Analysis of Feature Rankings for Classification

Different ways of contrast generated rankings by feature selection algorithms are presented in this paper, showing several possible interpretations, depending on the given approach to each study. We begin from the premise of no existence of only one ideal subset for all cases. The purpose of these kinds of algorithms is to reduce the data set to each first attributes without losing prediction against the original data set. In this paper we propose a method, feature–ranking performance, to compare different feature–ranking methods, based on the Area Under Feature Ranking Classification Performance Curve (AURC). Conclusions and trends taken from this paper propose support for the performance of learning tasks, where some ranking algorithms studied here operate

Perspectivas de Paraguay en relación al proceso de integración entre el MERCOSUR y el ALCA

Describir la posición del Paraguay frente al ALCA implica en primer lugar, determinar cuáles son los intereses nacionales, si existen éstos; si existe una política, en función de la integración por parte de Paraguay; si existe una política de integración en el ámbito del MERCOSUR definida al respecto.Instituto de Integración Latinoamericana (IIL

Perspectivas de Paraguay en relación al proceso de integración entre el MERCOSUR y el ALCA

Describir la posición del Paraguay frente al ALCA implica en primer lugar, determinar cuáles son los intereses nacionales, si existen éstos; si existe una política, en función de la integración por parte de Paraguay; si existe una política de integración en el ámbito del MERCOSUR definida al respecto.Instituto de Integración Latinoamericana (IIL

Facial asymmetry correction with surgical-orthodontic treatment. Case report

ABSTRACTA case report of a 19-year-old female patient who attended the Orthodontics Department, Faculty of Dentistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico without any apparent pathological data is hereby presented. Upon interrogation, the patient referred to have had a previous surgical replacement of the left ear lobe. Physical examination revealed a severe facial asymmetry with mandibular deviation to the left side, straight profile, upper lip retrusion and gibbous nose. Intraorally the patient showed crowding, non-coincident dental midlines, squared arches and class III molar and canine relationship with left crossbite. Radiographically all dental organs were present and mandibular asymmetry could be observed. Cephalometric analysis showed skeletal a class III due to maxillary retrusion, vertical growth pattern, left laterognathia, proclination of upper incisors and upper lip retrusion. Treatment consisted of three phases: 1 presurgical orthodontics with 0.018” slot Alexander appliances and an archwire sequence suitable to the problem that the patient presented. Subsequently, surgical phase 2 was initiated with a sagittal osteotomy for bilateral laterognathia correction. During phase 3, postsurgical orthodontics, the case was detailed, muscular patterns were corrected and the occlusion was settled. Treatment was completed in 36 months. The profile and facial harmony were improved, the positive smile was maintained and the crossbite corrected. Bilateral canine and molar class I was obtained, the dental midlines were centered and arch form was improved as were the overbite and overjet

The effects of native shrub, fencing, and acorn size on the emergence of contrasting co-occurring oak in Mediterranean grazed areas

Producción CientíficaResearch Highlights: The regeneration of Quercus species is usually very difficult in many oak woodlands transformed by livestock farming. Some studies have reported that shrubs can facilitate regeneration. However, the strength of interaction may vary depending on, among other factors, the shrub species and the stress tolerance of the oak species. Moreover, further studies are necessary to clarify the relative importance of the two facilitation mechanisms in the same community. Background and Objectives: Cytisus multiflorus (L’Her.) Sweet is a predominant shrub species in the Mediterranean grazed open-oak-woodlands found in the central west of the Iberian Peninsula (bioclimatic limit) and is present with Quercus pyrenaicaWilld and Quercus ilex subsp. ballota Samp trees. Thus, we assessed the effect of these native shrubs and acorn size, and the effect of excluding large herbivores, on the seedling emergence of two contrasting co-occurring Quercus species under a bioclimatic limit. Materials and Methods: A manipulative field experiment was carried out considering four treatments as a combination of shrubs (shrub/no-shrub) and fence (fenced/open) factors. A total of twenty plots, five replicates for each treatment were available. In each plot, 20 acorns were sown: 10 acorns (5 small and 5 large) for each Quercus species. Acorn emergence was recorded during the first four years following the sowing. Results: Seedling emergence took place mostly in the spring of the first year after sowing. The presence of shrub was the main significant factor and incremented the emergence of both Q. ilex and Q. pyrenaica. The effect of the fence depended on the Quercus species considered, improving only the emergence of Q. pyrenaica. A negative effect with the small acorns was detected but only for Q. pyrenaica. In all treatments, Q. ilex emerged more than Q. pyrenaica. Conclusions: C. multiflorus had a clear facilitative effect on the seedling emergence of Q. ilex and Q. pyrenaica, which was much greater than the physical effect that acorn size and excluding large herbivores had. As such, this native shrub may have a key role in oak regeneration in Mediterranean grazed areas. Furthermore, in these areas of contact between marcescent and sclerophyllous Quercus species, Q. ilex currently emerges more than Q. pyrenaica. This could be indicative of a shift towards more xeric climatic conditions, which could lead to a change in the dominant tree species in the future. However, this change could be modulated by the effects of native shrub and large herbivores.Junta de Castilla y León - (Project SA013G19)Universidad de Salamanca - (Programa de financiación de grupos de investigación (2014/00165/001)

