Comportamiento agronomico de una variedad y ocho hibridos de sorgo ( Sorghum bicolor (L) Moench ) en los suelos de la zona de Santa Marta

En este experimento se estudió el comportamiento agronómico de nueve materiales genéticos dé sorgo (Sorghum bicolor (L) Moenon. El ensayo se realizó en los suelos de la granja de la Universidad Tecnológica del Magdalena, localizada en el municipio de Santa Marta, Departamento del Magdalena (Colombia); geográficamente la zona está localizada entre las siguientes coordenadas: 74)07' de Longitud Oeste y a los 11°15' de Latitud Norte. La zona tiene una altura de 7 m s.n.m., con una temperatura promedio de 28,6°C, una precipitación promedia de 674 mil anuales y una humedad relativa entre 74 g 76 %. El diseñó utilizado fue de bloques completamente al azar, con- cuatro replicaciones y nueve tratamientos. El área utilizada fue de 747,5 m2 con un área efectiva de 560 m2, se utilizaron parcelas sencillas de 2,6 m de ancho por 5 m de largó (14 m2). Los materiales genéticos utilizados fueron los híbridos: Pioneer 2000, Pioneer 8225, Pioneer 8239, Pioneer 8416A, D-61, Canguro VE-60, Tropical 9, y WAC 5005, y la variedad ICA NATAIMA. Los análisis estadísticos se realizaron tomando corno base los resultados obtenidos para la altura número de hojas, excerción de la panoja, grosor del tallo, peso y tamaño de la panoja, índice de semillas y producción. La máxima altura en promedio de las plantas se obtuvo para el híbrido Tropical 9 y la Menor altura para el híbrido WAC 5005 con 1,52 m y 1,17 - m respectivamente; el mayor número de hojas en promedio se logró para el híbrido D-61 con 9,05 hojas en promedio, mientras que "el menor número de hojas en promedio fue para el híbrido WAC. 5005 con 6,5 hojas; la excerción de la panoja máxima fue para el híbrido WAC 5005 con 19,8 cm y la menor para la variedad ICA NATAIMA con 2,5 cm en promedio. El grosor del tallo mostró: su máxima expresión con el híbrido Canguro, YS-60 con un promedio de 1,57 cm y el mínimo grosor se logró en el híbrido WAC 5005 con un promedio de 1,27 cm. El peso máximo de la panoja se obtuvo con el híbrido Pioneer 8225 con 58,5 g., el ancho máximo de la panoja fue para los híbridos Pioneer 2000, Pioneer 3225, Pioneer 8239 y D-61 con 3,8 cm en promedio, y la mejor longitud dele panoja fue para el Tropical 9 con 30 cm en promedio. El índice de semillas logró su máximo valor en el híbrido Pioneer 8225 con un promedio de 4.261. granos/100 g de semillas Y. la menor cantidad de semillas se observó en el híbrido Pioner 2000 con 3.392 granos/100 g de semillas en promedio. El análisis económica mostró que los materiales más rentables fueron: WAC 5005 con 3,8 Ton/Ha y una rentabilidad de 129,4 71, Pioneer- 2000 con 3,4 Ton/Ha y 105,3% y 0-61 con 3 Tun/Ha y 81,1% de rentabilidad. El material genético que se mostró corno el menos rentable fue el híbrido Tropical 9, del cual se obtuvo una producción de 2,5 Ton/Ha y una rentabilidad de 50,9 %

Uji Efek Analgesik Ekstrak Kulit Manggis (Garcinia Mangostana L.) Pada Mencit Swiss (Muss Musculus)

Background:Indonesia is the country with the second largest plants after Brazil. One of the plants that grow in Indonesia is the mangosteen plant is utilized as a medicine by the people of Indonesia but also by people in some other countries. Mangosteen skin is most often used to treat diseases such as fever, diarrhea, hypertension, antioksidant, antibiotics, anti-inflammatory, and many other diseases. This study aims to prove the presence or absence laboratorik analgesic effects of mangosteen peel extract in mice.Methods:This study uses a sample of nine experimental Swiss mice. The sample was divided into 3 groups, namely the positive control group given the drug tramadol, negative control group given distilled water control and experimental groups were given mangosteen peel extract, each group consisted of three mice. Testing is done by providing analgesic effects of pain stimuli using thermal stimuli (hot plate method) with a temperature of 550C. Given pain stimuli will cause the mice were protecting themselves by jumping response or lick the feet and tail. Testing efekan algesik done before giving the test substance and the reference solution, then at minute 30,60,90 and 120 minutes after administration of the test substance and the reference solution. Tests carried out for 1 minute.Results:mangosteen peel extract has analgesic effects are starting to look at minute 30 to minute 120 with the maximum effect seen at minute 90.Conclusion:mangosteen peel extract (Garcinia mangostana, L) has analgesic effect in Swiss mice (Mus musculus

Risk factors for postoperative depression in 150 subjects treated for drug-resistant focal epilepsy.

