Desarrollo de competencias de liderazgo docente en alumnos del grado universitario de educación

[ES] Nuestro objetivo es mostrar una experiencia de desarrollo de competencias de liderazgo docente en alumnos de los Grados en Educación primaria e infantil. Usando la metodología de trabajo cooperativo, se plantea a los alumnos la realización de un proyecto transversal donde se aúna el uso de las tecnologías, el acompañamiento individual y grupal por parte del equipo docente y donde se integran conocimientos, actitudes y aptitudes de la asignatura de primero “Técnicas de Comunicación Eficaz”.Gambarini Duarte, MF.; Muñoz Pérez, S.; Crespí Ruperez, M. (2019). Desarrollo de competencias de liderazgo docente en alumnos del grado universitario de educación. En INNODOCT/18. International Conference on Innovation, Documentation and Education. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 379-388. https://doi.org/10.4995/INN2018.2018.8782OCS37938

Role of Glucocorticoid Signaling and HDAC4 Activation in Diaphragm and Gastrocnemius Proteolytic Activity in Septic Rats.

Sepsis increases glucocorticoid and decreases IGF-1, leading to skeletal muscle wasting and cachexia. Muscle atrophy mainly takes place in locomotor muscles rather than in respiratory ones. Our study aimed to elucidate the mechanism responsible for this difference in muscle proteolysis, focusing on local inflammation and IGF-1 as well as on their glucocorticoid response and HDAC4-myogenin activation. Sepsis was induced in adult male rats by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injection (10 mg/kg), and 24 h afterwards, rats were euthanized. LPS increased TNFα and IL-10 expression in both muscles studied, the diaphragm and gastrocnemius, whereas IL-6 and SOCS3 mRNA increased only in diaphragm. In comparison with gastrocnemius, diaphragm showed a lower increase in proteolytic marker expression (atrogin-1 and LC3b) and in LC3b protein lipidation after LPS administration. LPS increased the expression of glucocorticoid induced factors, KLF15 and REDD1, and decreased that of IGF-1 in gastrocnemius but not in the diaphragm. In addition, an increase in HDAC4 and myogenin expression was induced by LPS in gastrocnemius, but not in the diaphragm. In conclusion, the lower activation of both glucocorticoid signaling and HDAC4-myogenin pathways by sepsis can be one of the causes of lower sepsis-induced proteolysis in the diaphragm compared to gastrocnemius.Fac. de Enfermería, Fisioterapia y PodologíaTRUESpanish Ministry of Economy and CompetitivenessFondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER)European CommissionComunidad de MadridFundación SenefroFundación Mutua Madrileñapu

Quantitative phosphoproteomics of cytotoxic T cells to reveal Protein Kinase D 2 regulated networks

The focus of the present study was to characterize the phosphoproteome of cytotoxic T cells and to explore the role of the serine threonine kinase PKD2 (Protein Kinase D2) in the phosphorylation networks of this key lymphocyte population. We used Stable Isotope Labeling of Amino acids in Culture (SILAC) combined with phosphopeptide enrichment and quantitative mass-spectrometry to determine the impact of PKD2 loss on the cytotoxic T cells phosphoproteome. We identified 15,871 phosphorylations on 3505 proteins in cytotoxic T cells. 450 phosphosites on 281 proteins were down-regulated and 300 phosphosites on 196 proteins were up-regulated in PKD2 null cytotoxic T cells. These data give valuable new insights about the protein phosphorylation networks operational in effector T cells and reveal that PKD2 regulates directly and indirectly about 5% of the cytotoxic T-cell phosphoproteome. PKD2 candidate substrates identified in this study include proteins involved in two distinct biological functions: regulation of protein sorting and intracellular vesicle trafficking, and control of chromatin structure, transcription, and translation. In other cell types, PKD substrates include class II histone deacetylases such as HDAC7 and actin regulatory proteins such as Slingshot. The current data show these are not PKD substrates in primary T cells revealing that the functional role of PKD isoforms is different in different cell lineages