Evaluación de diferentes técnicas para efectuar el diagnóstico precoz de gestación en bovinos productores de leche.

Se evaluaron tres métodos para efectuar el diagnóstico precoz: de gestación, con objeto de determinar cuál es el que menos pérdidas embrionarias produce. Las técnicas estudiadas fueron: Palpaciones de a) membranas fatales, b) vesícula amniótica y c) cotiledones y feto. El estudio fue realizado en 250 vacas de la raza Holstein, las cuales fueron distribuidas al azar en 3 grupos experimentales. En los dos primeros la exploración rectal se hizo entre los 30-39 y 40-49 días de no retorno al estro después del último servicio. En ambos lotes el criterio para diagnosticar gestación fue la palpación de las membranas fetales y la vesícula amniótica. En el tercer grupo el examen rectal se hizo entre los 60-69 días de no retorno al estro, determinándose la gestación mediante la palpación de los cotiledones y feto. No se encontró diferencia significativa (P>0.05), cuando se compararon individualmente y en conjunto las palpaciones de 30-39 y 40-49 días de membranas fetales y vesícula amniótica, respectivamente. Tampoco hubo diferencia significativa cuando se compararon los datos de las palpaciones de membranas de vesícula contra las palpaciones de cotiledones y feto

The Effects of Native Shrub, Fencing, and Acorn Size on the Emergence of Contrasting Co-Occurring Oak in Mediterranean Grazed Areas

[ENG]Research Highlights: The regeneration of Quercus species is usually very difficult in many oak woodlands transformed by livestock farming. Some studies have reported that shrubs can facilitate regeneration. However, the strength of interaction may vary depending on, among other factors, the shrub species and the stress tolerance of the oak species. Moreover, further studies are necessary to clarify the relative importance of the two facilitation mechanisms in the same community. Background and Objectives: Cytisus multiflorus (L’Her.) Sweet is a predominant shrub species in the Mediterranean grazed open-oak-woodlands found in the central west of the Iberian Peninsula (bioclimatic limit) and is present with Quercus pyrenaicaWilld and Quercus ilex subsp. ballota Samp trees. Thus, we assessed the effect of these native shrubs and acorn size, and the effect of excluding large herbivores, on the seedling emergence of two contrasting co-occurring Quercus species under a bioclimatic limit. Materials and Methods: A manipulative field experiment was carried out considering four treatments as a combination of shrubs (shrub/no-shrub) and fence (fenced/open) factors. A total of twenty plots, five replicates for each treatment were available. In each plot, 20 acorns were sown: 10 acorns (5 small and 5 large) for each Quercus species. Acorn emergence was recorded during the first four years following the sowing. Results: Seedling emergence took place mostly in the spring of the first year after sowing. The presence of shrub was the main significant factor and incremented the emergence of both Q. ilex and Q. pyrenaica. The effect of the fence depended on the Quercus species considered, improving only the emergence of Q. pyrenaica. A negative effect with the small acorns was detected but only for Q. pyrenaica. In all treatments, Q. ilex emerged more than Q. pyrenaica. Conclusions: C. multiflorus had a clear facilitative effect on the seedling emergence of Q. ilex and Q. pyrenaica, which was much greater than the physical effect that acorn size and excluding large herbivores had. As such, this native shrub may have a key role in oak regeneration in Mediterranean grazed areas. Furthermore, in these areas of contact between marcescent and sclerophyllous Quercus species, Q. ilex currently emerges more than Q. pyrenaica. This could be indicative of a shift towards more xeric climatic conditions, which could lead to a change in the dominant tree species in the future. However, this change could be modulated by the effects of native shrub and large herbivores

