Evaluation of reservoir energy consumption during oil well operation on the north Perm region

In the article an account of extensive investigations of a well with carbonate deposits operating over a period of 44 months in Perm Region is given. Two well production enhancement techniques were used, namely abrasive jet perforation and acid treatment. A detailed analysis of abrasive jet perforation and acid treatment results was carried out, where changes of productivity index depending on reservoir and bottomhole pressures after operations were evaluated. It was shown, that an incremental oil production can significantly decrease with decreasing reservoir and bottomhole pressures. It was found that during the abrasive jet perforation with acid treatment, an incremental oil production has increased for abrasive jet perforation and acid treatment to about 65 % and 35 % respectively. It was also shown, that the abrasive jet perforation helps to slightly increase a well rate and decrease a reservoir energy consumption for fluid communications in bottomhole formation zone. After the acid treatment taking place two years later, oil production was increased and it is understood that 15 % of this increase is due to acid attack, and on 85 % due to growth in bottomhole pressure and fracture permeability. There was revealed a complete exclusion of reservoir energy consumptions to overcome the additional filtration resistance immediately after conducting operations. The reservoir has an excellent intrinsic fracturing property, so bottomhole formation permeability and energy consumption significantly depend on the reservoir and bottomhole pressures. It is recommended to maintain reservoir and bottomhole pressures higher than lateral rock pressure to increase effectiveness of well operations in reservoirs with advanced natural fracturing

The electrochemical behavior’s character of a potential antiviral drug 3-nitro-4-hydroxy-7-methylthio-4H-[1,2,4]triazolo[5,1-c][1,2,4]triazinide monohydrate

The results of this study of the electrochemical transformation of 3-R-4-hydroxy-1,4-dihydro-7-X-1,2,4-triazolo[5,1-c][1,2,4] obtained by voltammetry are presented. It was found that 3-R-4-hydroxy-1,4-dihydro-7-X-1,2,4-triazolo[5,1-c][1,2,4] derivatives are capable of electrochemical reduction in the potential range of –0.28 to –0.33 V (relative to Ag/AgCl) in Britton–Robinson buffer at pH = 2. The electrochemical behavior of the sodium salt of 3-nitro-4-hydroxy-7-methylthio-4H-[1,2,4]triazolo[5,1-c][1,2,4]triazinide monohydrate (compound 1), which in silico modeling predicted possible biological activity against various tick-borne encephalitis and Coxsackie B3 viruses. At the potentials of the first stage of electroreduction at pH = 2, the main transformation process is the three-electron reduction scheme of the nitro group of compound 1. It was established that compound 1 in an aprotic medium is reduced in ionic form, most likely in the form of an ion pair with the Na+ cation, and in an aqueous medium in the form of a protonated particle. Based on this, a scheme was proposed for the probable electrochemical transformation of the studied compound

2,2:6,2":6",2"-TETRAPYRIDINE PRODUCTION METHOD

FIELD: chemistry. SUBSTANCE: production method of 2 :6, 2":6", 2"-tetrapyridine, including dimerisation characterised that bipyridine N-oxide is dimerised with 0.5 eq. tert-buthyllithium and thereafter reduced with triethylphosphite. EFFECT: development of simple and economical production method of 2:6,2":6",2"-tetrapyridine. 1 cl.Предложен способ получения 2:6,2":6",2"-тетрапиридина, включающий димеризацию, отличающийся тем, что проводят димеризацию N-оксида бипиридина в присутствии 0,5 экв. трет-бутиллития с последующим восстановлением триэтилфосфитом. Технический результат: предлагаемый способ является более простым и более привлекательным с экологической точки зрения, также нет необходимости в использовании дорогих катализаторов

