October\u27s Weatlh

Poem by Joan Rya

Women naval dockyard workers in two 19th century dockyard towns: Chatham and Plymouth

The study focuses on various aspects of the employment of women in the Royal Naval Dockyards of Chatham and Plymouth in the nineteenth century in order to enlarge the current body of knowledge about the lives of women workers. Through an examination of the history of the two towns and the impact of the dockyards on their inhabitants it is shown that distinctive communities evolved in these areas, with their particular version of a maritime heritage. The dockyard workers studied here fit some but not all of the accepted theories about women’s employment, in particular that they illustrated the norms of gender-defined and very low paid work, while the differences are largely connected with their unusual position in an extremely large government organisation of longstanding, overwhelmingly dominated by male workers. Women were not employed to work alongside men in traditional dockyard crafts, but operated in specific areas. The reasons for the decisions to employ women in each case are examined, together with discussion of the developing technology associated with some of these decisions. The reasons are shown to vary, mainly between labour shortages and cost-cutting. Comparisons are made between working in commercial enterprises in rope making and in a government organisation particularly through the Report of a Royal Commission and some trades union records. The key features are size, modern equipment and labour relations. Information has been gathered about the ages, addresses and family status of some of the women, and used to assess the composition and social position of this segment of the female workforce. It is concluded that long standing beliefs that the workforce consisted only of widows and orphans were misplaced and also that the ambivalent position of these women in their communities is further evidence of the fine gradations within the working class

Risk evaluations and condom use decisions of homeless youth: a multi-level qualitative investigation.

BackgroundHomeless youth are at higher risk for sexually transmitted infections and unwanted pregnancy than non-homeless youth. However, little is known about how they evaluate risk within the context of their sexual relationships. It is important to understand homeless youths' condom use decisions in light of their sexual relationships because condom use decisions are influenced by relationship dynamics in addition to individual attitudes and event circumstances. It is also important to understand how relationship level factors, sexual event circumstances, and individual characteristics compare and intersect.MethodsTo explore these issues, we conducted semi-structured interviews with 37 homeless youth in Los Angeles County in 2011 concerning their recent sexual relationships and analyzed the data using systematic methods of team-based qualitative data analysis.ResultsWe identified themes of risk-related evaluations and decisions at the relationship/partner, event, and individual level. We also identified three different risk profiles that emerged from analyzing how different levels of risk intersected across individual respondents. The three profiles included 1) Risk Takers, who consistently engage in risk and have low concern about consequences of risk behavior, 2) Risk Avoiders, who consistently show high concern about protection and consistently avoid risk, and 3) Risk Reactors, those who are inconsistent in their concerns about risk and protection and mainly take risks in reaction to relationship and event circumstances.ConclusionsInterventions targeting homeless youth should reflect multiple levels of risk behavior and evaluation in order to address the diversity of risk profiles. Relationship/partner-, event-, and individual-level factors are all important but have different levels of importance for different homeless youth. Interventions should be tailored to address the most important factor contributing to homeless youth reproductive needs

Influential Article Review - Twitter as A Communication Channel for Scientists

This paper examines innovation. We present insights from a highly influential paper. Here are the highlights from this paper: There have been strong calls for scientists to share their discoveries with society. Some scientists have heeded these calls through social media platforms such as Twitter. Here, we ask whether Twitter allows scientists to promote their findings primarily to other scientists (“inreach”), or whether it can help them reach broader, non-scientific audiences (“outreach”). We analyzed the Twitter followers of more than 100 faculty members in ecology and evolutionary biology and found that their followers are, on average, predominantly (∼55%) other scientists. However, beyond a threshold of ∼1000 followers, the range of follower types became more diverse and included research and educational organizations, media, members of the public with no stated association with science, and a small number of decision-makers. This varied audience was, in turn, followed by more people, resulting in an exponential increase in the social media reach of tweeting academic scientists. Tweeting, therefore, has the potential to disseminate scientific information widely after initial efforts to gain followers. These results should encourage scientists to invest in building a social media presence for scientific outreach. For our overseas readers, we then present the insights from this paper in Spanish, French, Portuguese, and German

