Random regression models and their impact in the genetic evaluation of binary fertility traits in beef cattle

2021 Spring.Includes bibliographical references.To view the abstract, please see the full text of the document

The impact of Social Networks on innovation: The case of European Regions

This research analyses the relationship between the use of social networks and the generation of innovations in European regions through a production function of innovations using human capital, technological capital and virtual relational capital with the new theoretical approach. For this, it is estimated an econometric model of panel data for the period 2007-2011 and 190 European regions

El emprendimiento de base tecnológica y su punto de encuentro con la convergencia tecnocientífica: una revisión a partir del algoritmo Tree of Science

This article presents the results of a systematic literature review conducted to characterize the development of the field of Technology-Based Entrepreneurship (TBE) and its contribution to the evolution of the techno-scientific convergence of NBIC (Nanotechnology, Biotechnology, Information technology, and Cognitive science). This review used the Tree of Science (based on the SAP algorithm) to process references of indexed documents. The search retrieved sixty-nine articles published between 2000 and 2021 in the main collection of Web of Science, along with their respective Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-Expanded), Social Sciences Citation Index (SSCI), Arts & Humanities Citation Index (A&HCI), Emerging Sources Citation Index (ESCI). The most relevant documents show that universities can become catalysts between entrepreneurial students, professors, researchers, and investors, who can work together in the development of high-value, highly specialized projects. The meeting point between TBE and techno-scientific convergence was found in the need for multidisciplinary work teams, the integration of collaborative networks, and funding during development stages. Likewise, the link between science and business is growing stronger as the time between innovation and its impact on business is reduced.  It is concluded that education can become the most important strategy for technology transfer—connecting entrepreneurs with converging technologies—because such transfer requires highly-specialized knowledge.El presente artículo tuvo como propósito presentar los resultados de una revisión sistemática que busca caracterizar el desarrollo del emprendimiento de base tecnológica (EBT) y su contribución en la evolución de la perspectiva tecnocientífica de la convergencia de la nanotecnología, la biotecnología, la infotecnología y la cognotecnología (NBIC). El análisis se orientó a partir del uso del algoritmo SAP Tree of Science, encaminado al procesamiento de referencias de los documentos sistematizados. Para ello, se revisó la literatura de sesenta y nueve artículos publicados entre 2000-2021 en la colección principal de Web of Science con los índices Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-Expanded), Social Sciences Citation Index (SSCI), Arts & Humanities Citation Index (A&HCI) y Emerging Sources Citation Index (ESCI). Los documentos más relevantes dieron cuenta de cómo las universidades se convierten en el catalizador entre estudiantes emprendedores, docentes, investigadores e inversionistas que trabajan mancomunadamente en el desarrollo de proyectos de alto valor con elevados niveles de especialización. El punto de encuentro con la convergencia tecnocientífica se observa en la necesidad de equipos de trabajo multidisciplinarios, integración de redes de trabajo colaborativo y financiación en las etapas de su desarrollo. Asimismo, la unión entre ciencia y negocios se acelera en la medida que se disminuye el tiempo entre la innovación y el impacto empresarial. Se concluye que la educación se convierte en la principal estrategia de transferencia de tecnología que conecta a los emprendedores con las tecnologías de la convergencia debido al requerimiento de altos niveles de conocimiento especializado

Confiabilidad del cuestionario de estilos de vida saludable (CEVS) en estudiantes universitarios: Reliability of the healthy lifestyles questionnaire (CEVS) in university students