2-METHYLTHIO-6-NITRO-1,2,4-TRIAZOLO[5,1-C]-1,2,4-TRIAZINE-7(4H)-ONE SODIUM SALT DIHYDRATE POSSESSING ANTIVIRAL ACTIVITY

FIELD: organic chemistry, medicine, virology. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to biologically active compounds and concerns the development of a novel substance - 2-methylthio-6-nitro-1,2,4-triazolo[5,1-c]-1,2,4-triazine-7-(4H)-one sodium salt dihydrate of the formula: . This compound is designated for treatment and prophylaxis of diseases caused by viruses that are pathogenic form humans and animals. Proposed compound protects against infections caused by Rift Valley fever virus. Also, it shows activity against viruses of WEE(West Equine Encephalomyelitis), parainfluenza, respiratory-syncytium, Aujeszkys disease virus, avian infectious laryngotracheitis virus, avian influenza virus - totally against above 10 RNA- and DNA-containing viruses. The proposed compound is active in curative schedule of its using that is especially valuable. EFFECT: valuable medicinal properties of compound. 1 cl, 6 tbl, 2 dwg, 7 ex.Изобретение относится к области биологически активных соединений, касается разработки нового вещества - натриевой соли 2-метилтио-6-нитро-1,2,4-триазоло[5,1-с]-1,2,4-триазин-7-она, дигидрата и предназначено для лечения и профилактики заболеваний, вызываемых патогенными для человека и животных вирусами и имеющего формулу: Описываемое соединение защищает от инфекций, вызываемых вирусами лихорадки долины Рифт. Особенно ценно, что соединение активно при лечебной схеме применения. Оно активно в отношении вируса ЗЭЛ, парагриппа, респираторно-синцитиального вируса, вируса болезни Ауески, инфекционного ляринготрахеита птиц, вируса гриппа птиц, всего более 10 РНК и ДНК содержащих вирусов. 6 табл., 2 ил

Regulation of glutamate receptor subunit availability by microRNAs

The efficacy of synaptic transmission depends, to a large extent, on postsynaptic receptor abundance. The molecular mechanisms controlling receptor abundance are poorly understood. We tested whether abundance of postsynaptic glutamate receptors (GluRs) in Drosophila neuromuscular junctions is controlled by microRNAs, and provide evidence that it is. We show here that postsynaptic knockdown of dicer-1, the endoribonuclease necessary for microRNA synthesis, leads to large increases in postsynaptic GluR subunit messenger RNA and protein. Specifically, we measured increases in GluRIIA and GluRIIB but not GluRIIC. Further, knockout of MiR-284, a microRNA predicted to bind to GluRIIA and GluRIIB but not GluRIIC, increases expression of GluRIIA and GluRIIB but not GluRIIC proportional to the number of predicted binding sites in each transcript. Most of the de-repressed GluR protein, however, does not appear to be incorporated into functional receptors, and only minor changes in synaptic strength are observed, which suggests that microRNAs primarily regulate Drosophila receptor subunit composition rather than overall receptor abundance or synaptic strength

2-R-4-(ALLYLOXYMETHYL)-6-NITRO-1,2,4-TRIASOLO[5,1-C]-1,2,4-TRIAZIN-7(4H)-ONS AND 2-R-4-(PROPARGYLOXYMETHYL)-6-NITRO-1,2,4-TRIASOLO[5,1-C]-1,2,4-TRIAZIN7(4H)-ONS, POSSESSING ANTI-VIRAL ACTIVITY

FIELD: chemistry. SUBSTANCE: 2-R-4-(allyloxymethyl)-6-nitro-1,2,4-triazolo [5,1-c]-1,2,4-triazin-7(4H)-ons of general formula (1) and 2-R-4-(propargyloxymethyl)-6-nitro-1,2,4-triasolo[5,1-c]-1,2,4-triazin-7(4H)-ons of general formula (2) . EFFECT: anti-viral activity of compound. 1 cl, 3 tbl, 5 ex, 2 dwg.2-R-4-(аллилоксиметил)-6-нитро-1,2,4-триазоло [5,1-с]-1,2,4-триазин-7(4Н)-оны общей формулы (1) и 2-R-4-(пропаргилоксиметил)-6-нитро-1,2,4-триазоло[5,1-с]-1,2,4-триазин-7(4Н)-оны общей формулы (2) R:H, CH₃, SCH₃ обладающие противовирусным действием, которые могут найти применение в медицине. 3 табл., 2 ил