherwise. It was a challenge to plan and implement the protocol coordinating Health Care Levels and workers. It still has to be done an economic and efficiency analysis of procedures and a patient satisfaction study
Compressional behavior of the aragonite-structure carbonates to 6 GPa
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplemen-
tary material available at https://doi.org/10.1007/s00269-023-01237-6.The behaviors of aragonite (CaCO3
), strontianite (SrCO3
), cerussite (PbCO3
), and witherite (BaCO3
) at increasing pressure have been studied up to 6 GPa using density functional theory with plane waves. A parallelism of the orthorhombic carbonates with the closed-packed AsNi structure is considered in our analysis, being the CO2−3
groups not centered in the interstice of the octahedron. The decomposition of the unit-cell volume into atomic contributions using the Quantum Theory of Atoms in Molecules has allowed the analysis of the bulk modulus in atomic contributions. The bulk, axes, interatomic distances, and atomic compressibilities are calculated. The largest compression is on the c crystallographic axis, and the c linear modulus has a linear function with the mineral bulk modulus (K0
). Many of the interatomic distances moduli of the alkaline earth (AE) carbonates show linear functions with the bulk modulus; however, the whole series (including cerussite) only gives linear functions when K0
is related either with the CC distances modulus or the modulus of the distances of the C to the faces of the octahedron perpendicular to c. These last distances are the projections of the Metal–Oxygen (MO) distances to the center of the octahedron. K0AE
carbonates also show linear functions with the atomic moduli of their cations. However, the whole series show a linear relation with the atomic modulus of C atoms. Therefore, the whole series highlight the importance of the C atoms and their interactions in the mechanism of compression of the orthorhombic carbonate series.Spanish MCINN and European FEDER Grants FIS2016-77692-C2.
2PCIN-2017-098Junta de AndalucÃa for
the RNM-264-363 and RNM-264-1897 PAI-Grant
Insights into mechanism kinematics for protein motion simulation
Background: The high demanding computational requirements necessary to carry out protein motion simulations make it difficult to obtain information related to protein motion. On the one hand, molecular dynamics simulation requires huge computational resources to achieve satisfactory motion simulations. On the other hand, less accurate procedures such as interpolation methods, do not generate realistic morphs from the kinematic point of view. Analyzing a protein's movement is very similar to serial robots; thus, it is possible to treat the protein chain as a serial mechanism composed of rotational degrees of freedom. Recently, based on this hypothesis, new methodologies have arisen, based on mechanism and robot kinematics, to simulate protein motion. Probabilistic roadmap method, which discretizes the protein configurational space against a scoring function, or the kinetostatic compliance method that minimizes the torques that appear in bonds, aim to simulate protein motion with a reduced computational cost.
Results: In this paper a new viewpoint for protein motion simulation, based on mechanism kinematics is presented. The paper describes a set of methodologies, combining different techniques such as structure normalization normalization processes, simulation algorithms and secondary structure detection procedures. The combination of all these procedures allows to obtain kinematic morphs of proteins achieving a very good computational cost-error rate, while maintaining the biological meaning of the obtained structures and the kinematic viability of the obtained motion.
Conclusions: The procedure presented in this paper, implements different modules to perform the simulation of the conformational change suffered by a protein when exerting its function. The combination of a main simulation procedure assisted by a secondary structure process, and a side chain orientation strategy, allows to obtain a fast and reliable simulations of protein motion.The authors wish to acknowledge the financial support received from the Spanish Government through the Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (Project DPI2011-22955), the Regional Government of the Basque Country through the Departamento de Educacion, Universidades e Investigacion (Project IT445-10) and UPV/EHU under program UFI 11/29 and by Grants from the Department of Education, Universities and Research of the Basque Government (PI2010-17), from the Department of Industry of the Basque Government (ETORTEK Program IE05-147 and IE07-202), from the Bizkaia Country (Exp. 7/13/08/2006/11 and 7/13/08/2005/14), and from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Innovation (BFU2010-17857 and SICI-CONSOLIDER Program CSD2008-00005) (all to L.A.M.-C.)