Pathophysiology of Anemia in HIV-Infected Children Exposed to Malaria

ABSTRACTAnemia is a common condition in HIV-infected children; however, its pathophysiology and the contribution of frequent causes of anemia such as iron deficiency (ID) and malaria are poorly understood. We carried out an ancillary study on the effect of HIV on anemia as part of a case–control study on risk factors of anemia among Mozambican children aged 1–59 months with documented HIV status. Of them, 390 children were admitted to the hospital with anemia (hemoglobin [Hb] &lt; 11 g/dL), whereas 272 children without anemia (Hb ≥ 11 g/dL) were recruited in the community. We assessed differences by HIV status in the presentation of anemia etiological factors and the effect of HIV infection on the association of each factor with anemia. Among the 99 HIV-infected and 563 uninfected children included, HIV-infected anemic children had an increased risk of undernutrition (P &lt; 0.0001), Epstein–Barr virus infection (P &lt; 0.0001), bacteremia (P = 0.0060), a decreased risk of malaria (P &lt; 0.0001), and a similar risk of ID (P = 0.7371) compared with anemic-uninfected children. HIV-infected children were significantly less likely to have anemia associated with Plasmodium falciparum hyperparasitemia (P = 0.0444) and had a lower prevalence of parasitemia in the bone marrow (BM) (P &lt; 0.0001) than anemic-uninfected children. Levels of BM erythropoiesis and dyserythropoiesis were comparable between groups. These findings suggest that the pathophysiology of anemia among HIV-infected malaria-exposed children is not related to HIV-specific effects. For unclear reasons, HIV-infected children had reduced risk of malaria infection, whereas ID prevalence was comparable in HIV-infected and uninfected children, suggesting that iron supplementation recommendations should not be different in HIV-infected children.</jats:p

HIV infection and placental malaria reduce maternal transfer of multiple antimalarial antibodies in Mozambican women

Objectives: Maternal Plasmodium falciparum-specific antibodies may contribute to protect infants against severe malaria. Our main objective was to evaluate the impact of maternal HIV infection and placental malaria on the cord blood levels and efficiency of placental transfer of IgG and IgG subclasses. Methods: In a cohort of 341 delivering HIV-negative and HIV-positive mothers from southern Mozambique, we measured total IgG and IgG subclasses in maternal and cord blood pairs by quantitative suspension array technology against eight P. falciparum antigens: Duffy-binding like domains 3-4 of VAR2CSA from the erythrocyte membrane protein 1, erythrocyte-binding antigen 140, exported protein 1 (EXP1), merozoite surface proteins 1, 2 and 5, and reticulocyte-binding-homologue-4.2 (Rh4.2). We performed univariable and multivariable regression models to assess the association of maternal HIV infection, placental malaria, maternal variables and pregnancy outcomes on cord antibody levels and antibody transplacental transfer. Results: Maternal antibody levels were the main determinants of cord antibody levels. HIV infection and placental malaria reduced the transfer and cord levels of IgG and IgG1, and this was antigen-dependent. Low birth weight was associated with an increase of IgG2 in cord against EXP1 and Rh4.2. Conclusions: We found lower maternally transferred antibodies in HIV-exposed infants and those born from mothers with placental malaria, which may underlie increased susceptibility to malaria in these children. © 2021 The British Infection Associatio

HIV infection and placental malaria reduce maternal transfer of multiple antimalarial antibodies in Mozambican women

Objectives: Maternal Plasmodium falciparum-specific antibodies may contribute to protect infants against severe malaria. Our main objective was to evaluate the impact of maternal HIV infection and placental malaria on the cord blood levels and efficiency of placental transfer of IgG and IgG subclasses.Methods: In a cohort of 341 delivering HIV-negative and HIV-positive mothers from southern Mozambique, we measured total IgG and IgG subclasses in maternal and cord blood pairs by quantitative suspension array technology against eight P. falciparum antigens: Duffy-binding like domains 3-4 of VAR2CSA from the erythrocyte membrane protein 1, erythrocyte-binding antigen 140, exported protein 1 (EXP1), merozoite surface proteins 1, 2 and 5, and reticulocyte-binding-homologue-4.2 (Rh4.2). We performed univariable and multivariable regression models to assess the association of maternal HIV infection, placental malaria, maternal variables and pregnancy outcomes on cord antibody levels and antibody transplacental transfer.Results: Maternal antibody levels were the main determinants of cord antibody levels. HIV infection and placental malaria reduced the transfer and cord levels of IgG and IgG1, and this was antigen-dependent. Low birth weight was associated with an increase of IgG2 in cord against EXP1 and Rh4.2.Conclusions: We found lower maternally transferred antibodies in HIV-exposed infants and those born from mothers with placental malaria, which may underlie increased susceptibility to malaria in these children

Reduced Placental Transfer of Antibodies Against a Wide Range of Microbial and Vaccine Antigens in HIV-Infected Women in Mozambique.

