718 research outputs found
La formación docente del profesorado de la Universidad de Barcelona: satisfacción, transferencia e impacto
Este estudio analiza el efecto que los programas de formación del Instituto de Ciencias de la Educación (ICE) de la Universidad de Barcelona (UB) tiene sobre la acción docente del profesorado que recibe esta formación. Se ha valorado la satisfacción del profesorado sobre los cursos recibidos, el nivel de transferencia de los conocimientos adquiridos a la docencia y su repercusión en el rendimiento académico, en la motivación y en la participación de los estudiantes. También se analizan las dificultades para transferir a la práctica los conocimientos y las habilidades adquiridas en la formación. Los indicadores utilizados para la recogida y el análisis de datos forman parte del Sistema Interno de Garantía de Calidad (SIGC) de los programas de formación del ICE de la UB. Los datos muestran una alta satisfacción del profesorado con la formación recibida. Indican que los programas diseñados favorecen la adquisición de competencias docentes y proporcionan a los profesores una mayor capacidad para introducir cambios en su docencia Dichos cambios repercuten en la mejora del rendimiento académico, así como en la participación y motivación de los estudiantes. La percepción de que algunos aspectos organizativos de la institución obstaculizan la transferencia es mayor en el profesorado que ha recibido más formación. Así mismo se pone de manifiesto que el SIGC es una buena herramienta para el seguimiento y la evaluación de los programas de formación, para su acreditarlos, y en consecuencia, para acreditar también el desarrollo docente del profesorado. This study analyses the effect that the training programs of the Institute of Education (ICE) of the University of Barcelona (UB) has on the teaching of the trainees who received this training. The satisfaction of the teaching staff about the courses, the level of transfer of the knowledge acquired to their teaching and its impact on the academic performance, motivation and participation of the trainees have been evaluated. Besides, the difficulties in transferring knowledge and skills acquired in the training to the teaching practice have been analysed. The indicators used for the collection and analysis of data are part of the Internal Quality Assurance System (IACS) of the ICE’s training programs. The data show a high satisfaction of the teacher trainees with the training received. They indicate that the programs designed favour the acquisition of teaching competences and provide teachers with a greater capacity to introduce changes in their teaching. These changes affect the improvement of academic performance as well as the participation and motivation of their students. The perception that some organizational aspects of the institution hamper the transference to their teaching is greater in the trainees who have received more training. Moreover, it shows that IACS is a good tool for monitoring and evaluating the training programs, to accredit them, and therefore also to accredit the professional development of teacher trainees.
Sphere rolling on the surface of a cone
We analyse the motion of a sphere that rolls without slipping on a conical
surface having its axis in the direction of the constant gravitational field of
the Earth. This nonholonomic system admits a solution in terms of quadratures.
We exhibit that the only circular of the system orbit is stable and furthermore
show that all its solutions can be found using an analogy with central force
problems. We also discuss the case of motion with no gravitational field, that
is, of motion on a freely falling cone.Comment: 12 pages, 2 figures, to be published in Eur J Phy
Ianus: an Adpative FPGA Computer
Dedicated machines designed for specific computational algorithms can
outperform conventional computers by several orders of magnitude. In this note
we describe {\it Ianus}, a new generation FPGA based machine and its basic
features: hardware integration and wide reprogrammability. Our goal is to build
a machine that can fully exploit the performance potential of new generation
FPGA devices. We also plan a software platform which simplifies its
programming, in order to extend its intended range of application to a wide
class of interesting and computationally demanding problems. The decision to
develop a dedicated processor is a complex one, involving careful assessment of
its performance lead, during its expected lifetime, over traditional computers,
taking into account their performance increase, as predicted by Moore's law. We
discuss this point in detail
InterMiG: international differences in the therapeutic approach to migraine patients in specialized headache centers
Antidepressiu; Migranya; Tractament preventiuAntidepresivo; Migraña; Tratamiento preventivoAntidepressant; Migraine; Preventive treatmentBackground
There is currently a wide therapeutic arsenal for migraine patients, without a single first-line preventive drug and we choose the different available alternatives taking into account comorbidities, national guidelines, previous treatments and personal experiences.