Introducción del keynesianismo en España
En este trabajo se analiza la introducción del keynesianismo en España, desde las primeras influencias sobre algunos economistas españoles, hasta su primera aplicación en la polÃtica económica del paÃs. Se ha dividido en dos partes, teniendo en cuenta el punto de inflexión que para esta teorÃa supuso la aparición en 1936 de la principal obra de Keynes, la TeorÃa General. En cada una de las partes se analizan los factores positivos y negativos que posibilitaron e impidieron que el keynesianismo llegara a España en cada momento, además de individualizar la importancia de cada economista español en este proceso, y examinar los medios de difusión que participaron. Por último, se compara el caso español con el de otros paÃses de nuestro entorno
The profile of venture capital investments: the European context
The aim of this paper is to deepen our understanding of the investment valuation process followed by venture capitalists (VCs) at the European level. Its contribution is two-fold. First, we shed light on the manner in which VCs estimate the investee company’s value and operationalise the main variables involved in the practical application of the well-known discounted cash flow method. Second, we study whether the different degree of use of valuation methods across European countries may be explained by differences in institutional characteristics related to the underlying legal regime (i.e., English vs. German vs. French-based legal traditions). Using both univariate and multivariate analysis for a sample of 99 responses obtained from a survey addressed to VCs from the UK, France, Germany and Italy, we find that both legal systems and characteristics of VCs (i.e., experience, preferred investment stage, and main source of funds) do influence in the valuation methods used
2M1 phlogopite–muscovite series minerals at increasing pressure to 9 GPa. I Atomic volumes and compressibilities
Open Access funding provided thanks to the CRUE-CSIC
agreement with Springer Nature.
Authors are thankful to Andalusian project
P18-RT-3786 for financial support, and to the Computational Centers
of the University of Granada and CSIC for computational facilities.Muscovite (Ms) and phlogopite (Phl) series mineral is studied in the 2M1 polytype and modeled by the substitution of three Mg2+ cations in the three octahedral sites of Phl [KMg3(Si3Al)O10(OH)2] by two Al3+ and one vacancy, increasing the substitution up to reach the Ms [KAl2□(Si3Al)O10(OH)2]. The series was computationally examined at DFT using Quantum ESPRESSO, as a function of pressure from − 3 to 9 GPa. Crystal structure is calculated, and cell parameters, and geometry of atomic groups agree with experimental values. OH in the Mg2+ octahedrons are approximately perpendicular to the (001) plane, meanwhile when they are in Al3+, octahedral groups are approximately parallel to this plane. From Quantum Theory of Atoms in Molecules, the atomic basins are calculated as a function of the pressure, K+ and basal O show the largest volumes. The bulk excess volume (Vxs) and the excess atomic volumes are analyzed as a function of the composition and the pressure. K+, basal and apical O Vxs show a behavior similar to the bulk Vxs as a function of the composition, keeping qualitatively this behavior as a function of pressure; substituent atoms do not show a Vxs behavior similar to the bulk and their effect consequently is mostly translated to atoms in the interlayer space. Atomic compressibilities are also calculated. Atomic compressibilities are separated in the different sheets of the crystal cell. Atomic moduli of K and basal O are the lowest and the ones behaving as the bulk modulus of the series. The atomic bulk modulus of the H’s is different depending of their position with respect to the (001) plane.CRUE-CSICAndalusian project
P18-RT-378
Evaluating a Speech Communication System for deaf people
This paper describes the development of an Advanced Speech Communication System for Deaf People and its field evaluation in a real application domain: the renewal of Driver’s License. The system is composed of two modules. The first one is a Spanish into Spanish Sign Language (LSE: Lengua de Signos Española) translation module made up of a speech recognizer, a natural language translator (for converting a word sequence into a sequence of signs), and a 3D avatar animation module (for playing back the signs). The second module is a Spoken Spanish generator from sign-writing composed of a visual interface (for specifying a sequence of signs), a language translator (for generating the sequence of words in Spanish), and finally, a text to speech converter. For language translation, the system integrates three technologies: an example-based strategy, a rule-based translation method and a statistical translator. This paper also includes a detailed description of the evaluation carried out in the Local Traffic Office in the city of Toledo (Spain) involving real government employees and deaf people. This evaluation includes objective measurements from the system and subjective information from questionnaires. Finally, the paper reports an analysis of the main problems and a discussion about possible solutions
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