Transplacental transfer of antibodies is essential for conferring protection in newborns against infectious diseases. We assessed the impact of different factors, including gestational age and maternal infections such as HIV and malaria, on the efficiency of cord blood levels and placental transfer of IgG subclasses. We measured total IgG and IgG subclasses by quantitative suspension array technology against 14 pathogens and vaccine antigens, including targets of maternal immunization, in 341 delivering HIV-uninfected and HIV-infected mother-infant pairs from southern Mozambique. We analyzed the association of maternal HIV infection, Plasmodium falciparum exposure, maternal variables and pregnancy outcomes on cord antibody levels and transplacental transfer. Our results show that maternal antibody levels were the main determinant of cord antibody levels. Univariable and multivariable analysis showed that HIV reduced the placental transfer and cord levels of IgG and IgG1 principally, but also IgG2 to half of the antigens tested. P. falciparum exposure and prematurity were negatively associated with cord antibody levels and placental transfer, but this was antigen-subclass dependent. Our findings suggest that lower maternally transferred antibodies may underlie increased susceptibility to infections of HIV-exposed infants. This could affect efficacy of maternal vaccination, especially in sub-Saharan Africa, where there is a high prevalence of HIV, malaria and unfavorable environmental factors

Instagram y gamificación para incorporar los procesos fisiológicos al día a día de los estudiantes de Fisiología

El presente proyecto de innovación docente se basa en la utilización de la red social Instagram para incentivar el estudio diario y el aprendizaje cooperativo de una forma lúdica, autónoma y divertida. Se aplicó en la docencia de la Fisiología Humana en distintos grados en los que participa el Departamento de Fisiología. La metodología consiste en que los alumnos, trabajando en grupo, publiquen contenidos en Instagram, para repasar, sintetizar y compartir información de la asignatura. Los objetivos alcanzados fueron: motivación en el estudio continuado, implicación en el proceso de aprendizaje, trabajo en equipo y adquisición de competencias transversales como creatividad, liderazgo y compromiso. La participación en el proyecto fue muy alta (94%), así como la satisfacción de los alumnos, sobre todo en aspectos motivacionales (interés y curiosidad por la asignatura) y de integración, gracias al trabajo en equipo. En conclusión, la red Instagram es una herramienta útil como complemento de las clases, con objeto de incentivar el estudio diario, sintetizar la información y transmitirla mediante trabajo cooperativo

Mineralization of titanium surfaces: biomimetic implants

The surface modification by the formation of apatitic compounds, such as hydroxyapatite, improves biological fixation implants at an early stage after implantation. The structure, which is identical to mineral content of human bone, has the potential to be osteoinductive and/or osteoconductive materials. These calcium phosphates provoke the action of the cell signals that interact with the surface after implantation in order to quickly regenerate bone in contact with dental implants with mineral coating. A new generation of calcium phosphate coatings applied on the titanium surfaces of dental implants using laser, plasma-sprayed, laser-ablation, or electrochemical deposition processes produces that response. However, these modifications produce failures and bad responses in long-term behavior. Calcium phosphates films result in heterogeneous degradation due to the lack of crystallinity of the phosphates with a fast dissolution; conversely, the film presents cracks, which produce fractures in the coating. New thermochemical treatments have been developed to obtain biomimetic surfaces with calcium phosphate compounds that overcome the aforementioned problems. Among them, the chemical modification using biomineralization treatments has been extended to other materials, including composites, bioceramics, biopolymers, peptides, organic molecules, and other metallic materials, showing the potential for growing a calcium phosphate layer under biomimetic conditions.Ramón y Cajal Beca a C.M.-M. RYC-2015-18566Cofinanciados por la UE a través de la Unión Europea Fondos de Desarrollo Regional

Pre-surgical anxiety assessment: two experimental procedures

Se hace una revisión en torno la media de la ansiedad prequirúrgica, realizándose dos procedimientos experimentales de medida subjetiva y psicofisiológica de ésta. Los resultados muestran relaciones significativas entre la ansiedad, el dolor postquirúrgico y la recuperación postanestésica. Se subraya la importancia de la tasa cardíaca como indicador del nivel de activación, siendo posible su predicción en base al conocimiento de las puntuaciones de ansiedad obtenidas mediante un autoinforme. Además, la observación que el anestesista hace del nivel de ansiedad manifiesta previa a la intervención, se ha mostrado como una variable capaz de ser utilizada en trabajos futuros.A review on pre-surgical anxiety mean is made by using two experimental procedures of subjective and psychophysiological measurement of it. Results show significant relation ships between anxiety, potsurgical pain and postanaesthesical recovery. It is underlined that heart rate as activity level index is important, being possible its prediction from the knowledge of anxiety punctuations obtained by self-reporting. Furthermore, the comments that the anaesthesit makes on anxiety level before the intervention has shown as a variable capable of being used in future research