Our objective was to evaluate the differences in the use of migraine treatments between neurologists from different countries.
Methods
This is a multi-centre observational study carried out by neurologists from specialized headache units in seven countries, retrospective with consecutive inclusion of all patients presenting with a migraine diagnosis, over a period of three months.
Results
A total of 734 patients were recruited but only 600 were considered in the analysis in order to homogenize the patient cohorts from countries: 200 Spain (ES), 100 Italy (IT), 85 Russia (RUS), 80 Germany (DE), 60 Portugal (PT), 45 Poland (PL) and 30 Australia (AU). 85.4 % of patients were women with a mean age of 42.6 ± 11.8 years. Considering previous and current preventive treatment, the order of use was: antidepressants (69.3 %), antiepileptic drugs (54.7 %), beta-blockers and antihypertensive drugs (49.7 %), OnabotulinumtoxinA (44.0 %) and others (36.2 %).
Statistically significant differences were found between all pharmacological classes: antidepressants were commonly used in all countries, with the exception of Poland (AU: 76.7 %, IT: 71.0 %, DE: 60.0 %, PL: 31.1 %, PT: 71.7 %, RUS: 70.6 %, ES: 78.5 %; p < 0.0001); antiepileptic drugs were more frequently prescribed in Portugal, Australia and Spain (AU: 73.3 %, IT: 40.0 %, DE: 37.5 %, PL: 48.9 %, PT: 85.0 %, RUS: 29.4 % and ES: 69.0 %; p < 0.0001); beta-blockers and antihypertensive drugs were frequently used in all countries except Italy (AU: 60.0 %, IT: 14.0 %, DE: 53.8 %, PL: 48.9 %, PT: 68.3 %, RUS: 49.4 % and ES: 59.0 %; p < 0.0001); BTX-A were predominately used in Spain, Italy and Australia (AU:56.7 %, IT:58.0 %, DE:20.0 %, PL: 42.2 %, PT: 26.7 %, RUS: 24.7 % and ES: 58.5 %; p < 0.0001) and others were most frequently used in Poland (AU: 0.0 %, IT: 19.0 %, DE: 42.5 %, PL: 95.6 %, PT: 31.7 %, RUS: 3.5 % and ES: 49.5 %; p < 0.0001). If only patients without comorbidities are considered (200/600), statistically differences between countries persist in all preventive treatments.
Conclusions
There is heterogeneity in the choice of preventive treatment between different countries. Prospective comparative studies of the different oral and subcutaneous alternatives would help to create a global therapeutic algorithm that would guarantee the best option for our patients.This work did not receive any funds
Surgical management of enchondroma with joint transfer: a case report
The enchondromas are the most common benign bone tumor in the hands, mainly in young patients and its treatment is surgical in most cases due to its possible complications avoided through different procedures such as joint transfer, which allows to maintain a good quality of life for the patient. We present the case of a 42-year-old woman who came to the clinic for blunt trauma in the right hand where she was incidentally diagnosed with enchondroma on the third finger of the proximal interphalangeal joint of the right hand. Articular transfer of the proximal interphalangeal joint was performed. Second toe on the right, at 6 weeks corroborates correct evolution with bone consolidation of the articular transfer grade III and donor zone grade II, without infection complications, the correct recovery of the extensor movement range of this joint improving so their state of life should be the main objective of these procedures
Evaluation of the LSA-SAF gross primary production product derived from SEVIRI/MSG data (MGPP)
The objective of this study is to describe a completely new 10-day gross primary production (GPP) product (MGPP LSA-411) based on data from the geostationary SEVIRI/MSG satellite within the LSA SAF (Land Surface Analysis SAF) as part of the SAF (Satellite Application Facility) network of EUMETSAT. The methodology relies on the Monteith approach. It considers that GPP is proportional to the absorbed photosynthetically active radiation APAR and the proportionality factor is known as the light use efficiency ε. A parameterization of this factor is proposed as the product of a εmax, corresponding to the canopy functioning under optimal conditions, and a coefficient quantifying the reduction of photosynthesis as a consequence of water stress. A three years