Unequality social structures, environment and hujman development. Drugs and development: The case of cannabis in Morocco.

En el mundo contemporáneo, el desarrollo humano aparece como un concepto clave para incrementar la seguridad humana, y que actúa sobre la vulnerabilidad social, económica, política y medioambiental de las naciones del mundo. Las iniciativas en este sentido han de tener como consecuencia un descenso de la desigualdad social y un desarrollo sostenible. No obstante, en ocasiones se producen situaciones cuando menos parcialmente paradójicas, como es la relación entre droga y desarrollo que analizamos en el Norte de Marruecos, y que se presenta en este trabajo. En concreto, nos centramos en los factores sociales, culturales, de salud y medioambientales que intervienen en el auge del cultivo del Cannabis en el Norte de marruecos y los problemas para llevar a cabo un desarrollo local sostenible. El despegue económico que ha experimentado esta zona al amparo de la extensión de este cultivo ha tenido como consecuencia inmediata un incremento sustancial en el nivel de vida de la población local.In the current world, human development seems to be a key concept in the increase of human security with a heavy impact on the social, economic, political and environmental vulnerability of nations all over the world. Initiatives in this direction must have decrease of social inequality and sustainable development as implied consequences. Nevertheless, partially paradoxical situations take place sometimes, such as the relationship between drugs and development in Northern Morocco that we analyse in this paper. More specifically, we focus on the social, cultural environmental and health factors that have an influence on the heyday of the growing of Cannabis in the North of Morocco, as well as on the problems arising from carrying out a sustainable development at the local level. The economic takeoff that this area has undertaken as a consequence of the expansion of this crop, is the cause of an immediate and substantial increase in the standard of living of the local populatio

Hábitos de visionado televisivo, preferencias programa tv/cadena tv, preferencias de actividades en el tiempo de ocio y recuerdo espontáneo/sugerido del contenido de los programas: informe descriptivo y caracterizante del cuestionario a estudiantes 3-12 años en el municipio de Alicante (2006)

Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia-FEDER; Secretaría de Humanidades y Ciencias Sociales; Programa I+D+i 2004-2007(SEJ2004-01830/CPOL)

Effectiveness and safety of anti-CGRP monoclonal antibodies in patients over 65 years: a real-life multicentre analysis of 162 patients

Background Anti-CGRP monoclonal antibodies have shown notable effectiveness and tolerability in migraine patients; however, data on their use in elderly patients is still lacking, as clinical trials have implicit age restrictions and real-world evidence is scarce. In this study, we aimed to describe the safety and effectiveness of erenumab, galcanezumab and fremanezumab in migraine patients over 65 years old in real-life. Methods In this observational real-life study, a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data from 18 different headache units in Spain was performed. Migraine patients who started treatment with any anti-CGRP monoclonal antibody after the age of 65 years were included. Primary endpoints were reduction in monthly migraine days after 6 months of treatment and the presence of adverse effects. Secondary endpoints were reductions in headache and medication intake frequencies by months 3 and 6, response rates, changes in patient-reported outcomes and reasons for discontinuation. As a subanalysis, reduction in monthly migraine days and proportion of adverse effects were also compared among the three monoclonal antibodies. Results A total of 162 patients were included, median age 68 years (range 65-87), 74.1% women. 42% had dyslipidaemia, 40.3% hypertension, 8% diabetes, and 6.2% previous cardiovascular ischaemic disease. The reduction in monthly migraine days at month 6 was 10.17.3 days. A total of 25.3% of patients presented adverse effects, all of them mild, with only two cases of blood pressure increase. Headache and medication intake frequencies were significantly reduced, and patient-reported outcomes were improved. The proportions of responders were 68%, 57%, 33% and 9% for reductions in monthly migraine days >= 30%,>= 50%,>= 75% and 100%, respectively. A total of 72.8% of patients continued with the treatment after 6 months. The reduction in migraine days was similar for the different anti-CGRP treatments, but fewer adverse effects were detected with fremanezumab (7.7%). Conclusions Anti-CGRP mAbs are safe and effective treatments in migraine patients over 65 years old in real-life clinical practice

Intraoperative oxygen tension and redox homeostasis in Pseudomyxoma peritonei: A short case series

IntroductionPseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP) is a rare malignant disease characterized by a massive multifocal accumulation of mucin within the peritoneal cavity. The current treatment option is based on complete cytoreductive surgery combined with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy. However, the recurrence is frequent with subsequent progression and death. To date, most of the studies published in PMP are related to histological and genomic analyses. Thus, the need for further studies unveiling the underlying PMP molecular mechanisms is urgent. In this regard, hypoxia and oxidative stress have been extensively related to tumoral pathologies, although their contribution to PMP has not been elucidated.MethodsIn this manuscript, we have evaluated, for the first time, the intratumoral real-time oxygen microtension (pO2mt) in the tumor (soft and hard mucin) and surrounding healthy tissue from five PMP patients during surgery. In addition, we measured hypoxia (Hypoxia Inducible Factor-1a; HIF-1α) and oxidative stress (catalase; CAT) markers in soft and hard mucin from the same five PMP patient samples and in five control samples.ResultsThe results showed low intratumoral oxygen levels, which were associated with increased HIF-1α protein levels, suggesting the presence of a hypoxic environment in these tumors. We also found a significant reduction in CAT activity levels in soft and hard mucin compared with healthy tissue samples.DiscussionIn conclusion, our study provides the first evidence of low intratumoral oxygen levels in PMP patients associated with hypoxia and oxidative stress markers. However, further investigation is required to understand the potential role of oxidative stress in PMP in order to find new therapeutic strategies

Desarrollo humano sostenible: el ejemplo de la "cultura del cannabis" en el Rif (Norte de Marruecos)

En un mundo cada vez más cambiante las interacciones a nivel local y global son más evidentes. El Desarrollo Humano, es la base de una mayor seguridad humana que actúa sobre la vulnerabilidad social, económica, política y medio ambiental de las naciones del mundo. Estos elementos constituyen los medios para evitar las desigualdades y favorecer un Desarrollo Humano Sostenible. En este trabajo se analizan los factores sociales, culturales y medio ambientales del cultivo del cannabis en el Norte de Marruecos y los problemas para llevar a cabo un desarrollo local sostenible.In the actual globalized world the local and global interactions are more evident. The Human Development is the basis of the greater human security than acts on social, economic, environmental and political vulnerability of nations of the world. These elements constitute the average ones to avoid the inequalities and to favour sustainable human development. In this work we analyzed the social factors, cultural and environmental of Cannabis crops in the North of Morocco and the problems to carry out a local sustainable development

Effectiveness and safety of anti-CGRP monoclonal antibodies in patients over 65 years : a real-life multicentre analysis of 162 patients

Anti-CGRP monoclonal antibodies have shown notable effectiveness and tolerability in migraine patients; however, data on their use in elderly patients is still lacking, as clinical trials have implicit age restrictions and real-world evidence is scarce. In this study, we aimed to describe the safety and effectiveness of erenumab, galcanezumab and fremanezumab in migraine patients over 65 years old in real-life. In this observational real-life study, a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data from 18 different headache units in Spain was performed. Migraine patients who started treatment with any anti-CGRP monoclonal antibody after the age of 65 years were included. Primary endpoints were reduction in monthly migraine days after 6 months of treatment and the presence of adverse effects. Secondary endpoints were reductions in headache and medication intake frequencies by months 3 and 6, response rates, changes in patient-reported outcomes and reasons for discontinuation. As a subanalysis, reduction in monthly migraine days and proportion of adverse effects were also compared among the three monoclonal antibodies. A total of 162 patients were included, median age 68 years (range 65-87), 74.1% women. 42% had dyslipidaemia, 40.3% hypertension, 8% diabetes, and 6.2% previous cardiovascular ischaemic disease. The reduction in monthly migraine days at month 6 was 10.1 ± 7.3 days. A total of 25.3% of patients presented adverse effects, all of them mild, with only two cases of blood pressure increase. Headache and medication intake frequencies were significantly reduced, and patient-reported outcomes were improved. The proportions of responders were 68%, 57%, 33% and 9% for reductions in monthly migraine days ≥ 30%, ≥ 50%, ≥ 75% and 100%, respectively. A total of 72.8% of patients continued with the treatment after 6 months. The reduction in migraine days was similar for the different anti-CGRP treatments, but fewer adverse effects were detected with fremanezumab (7.7%). Anti-CGRP mAbs are safe and effective treatments in migraine patients over 65 years old in real-life clinical practice. The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s10194-023-01585-2