Telehealth vs Face to Face Pediatric Screenings: A Pilot Study

The global pandemic heightened the importance of occupational therapy (OT) education programs to prepare students for telehealth practice. The objective was to examine the following research questions: 1. Does self-assessment of pediatric competency skills improve following participation in pediatric screenings? 2. Is there a difference in self-assessment of pediatric competency skills between those students who perform pediatric screenings via telehealth versus face-to-face? 3. What is the lived experience for students who perform telehealth and face-to-face pediatric screenings? A mixed method- quasi-experimental design and phenomenological tradition were employed. The study utilized online surveys, focus groups, telehealth screenings with an urban preschool, and face-to-face screenings at a Christian suburban preschool in the Midwest. Participants included forty-nine first year, Master of OT students at a private university. Students performed screenings using the ASQ-3 via telehealth or face-to-face formats. Outcomes measures included: Self-Assessment of Competency- Pediatric Screening (SAC-PS) survey, Pediatric Screening Experience Survey, and Focus Group Semi-Structured Interview Questions. No statistically significant differences were found on SAC-PS scores between formats, F (11, 49) = .661, p = .76, Ꞃ2 = .17. Post-screening scores were statistically significantly higher (M =48.95, SD = 4.02) than pre-screening (M =43.58, SD =4.69) for all students, F (11,49) = 36, p2= .58. Improvements from pre-to post-pediatric screenings were found for ten of eleven questions at the

Analysis of data on the certificate of advanced graduate specialization program as collected by means of questionnaire

Thesis (Ed.M.)--Boston Universit

Characterization of eccentric digraphs

AbstractThe eccentric digraph ED(G) of a digraph G represents the binary relation, defined on the vertex set of G, of being ‘eccentric’; that is, there is an arc from u to v in ED(G) if and only if v is at maximum distance from u in G. A digraph G is said to be eccentric if there exists a digraph H such that G=ED(H). This paper is devoted to the study of the following two questions: what digraphs are eccentric and when the relation of being eccentric is symmetric.We present a characterization of eccentric digraphs, which in the undirected case says that a graph G is eccentric iff its complement graph G¯ is either self-centered of radius two or it is the union of complete graphs. As a consequence, we obtain that all trees except those with diameter 3 are eccentric digraphs. We also determine when ED(G) is symmetric in the cases when G is a graph or a digraph that is not strongly connected

The Index Of Narrative Microstructure: A Clinical Tool For Analyzing School-Age Children's Narrative Performances

Purpose: This research was conducted to develop a clinical tool-the Index of Narrative Microstructure (INMIS)-that would parsimoniously account for important microstructural aspects of narrative production for school-age children. The study provides field test age- and grade-based INMIS values to aid clinicians in making normative judgments about microstructural aspects of pupils' narrative performance. Method: Narrative samples using a single-picture elicitation context were collected from 250 children age 5-12 years and then transcribed and segmented into T-units. A T-unit consists of a single main clause and any dependent constituents. The narrative transcripts were then coded and analyzed to document a comprehensive set of microstructural indices. Results: Factor analysis indicated that narrative microstructure consisted of 2 moderately related factors. The Productivity factor primarily comprised measures of word output, lexical diversity, and T-unit output. The Complexity factor comprised measures of syntactic organization, with mean length of T-units in words and proportion of complex T-units loading most strongly. Principal components analysis was used to provide a linear combination of 8 variables to approximate the 2 factors. Formulas for calculating a student's performance on the 2 factors using 8 narrative measures are provided. Conclusions: This study provided a method for professionals to calculate INMIS scores for narrative Productivity and Complexity for comparison against field test data for age (5- to 12-year-old) or grade (kindergarten to Grade 6) groupings. INMIS scores complement other tools in evaluating a child's narrative performance specifically and language abilities more generally.Communication Sciences and Disorder

Perceived coach autonomy support, basic need satisfaction and the well- and ill-being of elite youth soccer players: A longitudinal investigation

Objectives: Drawing from the Basic Needs Theory [BNT; Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2002). An overview of self-determination theory. In E. L. Deci & R. M. Ryan (Eds.), Handbook of self-determination research (pp. 3-33). Rochester, NY: University of Rochester Press], the major purpose of the present study was to test a hypothesized sequence of temporal relationships between perceptions of coach autonomy support, basic need satisfaction and indices of well- and ill-being. A subsidiary aim was to ascertain the assumed mediational role of basic need satisfaction in explicating the perceived autonomy support and well-/ill-being relationships over time.\ud \ud Method: Participants (N = 54 males) from an elite youth soccer academy in the UK completed a multi-section questionnaire tapping the targeted variables on six occasions across two competitive seasons.\ud \ud Results: Multi-level regression analyses revealed that perceptions of coach autonomy support positively predicted within-person changes and between-person mean differences in basic need satisfaction and well-being over time. \ud \ud Satisfaction scores for the needs for competence and relatedness were found to predict within-person changes in subjective vitality. These same needs partially mediated the coach autonomy support-subjective vitality link over the two seasons.\ud \ud Conclusions: The findings partially support the tenets of BNT, and are discussed in terms of their practical application to participants involved in an elite youth sport setting. \u