data record (2015–2017) was used in an assessment against site-level eddy covariance (EC) tower GPP estimates and against other Earth Observation (EO) based GPP products. The site-level comparison indicated that the MGPP product performed better than the other EO based GPP products with 48% of the observations being below the optimal accuracy (absolute error < 1.0 g m−2 day−1) and 75% of these data being below the user requirement threshold (absolute error < 3.0 g m−2 day−1). The largest discrepancies between the MGPP product and the other GPP products were found for forests whereas small differences were observed for the other land cover types. The integration of this GPP product with the ensemble of LSA-SAF MSG products is conducive to meet user needs for a better understanding of ecosystem processes and for improved understanding of anthropogenic impact on ecosystem services.The objective of this study is to describe a completely new 10-day gross primary production (GPP) product (MGPP LSA-411) based on data from the geostationary SEVIRI/MSG satellite within the LSA SAF (Land Surface Analysis SAF) as part of the SAF (Satellite Application Facility) network of EUMETSAT. The methodology relies on the Monteith approach. It considers that GPP is proportional to the absorbed photosynthetically active radiation APAR and the proportionality factor is known as the light use efficiency epsilon. A parameterization of this factor is proposed as the product of a epsilon(max), corresponding to the canopy functioning under optimal conditions, and a coefficient quantifying the reduction of photosynthesis as a consequence of water stress. A three years data record (2015-2017) was used in an assessment against site-level eddy covariance (EC) tower GPP estimates and against other Earth Observation (EO) based GPP products. The site-level comparison indicated that the MGPP product performed better than the other EO based GPP products with 48% of the observations being below the optimal accuracy (absolute error <1.0 g m(-2) day(-1)) and 75% of these data being below the user requirement threshold (absolute error <3.0 g m(-2) day(-1)). The largest discrepancies between the MGPP product and the other GPP products were found for forests whereas small differences were observed for the other land cover types. The integration of this GPP product with the ensemble of LSA-SAF MSG products is conducive to meet user needs for a better understanding of ecosystem processes and for improved understanding of anthropogenic impact on ecosystem services.Peer reviewe
The U(1)-Higgs Model: Critical Behaviour in the Confinig-Higgs region
We study numerically the critical properties of the U(1)-Higgs lattice model,
with fixed Higgs modulus, in the region of small gauge coupling where the Higgs
and Confining phases merge. We find evidence of a first order transition line
that ends in a second order point. By means of a rotation in parameter space we
introduce thermodynamic magnitudes and critical exponents in close resemblance
with simple models that show analogous critical behaviour. The measured data
allow us to fit the critical exponents finding values in agreement with the
mean field prediction. The location of the critical point and the slope of the
first order line are accurately given.Comment: 21 text pages. 12 postscript figures available on reques
Antioxidants and Oxidative Stress in Children: Influence of Puberty and Metabolically Unhealthy Status
Oxidative stress could help explain the relationship between childhood obesity and a
metabolically unhealthy (MU) status. Moreover, puberty could also influence this relationship,
since it entails physiological cardiometabolic changes. We aimed to evaluate plasma antioxidants
and oxidative stress biomarkers in MU and metabolically healthy (MH) prepubertal and pubertal
children and their associations with pro-inflammatory and endothelial damage biomarkers, taking
puberty into account. A total of 1444 Spanish children aged 3–17 years (48.9% males, 66% prepubertal,
47.1% with obesity) were recruited. Blood pressure, anthropometric and biochemical parameters
were measured, and children were categorized as having a MU or MH status according to risk factors.
