Toward an Integrated Model of Pathological Personality Traits: Common Hierarchical Structure of the PID-5 and the DAPP-BQ

A dimensional classification seems to be the next move in the personality disorders field. However, it is not clear whether we have one dimensional model or many, or whether the currently available dimensional instruments measure the same traits. To help clarify these issues, we administered the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5) and the Dimensional Assessment of Personality Pathology (DAPP-BQ) to 414 psychiatric outpatients. Factor analyses showed that a common hierarchical structure underlies both instruments, and that both cover every aspect of this structure equally well. Furthermore, disattenuated correlations indicated that two thirds of the PID and DAPP facets measure essentially the same traits, although the pairings were not exactly as predicted. Among higher-order domains, only PID Negative Affectivity and Detachment converged unambiguously with DAPP Emotional Dysregulation and Inhibition. Overall, the PID-5 and the DAPP-BQ reflect one and the same structure of personality pathology and can be used interchangeably

Absorción de grasas termoxidadas. II. Influencia del nivel de alteración y porcentaje de grasa en la dieta

In this paper, the influence of dietary fat alteration and level upon digestibilities of total fat, unsaponifiable matter and non-altered fatty acids, is studied. 11 groups of Wistar rats were fed diets containing non-heated and thermoxidized olive oils. Analytical techniques previously studied were used for isolation and evaluation of non-absorbed lipids present in feces. The results obtained led to the following conclusions: - Digestibility of fat decreases with dietary fat alteration but it is independent of the dietary fat level. - The apparent absorption of non-altered fatty acids is affected by the dietary fat alteration. - Dietary fat alteration significantly contributes to increase excreted levels of unsaponifiable from endogenous sources.En el presente trabajo se estudia la influencia de la alteración y porcentaje de grasa en la dieta sobre la digestibilidad de la grasa total así como de las fracciones insaponificable y de ácidos grasos no alterados. La experiencia fue realizada utilizando 11 grupos de ratas Wistar alimentadas con aceites de oliva no calentado y termoxidado. Se aplicaron técnicas analíticas estudiadas con anterioridad para la extracción y evaluación de los lípidos no absorbidos presentes en heces. Los resultados obtenidos permiten deducir las siguientes conclusiones: - La digestibilidad de la grasa disminuye con el incremento de alteración, pero es independiente del nivel de grasa en la dieta. - La absorción aparente de ácidos grasos no alterados se encuentra afectada por la alteración de la grasa de la dieta. - La alteración de la grasa ingerida contribuye al aumento de las cantidades excretadas de insaponificable de origen endógeno

Absorción de grasas termoxidadas. I. Reproducibilidad y exactitud de las técnicas analíticas previas a la evaluación de los lípidos no absorbidos

Reproducibility of the techniques used for isolation and separation of non-absorbed lipids present in feces from rats fed with diets containing heated oils are defined. Highly reproducible results have been found for total lipids, nonpolar fatty acid compositions. Results obtaines from extracted diets demonstrate both the absence of significant alteration and the complete extraction of the fat when compared to those obtained directly from the oils. Non-absorbed lipids from diets containing thermoxidized oils are characterized by high proportions of unsaponifiable compounds and polar fatty acids.Se estudia la exactitud y reproducibilidad de las técnicas analíticas utilizadas en la extracción y separación de lípidos no absorbidos presentes en las heces de ratas Wistar alimentadas con dietas conteniendo aceites termoxidados. Se ha encontrado una reproducibilidad muy elevada en la cuantificación de lípidos totales, ácidos grasos no polares y composición en ácidos grasos. Por otra parte, la comparación de los lípidos extraídos de las dietas con sus correspondientes aceites de partida, demuestra en primer lugar una total recuperación de la grasa en el proceso de extracción y en segundo ausencia de alteración significativa durante el mismo. Los lípidos no absorbidos se caracterizan por un elevado contenido en ácidos grasos polares y compuestos no saponificables

Electrochemical multi-sensors device coupled with heuristic or meta-heuristic selection algorithms for single-cultivar olive oil classification

Potentiometric electrochemical multi-sensors performance highly depends on the capability of selecting the best set of sensors. Indeed, signals are usually collinear resulting in over-fitted multivariate models with low predictive applicability. In this work, a comparative study was made to evaluate the predictive performance of classification models coupled with heuristic or meta-heuristic variable selection algorithms. In this study, eleven single cultivar extra virgin olive oils, from two crop years, were used. The results demonstrated that linear discriminant analysis with simulated annealing algorithm allowed selecting the best subset of sensors enabling 100% of correct cross validation classifications, considering samples split by crop year

Characterization of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains colonizing the nostrils of Spanish children

Objective: To characterize the Staphylococcus aureus strains colonizing healthy Spanish children. Methods: Between March and July 2018, 1876 Spanish children younger than 14 years attending primary healthcare centers were recruited from rural and urban areas. Staphylococcus aureus colonization of the anterior nostrils was analyzed. MecA and mecC genes, antibiotic susceptibility, and genotyping according to the spa were determined in all strains, and the following toxins were examined: Panton-Valentine leucocidin (pvl), toxic shock syndrome toxin (tst), and exfoliative toxins (eta, etb, etd). Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and staphylococcal cassette chromosome (SCCmec) typing were performed on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains, as well as pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Results: 619 strains were isolated in 1876 children (33%), and 92% of them were sent for characterization to the Spanish National Centre of Microbiology (n = 572). Twenty (3.5%) of these strains were mecA-positive. Several spa types were detected among MRSA, being t002 the most frequently observed (30%), associating with SCCmec IVc. Among MSSA, 33% were positive for tst, while only 0.73% were positive for pvl. The 20 MRSA strains were negative for pvl, and 6 (30%) harbored the tst gene. Conclusions: methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus nasal colonization in Spanish children is rare, with t002 being the most observed spa type, associated with SCCmec IVc. None of the MRSA strains produced pvl, but up to 30% of S. aureus strains were positive for tst

General and specific conditionings to consider in the process of designing constructive systems of innovative façades

The Building Department of the School of Architecture of the University of Navarra is developing for some time a research line related to the development of constructive systems of innovative façades. One of the developed tools in this research line refers to those factors that could determine or influence the final constructive solution. It is also important to take into account the whole life cycle of the new system, its relation to other constructive systems of the building and its influence in the global building process. A thorough relation of the diverse types of conditionings, which should be considered in the design of façades, has been developed as a guide to identify those that explicitly or implicitly will be necessary to take into account in each case study. Several families of conditionings have been categorized. This complete relation of conditionings allows identifying and defining the main objectives to be considered in each case. These objectives help to define the specific demands (exigencies) that should be solved by the façade constructive system. In this communication we intend to show the importance of these conditionings as a way to study and design these new façades. These conditionings serve as a starting point for the elaboration of a specific programme of necessities related to façade systems. The detailed study of the conditionings allows advancing in the study, analysis, design or assessment of the new constructive systems of façades we expect to develop by means of conceptual and experimental research