Objective.The primary goal was to identify risk factors for post-surgical depression in subjects operated on for drug-resistant epilepsy. Secondary goals were to confirm the high rate of depression in subjects suffering from epilepsy (prior to surgery) and to look for first post-surgical depressive episode.Methods.Case series study of 150 subjects surgically treated for partial epilepsy (side of surgery: 72 right, 78 left; site of surgery: 97 Unilobar Temporal, 17 Unilobar Frontal, 14 Posterior, 22 Multilobar). All subjects routinely had three psychiatric evaluations: before surgery (baseline) and at 6 and 12 months after surgery. Psychiatric diagnoses were made according to DSM-IV-TR criteria. Bivariate (Fisher exact test and Kruskal–Wallis rank sum test) and multivariate (logistic regression model fitting) analyses were performed.Results.Thirty-three (22%) subjects had post-surgical depressive episodes, 31 of them in the first 6 months. Fourteen out of 33 experienced depression for the first time. Post-surgical depressive episodes are not associated with gender, outcome on seizures, side/site of surgical resection, histological diagnosis, psychiatric diagnoses other than depression. Depressive episodes before surgery and older age at surgery time are risk factors for post-surgical depression (p = 0.0001 and 0.01, respectively, at logistic regression analysis). No protective factors were identified.Conclusions.Our data show that lifetime depressive episodes and older age at surgery time are risk factors for post-surgery depression. Moreover, a prospective study could be useful in order to assess whether depression is really a consequence of surgery

Enzymatic Inactivation of Oxysterols in Breast Tumor Cells Constraints Metastasis Formation by Reprogramming the Metastatic Lung Microenvironment

Recent evidence indicates that immune cells contribute to the formation of tumor metastases by regulating the pre-metastatic niche. Whether tumor-derived factors involved in primary tumor formation play a role in metastasis formation is poorly characterized. Oxysterols act as endogenous regulators of lipid metabolism through the interaction with the nuclear Liver X Receptors-(LXR)alpha and LXR beta. In the context of tumor development, they establish a pro-tumor environment by dampening antitumor immune responses, and by recruiting pro-angiogenic and immunosuppressive neutrophils. However, the ability of LXR/oxysterol axis to promote tumor invasion and metastasis by exploiting immune cells, is still up to debate. In this study we provide evidence that oxysterols participate in the primary growth of orthotopically implanted 4T1 breast tumors by establishing a tumor-promoting microenvironment. Furthermore, we show that oxysterols are involved in the metastatic spread of 4T1 breast tumors, since their enzymatic inactivation mediated by the sulfotransferase 2B1b, reduces the number of metastatic cells in the lungs of tumor-bearing mice. Finally, we provide evidence that oxysterols support the metastatic cascade by modifying the lung metastatic niche, particularly allowing the recruitment of tumor-promoting neutrophils. These results identify a possible new metastatic pathway to target in order to prevent metastasis formation in breast cancer patients

Caciocavallo Podolico Cheese, a Traditional Agri-Food Product of the Region of Basilicata, Italy: Comparison of the Cheese’s Nutritional, Health and Organoleptic Properties at 6 and 12 Months of Ripening, and Its Digital Communication

Traditional agri-food products (TAPs) are closely linked to the peculiarities of the territory of origin and are strategic tools for preserving culture and traditions; nutritional and organoleptic peculiarities also differentiate these products on the market. One such product is Caciocavallo Podolico Lucano (CPL), a stretched curd cheese made exclusively from raw milk from Podolian cows, reared under extensive conditions. The objective of this study was to characterise CPL and evaluate the effects of ripening (6 vs. 12 months) on the quality and organoleptic properties, using the technological “artificial senses” platform, of CPL produced and sold in the region of Basilicata, Italy. Additionally, this study represents the first analysis of cheese-related digital communication and trends online. The study found no significant differences between 6-month- and 12-month-ripened cheese, except for a slight increase in cholesterol levels in the latter. CPL aged for 6 and 12 months is naturally lactose-free, rich in bioactive components, and high in vitamin A and antioxidants and has a low PUFA-n6/n3 ratio. The “artificial sensory profile” was able to discriminate the organoleptic fingerprints of 6-month- and 12-month-ripened cheese. The application of a sociosemiotic methodology enabled us to identify the best drivers to create effective communication for this product. The researchers recommend focusing on creating a certification mark linked to the territory for future protection

SISTEMA PATENTÁRIO BRASILEIRO: CORRELAÇÃO ENTRE OS DEPÓSITOS DE RESIDENTES E NÃO RESIDENTES DE 1980 A 2012

O presente artigo tem por escopo estudar o sistema patentário brasileiro por meio da análise de depósitos de patentes de invenção, conforme origem de seu titular, residente e não residente, no espaço temporal de 1980 a 2012, aplicados a Teste Estatístico de Correlacionamento. Fora dada preferência ao estudo das patentes de invenção tendo em vista seu forte conteúdo tecnológico, o que repercute, por consequência, na capacidade inovativa do país. A base de dados da World Intellectual Property Organization – WIPO serviu de mecanismo de extração de informações para o suporte necessário da pesquisa. O estudo apontou para uma forte correlação existente entre patentes de residentes e não residentes, demonstrando ainda a predominância destas últimas bem como seu expressivo crescimento após edição da Lei de Propriedade Intelectual, indicando que o sistema patentário brasileiro está sendo direcionado para a proteção de patentes não nacionais, em prol das empresas estrangeiras

SARS-CoV-2 Infection Incidence and Outcome Before and After Full Vaccination in Patients With Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance

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Direct Aortic CoreValve Implantation via Right Anterior Thoracotomy in a Patient with Patent Bilateral Mammary Artery Grafts and Aortic Arch Chronic Dissection

Direct aortic trans-catheter aortic valve implantation is an alternative approach to treat high risk for surgery patients affected by severe aortic stenosis and concomitant peripheral vascular disease. We describe a case of direct aortic CoreValve implantation made via a right anterior thoracotomy in a 78-year-old male affected by severe aortic stenosis and severe peripheral vasculopathy, who previously underwent coronary artery bypass grafting, with patent bilateral mammary artery grafts and chronic aortic arch dissection