EVALUACION DE LA OFERTA UNIVERSITARIA EN BIOETICA DE LA INVESTIGACION DIRIGIDA A LOS PROFESIONALES EN CIENCIAS MÉDICAS EN COSTA RICA. EVALUATION OF THE UNIVERSITY OFFER IN BIOETHICS OF RESEARCH DIRECTED TO PROFESSIONALS IN MEDICAL SCIENCES IN COSTA RICA

Se presenta el resultado de una revisión de los currículos de las carreras del área de la salud de varias universidades y se constata que medicina y enfermería, acaparan casi el 50% de la oferta académica en cursos de ética. En éstos se trata fundamentalmente de ética profesional o de deontología yla gran mayoríacarece por completo de temas relacionados con la investigación biomédica. El énfasis que se hace, tanto en universidad pública como en las universidades privadas, es respecto a la práctica clínica y a algunos temas particulares de la relación médico-paciente. Se requiere la formación de los formadores, es decir, la capacitación de los docentes universitarios con un énfasis particular en la bioética.Palabras clave: Bioética, educación universitaria, ciencias de la salud.AbstractWe present the result of a review of several colleges' curricula in the area ofhuman health. We found that the medical and nursing careers account for almost 50% of academic offerings in ethics courses. These are mainly courses on professional ethics and deontology and are almost completely devoid of issues related with biomedical research. In public and private universities the emphasis is placed on bioethics of clinical practice and on some special issues of the doctor-patient relationship. It is required a training of trainers, which means, the training of university teachers with a particular emphasis on bioethics.Keywords: Bioethics, college education, health sciences

ZnO on rice husk: a sustainable photocatalyst for urban air purification

A cost-effective and sustainable De-NOx photocatalyst is prepared usingzinc acetate and rice husk. ZnO@SiO2samples are obtained from the calcination of a homogenised precursor mixture at 600 C. ZnO nanoparticles (70 –180 nm) grow aggregated in spheres and well dispersed (40 –53 m2g-1surface area) covering the silicon skeleton. The corresponding band gap for ZnO@SiO2photocatalysts was estimated at3.1 –3.2 eV. When the samples are irradiated by sunlight in anitrogen oxide atmosphere the NO HNO2NO2NO3-photochemical oxidation takes place. In comparison to unsupported ZnO and TiO2-P25, ZnO@SiO2samples exhibit high NOXremoval values (70 %) and outstanding selectivity (> 90%), the latter related to the sensitivity of zinc oxide towards NO2gas. This new photocatalyst is easily recyclable and reusabl

Zn-Al layered double hydroxides as efficient photocatalysts for NOx abatement

In this study,we report that layered double hydroxides (LDH) exhibited high photocatalytic activitiesin degrading NOx gases for the first time. ZnAl-CO3LDHs with a 1.5 to 3.0 Zn/Al ratio were prepared by a coprecipitation method both with and without hydrothermal treatment.Syntheses were carried out with high and low metal concentrations, the latter being the most favorablein obtaining pure LDHs in the whole Zn/Al ratio range. The samples were characterized by different techniques suchas PXRD, FT-IR, ICP mass, TGA, SBET, SEM and Diffuse reflectance (DR). The LDH particlesgrew as well-defined hexagonal nanolayers, whosesize and crystallization dependedon the synthetic procedure and the Zn/Al ratio. Those samples with lower crystallinity exhibit the highest specific surface area values (> 50 m2·g-1). The ZnAl-CO3LDHs were UV light responsive with band–gap valuescloseto 3.5 eV. The LDH photocatalysts show a high performance towards the photochemical oxidation process of NO gas, withefficiencies of around 55 %. Remarkably, the ZnAl-CO3photocatalysts exhibit an impressive selectivity towards the deNOx process, avoiding the emission of the toxic NO2gas into the atmosphere. Interestingly,these promising deNOx results are repeated when working for a long irradiation period or with the highest concentration of NO in polluted atmospheres

Responsabilidad Social Empresarial en México: un Análisis de su Implementación en el Sector Turístico

This research aims to estimate the probability that a restaurant, established in the city of Playa del Carmen, Quintana Roo, Mexico, which implements Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) programs, is based on its knowledge and impact (profits). From the theoretical perspective, the main authors cited in this paper are Freeman (2010), Freeman and Evan (1990), Dunn and Brady (1995), Porter and Kramer (2006), Bory and Lochard (2006), are the main. 2008), Moore and others (2009) and Moore and Spence (2006). The methodology used is of explanatory type where the dependent variable is dichotomous. For this, the Binary Logistic Regression (LOGIT) is used as an analysis tool that allows analyzing knowledge and impact as determining variables in the implementation of CSR. For the collection of information, a structured questionnaire was applied to 234 restaurant owners, who were key informants. The results show that CSR is directly related to the impact and knowledge of its instruments, as well as its benefits. Therefore, for restaurants to implement CSR, they need to establish strategies, identify the causes of problems, evaluate the impact of their campaigns and assess their benefits.La presente investigación tiene como objetivo estimar la probabilidad de que un restaurante, establecido en la ciudad de Playa del Carmen, Quintana Roo, México, que implementa programas de Responsabilidad Social Empresarial (RSE), se sustenta en el grado de conocimiento e impacto (beneficios) de los mismos. De acuerdo a la literatura especializada en el tema, los principales autores citados son Goodpaster (1993), Freeman (2010), Freeman y Evan (1990), Dunn y Brady (1995),Porter y Kramer (2006), Bory y Lochard (2008), Moore y otros (2009) y Moore y Spence (2006). La metodología utilizada es de tipo explicativo, donde la variable dependiente es dicotómica. Por ello, se utiliza como herramienta de análisis la Regresión Logística Binaria (LOGIT) que permite analizar el conocimiento y el impacto como variables determinantes en la implementación de la RSE. Para la recolección de información, se aplicó un cuestionario estructurado a 234 propietarios de restaurantes, quienes fueron los informantes clave. Los resultados evidencian que la RSE se encuentra directamente relacionada con el impacto y conocimiento de sus instrumentos, así como de sus beneficios. Por tanto, para que los restaurantes apliquen la RSE requieren fijar estrategias, identificar las causas de los problemas, evaluar el impacto de sus campañas y valorar sus beneficios