The current lifestyles of the population have become a worldwide problem, since they have been related firstly to the appearance of chronic diseases and secondly, to the complexity of their recognition, due to the fact that factors such as living conditions, behavioral patterns, sociocultural context and interaction between individuals are elements that have a direct and indirect impact on the determination of lifestyles. Objective. To determine the reliability of the Lifestyle Questionnaire for University Students (CEVS) in a university population in Colombia. Methodology.  Quantitative cross-sectional study, in which the CEVS questionnaire was applied to 894 students and Cronbach's alpha statistic was used as an estimator of internal consistency and reliability in processes of adaptation and validation of the instrument. Results. Of the 34 items, Cobransch's alpha is 0.81 and of the 4 dimensions the values are >0.79. Conclusions. The CEVS questionnaire is a useful, economical and effective tool for assessing the quality of life of individuals. In addition, it was found that its cronbach's alpha value is higher than the fantastic questionnaire, obtaining a value of 0.81 compared to 0.69 and 0.77 of different studies in relation to the total sample.Introducción. Los actuales estilos de vida de la población se han convertido en una problemática a nivel mundial, ya que se han relacionado primero con la aparición de enfermedades crónicas y lo segundo, por la complejidad en el reconocimiento de los mismos, debido a que factores como las condiciones de vida, los patrones de conducta, el contexto sociocultural y la interacción entre los individuos son elementos que impactan de manera directa e indirecta en la determinación de los estilos de vida. Objetivo. Determinar la confiabilidad del Cuestionario de estilos de vida para universitarios (CEVS) en una población universitaria en Colombia. Materiales y Métodos.  Estudio cuantitativo de corte transversal, en el que se aplicó el cuestionario CEVS a 894 estudiantes y se utilizó el estadístico alfa de Cronbach, como estimador de consistencia interna y de confiabilidad en procesos de adaptación y validación de instrumento. Resultados. De los 34 ítems el alfa de Cronbach es de 0,81 y de las 4 dimensiones los valores son superiores a >0,79, demostrando así una buena consistencia interna y entre sus dimensiones también se estableció una correlación fuerte. Conclusiones. En comparación con otros cuestionarios evaluados, el CEVS mostró una mayor consistencia interna, evidenciada por un valor de alfa de Cronbach de 0,81 en relación con el total de la muestra. Estos hallazgos respaldan el valor y la pertinencia del CEVS como una herramienta valiosa en la generación de acciones concretas en promoción de la salud y prevención de la enfermedad en la población universitaria colombiana

Predictors of right atrial dilatation and long-term function after right ventricular outflow tract surgical repair: Quantification of restrictive physiology matters

Right diastolic dysfunction; Right atrium function; Restrictive physiologyDisfunción diastólica derecha; Función de la aurícula derecha; Fisiología restrictivaDisfunció diastòlica dreta; Funció de l'aurícula dreta; Fisiologia restrictivaRight ventricular (RV) diastolic dysfunction in patients with a surgically-repaired RV outflow tract (RVOT) obstruction merits further studies. Right atrial (RA) dilation and function may be related to (RV) diastolic dysfunction in this setting. The end-diastolic forward flow (EDFF) in the pulmonary artery (PA) has been suggested as a non-invasive marker of poor RV compliance, however, there is controversy regarding its true significance; EDFF quantification may help elucidate this controversy. Objective to study predictors of RA enlargement and dysfunction in patients with a surgically-repaired RVOT obstruction and its relationship with quantitative EDFF. Methods In 81 consecutive patients (mean age: 37.5 (±7) years), transthoracic echocardiography (Echo) and cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) were performed. Echo parameters: RA size (indexed RA area (iRAA)), RA function (RA global strain (RAGS)) and maximum EDFF velocity-time integral (VTI-EDFF) obtained during a whole respiratory cycle. CMR-indexed RA area (imRAA) was also obtained. Patients were divided into three groups according to iRAA, imRAA and RAGS; bivariate analysis was performed. A multivariate model was then applied using variables that were found to be statistically significant in the bivariate analysis. Results Upon multivariate analysis, higher VTI-EDFF values and the presence of significant tricuspid regurgitation proved to be independent factors associated with increased iRAA and imRAA and lower RAGS, whereas RV volumes, function and pulmonary regurgitant fraction were not. Conclusion VTI-EDFF linearly correlated with the degree of RA dilation and deformation; EDFF quantification as against qualitative assessment may be considered a non-invasive tool for diastolic RV dysfunction

Diseño de un modelo didáctico para la educación en paisaje utilizando Sigweb

A través del PIMCD 113, se ha diseñado e implementado un modelo didáctico para la educación en paisaje enfocado a alumnos del Grado de Maestro de Educación Primaria

Prevalencia de síntomas de asma en los niños y adolescentes de la Comunidad Autónoma de Galicia (España) y sus variaciones geográficas

OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence and geographic variations of the symptoms associated with asthma in Galician children and adolescents. POPULATION AND METHODS: A cross-sectional epidemiological study following ISAAC (International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood) methodology, and using a written questionnaire distributed in schools. The study sample included 10,371 6-7 year-old children and 10,372 13-14 year-old adolescents, all of them from Galician Health Areas. A logistic regression model was used to analyse geographic variations. RESULTS: In the 6-7 year-old group, wheezing in the last 12 months varied from 11.4% (Santiago) to 15.7% (Vigo) and in the adolescents varied from 8.8% (Ourense) to 18.8% (Vigo). The distribution by gender showed a predominant significance in 6-7 year-old males (P<.001), and near to be statistically significant in 13-14 year-old females (P=.08). The risk (odds ratio [OR]) of wheezing in the last 12 months in the area with highest prevalence in comparison with the area of lowest prevalence was 1.45 (95% Confidence Interval [CI], 1.12-1.88) for children and 2.39 (95% CI, 1.82-3.13) for adolescents. The estimated prevalence of asthma in the Autonomous Community of Galicia was 13.6% in younger children and 12.2% in adolescents. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of wheezing in the last 12 months in the different areas of Galicia is considerably higher than the rest of Spanish ISAAC cities in the 6-7 years group and very similar in the 13-14 years group, except in Vigo where it is considerably higher. We found a clearly defined geographic pattern in the adolescent group, with higher prevalences in coastal areas than in the interior

Effectiveness of a strategy that uses educational games to implement clinical practice guidelines among Spanish residents of family and community medicine (e-EDUCAGUIA project):A clinical trial by clusters

This study was funded by the Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias FIS Grant Number PI11/0477 ISCIII.-REDISSEC Proyecto RD12/0001/0012 AND FEDER Funding.Background: Clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) have been developed with the aim of helping health professionals, patients, and caregivers make decisions about their health care, using the best available evidence. In many cases, incorporation of these recommendations into clinical practice also implies a need for changes in routine clinical practice. Using educational games as a strategy for implementing recommendations among health professionals has been demonstrated to be effective in some studies; however, evidence is still scarce. The primary objective of this study is to assess the effectiveness of a teaching strategy for the implementation of CPGs using educational games (e-learning EDUCAGUIA) to improve knowledge and skills related to clinical decision-making by residents in family medicine. The primary objective will be evaluated at 1 and 6months after the intervention. The secondary objectives are to identify barriers and facilitators for the use of guidelines by residents of family medicine and to describe the educational strategies used by Spanish teaching units of family and community medicine to encourage implementation of CPGs. Methods/design: We propose a multicenter clinical trial with randomized allocation by clusters of family and community medicine teaching units in Spain. The sample size will be 394 residents (197 in each group), with the teaching units as the randomization unit and the residents comprising the analysis unit. For the intervention, both groups will receive an initial 1-h session on clinical practice guideline use and the usual dissemination strategy by e-mail. The intervention group (e-learning EDUCAGUIA) strategy will consist of educational games with hypothetical clinical scenarios in a virtual environment. The primary outcome will be the score obtained by the residents on evaluation questionnaires for each clinical practice guideline. Other included variables will be the sociodemographic and training variables of the residents and the teaching unit characteristics. The statistical analysis will consist of a descriptive analysis of variables and a baseline comparison of both groups. For the primary outcome analysis, an average score comparison of hypothetical scenario questionnaires between the EDUCAGUIA intervention group and the control group will be performed at 1 and 6months post-intervention, using 95% confidence intervals. A linear multilevel regression will be used to adjust the model. Discussion: The identification of effective teaching strategies will facilitate the incorporation of available knowledge into clinical practice that could eventually improve patient outcomes. The inclusion of information technologies as teaching tools permits greater learning autonomy and allows deeper instructor participation in the monitoring and supervision of residents. The long-term impact of this strategy is unknown; however, because it is aimed at professionals undergoing training and it addresses prevalent health problems, a small effect can be of great relevance. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02210442.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe

POR UNA CULTURA DE PAZ: UNA MIRADA DESDE LAS CIENCIAS DE LA CONDUCTA

En
 virtud
 de
 lo
 anterior,
 los
 estudiosos
 de
 las
 ciencias
 de
 la
 conducta
 
de
 la
 Universidad
Autónoma 
del
 Estado 
de 
México,

ante 
la
persistencia
 y 
proliferación
 de
 estos 
hechos
 en
 diversas
 partes
 del
Mundo
 y
 de
 nuestro 
país 
en 
particular, se
 convocó
 a
 los
 estudiosos
 interesados
 y
 a
 la
 sociedad
 en
 general
 a
 presentar
 trabajos
 para
 analizar,
 debatir
 y
 proponer
 estrategias
 de
 acción
 y
 dirección,
 que
 fortalezcan
 una
 convivencia y bienestar con sentido humanista para una cultura de paz. El
 presente
 texto
 es
 producto
 de 
esta convocatoria 
que
 recoge 
los
trabajos 
de 

los
 interesados 
en 
la
 temática,

 de
 diferentes 
países
(España,
Argentina,
Cuba,
Brasil,
Costa
 Rica
 y
 México)
 retomando
 con
 ello
 sus
 experiencias
 relativas
 al
 estudio,
 análisis,
 comprensión
 e
 instrumentación
 de
 la
 cultura
 de
 paz
 en
 los
 distintos
 ámbitos
 institucionales
 en
 los
 que
 participan:
 educativo,
 salud,
 penitenciario,
 social,
laboral,
familia,
alimentario,
psicológico,
por 
mencionar 
algunos.
 El
 presente
 libro,
 propicia
 un
 espacio
 de
 reflexión,
 diálogo
 y
 posicionamiento
 de
 las 
ciencias 
de 
la 
conducta
 para 
la 
apropiación,
análisis,
debate
 y 
propuestas 
que
 fortalezcan 
una
 cultura
 de 
paz
 a
través
 de 
la
 convivencia 
y
 el 
bienestar
 social 
con
 sentido 
humanista.
El
 sistema 
económico
 neoliberal
 y 
el 
proceso
 de 
globalización 
han
 contribuido
al
 logro
 de
 avances
 significativos
 en
 la
 ciencia
 y
 la
 tecnología,
 pero
 también
 han
 propiciado
 la
 polarización
 de
 las
 sociedades
 lo
 que
 ha
 impactado
 de
 manera
 negativa
 a
 la
 sociedad
 en
 su
 conjunto,
 pero
 en
 mayor
 medida
 a
 los grupos
 vulnerables. Dicha
 polarización
 ha
 traído
 consigo
 un
 desarrollo
 desigual
 del
 mundo
 que
 se
 expresa
 de
 diferentes
 maneras
 tanto
 en
 países
 desarrollados
 como
 en
 los
 llamados
 del
 tercer
 mundo,
 en
 donde
 no
 están
 satisfechas
 las
 necesidades
 humanas 
elementales
 de
 todos 
los
sectores 
de 
la 
población,
siempre 
falta 
algo. 
Si 
a
 esto 
le
 sumamos 
los
conflictos
 internacionales por
 diferentes
 motivos
 que
 enfrentan
 algunas
 naciones,
 una
 insuficiente
 cobertura
 educativa
 y
 de
 salud,

 desempleo
 y
 pobreza 
extrema,
 entre 
otras
 cosas; 
estamos
 frente
 a
retos 
de
 gran
 envergadura
 para
 los
 gobiernos,
 para
 los
 estudiosos
 y
 para
 la
 sociedad
 civil
 en
 general. Uno 
de 
los
 intentos
 para
 frenar 
y prevenir 
la
 agudización
 de 
estas 
problemáticas
 es
 la
 cultura 
de 
paz,
cuyo
 estudio
y propuestas 
han 
ido 
avanzando 
en 
diferentes
 sentidos 
y 
de 
manera 
favorable,
el 
tema 
está 
presente 
en 
diferentes 
Organismos
 Internacionales
 como
 la
 ONU,
 la
 UNESCO,
 la
 OCDE,
 El
 Banco
 Mundial,
 entre
 otros.
 Pero
 falta 
mucho 
por 
hacer.Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Méxic