Antitumor effect of a small-molecule inhibitor of KRASG12D in xenograft models of mucinous appendicular neoplasms

Abstract Pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP) is a rare disease characterized by a massive accumulation of mucus in the peritoneal cavity. The only effective treatment is aggressive surgery, aimed at removing all visible tumors. However, a high percentage of patients relapse, with subsequent progression and death. Recently, there has been an increase in therapies that target mutated oncogenic proteins. In this sense, KRAS has been reported to be highly mutated in PMP, with KRASG12D being the most common subtype. Here, we tested the efficacy of a small-molecule KRASG12D inhibitor, MRTX1133, in a high-grade PMP xenograft mouse model carrying a KRASG12D mutation. The results obtained in this work showed a profound inhibition of tumor growth, which was associated with a reduction in cell proliferation, an increase in apoptosis, and a reduction in the MAPK and PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathways. In conclusion, these results demonstrate the high potency and efficacy of MRTX1133 in KRASG12D-PMP tumors and provide a rationale for clinical trials

Red de tutores del Programa de Acción Tutorial de la Facultad de Económicas (PATEC)

Desde su inicio en el curso 2005-2006, el Programa de Acción Tutorial de la Facultad de Económicas, PATEC, ha ido consolidándose, aunque persisten ciertas debilidades que se repiten cada curso. Para tratar de corregir estas debilidades, en el curso 2013-2014 se crea la Red de Tutores del PATEC que desde entonces viene trabajando en ello. Este curso, los miembros de la Red entienden que es necesario analizar qué acciones deberían ofrecerse desde el programa en base a las demandas de atención de los estudiantes. Así, con la investigación de la Red 2018-2019, se ha tratado de analizar, a partir de una lógica participativa e inductiva, las necesidades que los estudiantes no pueden cubrir de forma autónoma y que, por ello, pueden ser objeto del PATEC. Para obtener dicha información, se estableció la conveniencia de utilizar herramientas propias de los enfoques de Investigación Participativa, en concreto, el flujograma situacional. El objetivo último perseguido ha sido mejorar la percepción que los estudiantes tienen del PATEC, captar su interés y mejorar su participación en el programa para esta y futuras ediciones, buscando la orientación del PATEC hacia actividades que el alumnado haya consensuado como útiles y quieran participar en ellas

Effectiveness and safety of anti-CGRP monoclonal antibodies in patients over 65 years: a real-life multicentre analysis of 162 patients

Abstract Background Anti-CGRP monoclonal antibodies have shown notable effectiveness and tolerability in migraine patients; however, data on their use in elderly patients is still lacking, as clinical trials have implicit age restrictions and real-world evidence is scarce. In this study, we aimed to describe the safety and effectiveness of erenumab, galcanezumab and fremanezumab in migraine patients over 65 years old in real-life. Methods In this observational real-life study, a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data from 18 different headache units in Spain was performed. Migraine patients who started treatment with any anti-CGRP monoclonal antibody after the age of 65 years were included. Primary endpoints were reduction in monthly migraine days after 6 months of treatment and the presence of adverse effects. Secondary endpoints were reductions in headache and medication intake frequencies by months 3 and 6, response rates, changes in patient-reported outcomes and reasons for discontinuation. As a subanalysis, reduction in monthly migraine days and proportion of adverse effects were also compared among the three monoclonal antibodies. Results A total of 162 patients were included, median age 68 years (range 65–87), 74.1% women. 42% had dyslipidaemia, 40.3% hypertension, 8% diabetes, and 6.2% previous cardiovascular ischaemic disease. The reduction in monthly migraine days at month 6 was 10.1 ± 7.3 days. A total of 25.3% of patients presented adverse effects, all of them mild, with only two cases of blood pressure increase. Headache and medication intake frequencies were significantly reduced, and patient-reported outcomes were improved. The proportions of responders were 68%, 57%, 33% and 9% for reductions in monthly migraine days ≥ 30%, ≥ 50%, ≥ 75% and 100%, respectively. A total of 72.8% of patients continued with the treatment after 6 months. The reduction in migraine days was similar for the different anti-CGRP treatments, but fewer adverse effects were detected with fremanezumab (7.7%). Conclusions Anti-CGRP mAbs are safe and effective treatments in migraine patients over 65 years old in real-life clinical practice. Graphical Abstrac