Retinol, carotenes, tocopherols, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), oxidized low-density lipoprotein
and selected pro-inflammatory and endothelial damage biomarkers were analyzed. General linear
models adjusted for age, sex, recruitment center and body mass index, partial correlations and
stepwise linear regressions were performed. Lower carotenes and tocopherols levels were found in
MU than in MH children. Plasma TAC was lower in prepubertal and higher in pubertal children with
obesity compared to normal-weight children. Antioxidants and oxidative stress biomarkers showed
novel associations with several pro-inflammatory and endothelial damage biomarkers, with pubertal
differences, supporting the importance of considering both the antioxidant and oxidative stress status
and puberty in the prevention of metabolic diseases in childhood.Plan Nacional de Investigacion Cientifica, Desarrollo e Innovacion Tecnologica (I + D + I), Instituto de Salud Carlos III-Health Research Funding (FONDOS FEDER)
PI051968
PI11/01425
PI1102042
PI11/02059
PI16/01301
PI16/012
PI1600871CIBEROBN Network
CB12/03/30038
CB15/00131
CB15/0004
Evaluation of the Predictive Ability, Environmental Regulation and Pharmacogenetics Utility of a BMI-Predisposing Genetic Risk Score during Childhood and Puberty
The authors would like to thank the Spanish children and parents who participated in
the study.Polygenetic risk scores (pGRSs) consisting of adult body mass index (BMI) genetic
variants have been widely associated with obesity in children populations. The implication of
such obesity pGRSs in the development of cardio-metabolic alterations during childhood as well
as their utility for the clinical prediction of pubertal obesity outcomes has been barely investigated
otherwise. In the present study, we evaluated the utility of an adult BMI predisposing pGRS for the
prediction and pharmacological management of obesity in Spanish children, further investigating
its implication in the appearance of cardio-metabolic alterations. For that purpose, we counted
on genetics data from three well-characterized children populations (composed of 574, 96 and 124
individuals), following both cross-sectional and longitudinal designs, expanding childhood and
puberty. As a result, we demonstrated that the pGRS is strongly associated with childhood BMI
Z-Score (B = 1.56, SE = 0.27 and p-value = 1.90 × 10−8
), and that could be used as a good predictor of
obesity longitudinal trajectories during puberty. On the other hand, we showed that the pGRS is not
associated with cardio-metabolic comorbidities in children and that certain environmental factors
interact with the genetic predisposition to the disease. Finally, according to the results derived from a
weight-reduction metformin intervention in children with obesity, we discarded the utility of the
pGRS as a pharmacogenetics marker of metformin response.Plan Nacional de Investigacion Cientifica, Desarrollo e Innovacion Tecnologica (I + D + I), Instituto de Salud Carlos III-Health Research Funding (FONDOS FEDER)
PI1102042
PI1102059
PI1601301
PI1600871Spanish Ministry of Health, Social and Equality, General Department for Pharmacy and Health Products
EC10-243
EC10-056
EC10-281
EC10-227Regional Government of Andalusia ("Plan Andaluz de investigacion, desarrollo e innovacion (2018)")
P18-RT-2248Mapfre Foundation ("Research grants by Ignacio H. de Larramendi 2017")Instituto de Salud Carlos III
IFI17/0004
Skin Cancer Prevalence in Outdoor Workers of Ski Resorts
Background. Snow reflectivity and altitude increase the exposure of ski resort workers to solar ultraviolet radiation. The aim was to assess the presence of skin cancer in ski resorts workers and compare it with other groups of outdoor workers reviewing published studies. Methods. An observational cross-sectional prospective study was conducted in the three largest ski resorts in Spain: Baqueira Beret, Lleida; Formigal, Huesca and Sierra Nevada, Granada. All outdoor workers including ski instructors were invited to participate in the study. The participants completed a validated questionnaire about sun exposure and underwent a skin examination. Results. 219 workers were included in the study (80% male; mean age 43.8 (SD 11.31) years). Actinic keratosis (AK) but no other skin cancers were detected in 32 participants (14.62%). Those with AK worked in the Southernmost ski resort, were more likely to have light colour hair, and were older and with higher photoaging grade than those without them. Conclusion. Compared to other studies, outdoor workers on ski resorts show a higher prevalence of AK than general population but a lower prevalence than other groups of outdoor workers. © 2020 Yolanda Gilaberte et al
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