Dependencia emocional y violencia en jóvenes adultos homosexuales de Trujillo - 2019

Se realizó este estudio, con el propósito de encontrar la relación entre Dependencia emocional y violencia en jóvenes adultos homosexuales de Trujillo. Se trata de un estudio de tipo correlacional. Se tomó en cuenta dos instrumentos psicométricos para la medición de los constructos, el primero fue el Inventario de Dependencia Emocional (Lemos Hoyos & Londoño Arredondo, 2006) adaptada a Trujillo por Lecca-Bonilla, (2016) y el segundo el Cuestionario de Violencia en la Relaciones de Pareja (Fernández-Fuertes, Fuertes, & Pulido, 2006) adaptado por Villena, (2016). Como técnica de procesamiento de datos se utilizó la estadística de Rho de Spearman. Por medio de ello se llegó a la siguiente conclusión, que existe una relación pequeña entre dependencia emocional y violencia cometida, así mismo se evidenció relación pequeña entre dependencia emocional y violencia sufrida en la pareja.Tesi

The Inhibitive Effect of Sebacate-Modified LDH on Concrete Steel Reinforcement Corrosion

In recent decades, layered double hydroxides (LDH) have been proposed as innovative corrosion inhibitors for reinforced concrete. Their protective action is based on the ability to intercalate specific anions in the interlayer and on their ability to exchange the intercalated anion. In the present study, an organically charged LDH, with sebacate anions in the interlayer (LDH-S), is proposed as a water-repellent additive for mortar. The waterproofing efficiency of LDH-S and the associated corrosion inhibition ability has been evaluated in reinforced mortar samples. A 42% decrease in the water capillary absorption coefficient has been estimated when 3% LHD-S is added to a mortar. Both the passivation processes of the steel rebars during the curing period and the initiation of corrosion due to chloride exposure have been studied by electrochemical measurements. Three different mortars have been evaluated: reference mortar (REF), mortar with Mg-Al LDH (LDH), and mortar with LDH-sebacate (LDH-S). The latter has shown an important protective capacity for preventing the initiation of corrosion by chloride penetration, with an inhibitory efficiency of 74%. The presence of LDHs without sebacate in the interlayer also improved the performance of the mortar against rebar corrosion, but with lower efficiency (23% inhibitory efficiency). However, this protection is lost after continued chloride exposure over time, and corrosion initiates similarly to the reference mortar. The low corrosion current density values registered when LDH-S is added to the mortar may be related to the increased electrical resistance recorded in this mortar

Diseño de un plan de marketing para la empresa de plásticos Luis Fernando Cano Sánchez Ganchos Cano

La empresa de hoy independiente del sector donde desarrolle su actividad misional, debe contar con una planeación estratégica, la cual permite determinar su situación empresarial inmediata y planear convenientemente su futuro en la espera de resultados económicos favorables, dentro de esta planeación existe un factor de altísima importancia para el objetivo del negocio y es el Plan de Marketing, este debe ser la guía en la relación directa con los clientes, la satisfacción de sus necesidades que conduzca a la compra del bien producido sea este producto y/o servicio. La presente consultoría diseña un plan de Marketing para la empresa de plásticos Luis Fernando Cano Sánchez Ganchos Cano, cuya implementación futura, debe permitir atraer nuevos clientes y mantener los actuales, con la consecuente fidelización de los mismos en sus productos plásticos, con el fin de elevar sus ventas generando más ingresos económicos. Este diseño se realizará a través de una metodología, compuesta por un diagnóstico empresarial, utilizando instrumentos como la encuesta, la entrevista y el análisis DOFA, el estudio de estos resultados será la base de la formulación de unas estrategias, que constituirán el plan de Marketing de la empresa

Hands-on quantum sensing with NV- centers in diamonds

The physical properties of diamond crystals, such as color or electrical conductivity, can be controlled via impurities. In particular, when doped with nitrogen, optically active nitrogen-vacancy centers (NV), can be induced. The center is an outstanding quantum spin system that enables, under ambient conditions, optical initialization, readout, and coherent microwave control with applications in sensing and quantum information. Under optical and radio frequency excitation, the Zeeman splitting of the degenerate states allows the quantitative measurement of external magnetic fields with high sensitivity. This study provides a pedagogical introduction to the properties of the NV centers as well as a step-by-step process to develop and test a simple magnetic quantum sensor based on color centers with significant potential for the development of highly compact multisensor systemsThis research was funded by MICIN-AEI: Grants DETECTAc and EQC2018-005134-P Comunidad de Madrid: Grant TEC2SPACE-CM P2018/NMT-4291, ONR-G: G#N62909-19-1-2053 (DEFROST), MADE-MICINN: PID2019-105552RB-C44. Garantía Juvenil nº201701520868, R.B.-G. would like to thank Comunidad de Madrid for the funding through the grant 2019-T2/IND-1336