Territorialidad, economía de la ciudad y estructuración social: El Proyecto Yacyretá y los cambios en el espacio urbano de Posadas. 16H261

Hasta el momento se ha recogido información secundaria, se ha referenciado, tomado nota, escaneado y/o fotocopiado a fin de procesar en el siguiente periodo aunque se ha avanzado ya en ese sentido. Al ser información cualitativa su procesamiento es del mismo modo. La información recogida se procesa también con planos en formato GIS (Sistema de Información Geográfico con programa ARCGIS).La información geoprocesada y editada en planos temáticos se entregaran con el informe final. La información recogida y en principio procesada hace referencia al análisis de acciones y proyectos de inversión pública implementada y por implementarse en Posadas y áreas metropolitanas y al balance de pérdidas-reposiciones desde los aspectos económico-físico-territorial. Hasta el presente se han desarrollado los siguientes aspectos:Obras civiles Yayreta en Posadas y su influencia en el desarrollo de la ciudad; Encuesta realizada en la ciudad de Posadas sobre la visión de los ciudadanos respecto a los problemas de la ciudad y las responsabilidades institucionales; Información cualitativa recogida en lo que denominamos el primer cordón o conglomerado urbano, conformado por una heterogeneidad de barrios de NES medio y bajo. Las técnicas utilizadas en este punto fueron tres grupos focalizados; Se trata del procesamiento de una encuesta realizada en barrios de construcción pública en Posadas y Garupa, ambos conforman el gran conglomerado metropolitano de Posadas aunque se trate de dos municipios diferentes; Se analiza allí talleres realizados con población vulnerable de barrios de construcción pública; Se realiza un ensayo que permita una interpretación conceptual del problema abordado

Consistencia y fluctuación de los estados de ánimo en un equipo de fútbol profesional durante una competición de play off

The purpose of this paper is to describe a football team's mood processes during competitions through the administration of specific measures. A second division (level B) Spanish football team (Rayo Vallecano SAD, Madrid, Spain) was evaluated by means of the short Spanish version (15 items, Fuentes, García-Merita, Meliá and Balaguer, 1995) of the Profile of Mood State (POMS, MacNair, Lorr and Droppelmann, 1971), four times during the play-off phase (after the end of the regular season) to move on to a higher level during the 2006-07 Spanish Professional Soccer League season (level 2A). The results showed the absence of significant differences in the scores on the POMS' five scales (Depression, Vigour, Anger, Fatigue and Tension) recorded before the four play-off matches, meaning the existence of a consistency in the team's mood states during the whole phase of the play-off and the absence of significant fluctuations in mood mediumlasting processes. Despite that, the POMS' graphic averages displayed several patterns related to different scales. We suggest that the proposed method is useful in studying athletes' and teams' cognitive-emotional processes during specific types of ongoing competitions, as they ensure high ecological validity and provide information for more effective interventions tailor-made for teams

Análisis de la calidad del agua del Arroyo Langueyú, Tandil, Buenos Aires

Este trabajo tiene por objetivo el análisis de la calidad del agua del arroyo Langueyú para determinar el estado de situación y su relación con la gestión de los recursos hídricos superficiales a nivel local. Se tuvieron en cuenta antecedentes hidrológicos regionales. Se efectuaron recorridos siguiendo el cauce del arroyo desde la cuenca alta, al Sur de la ciudad de Tandil incluyendo sus tributarios Blanco y Del Fuerte, hasta la intersección con la Ruta Provincial Nº 30. Se seleccionaron 9 sitios en los que se realizaron muestreos de calidad de agua en el período 2009-2011. Se complementó el estudio con un ensayo ecotoxicológico referido al desarrollo y crecimiento de bulbos de cebolla y de peces. Además, se identificaron los usos del suelo lindantes al cauce y sus afectaciones. Se detectó que los efluentes de impacto en el recurso son en su mayoría las descargas provenientes de las plantas de tratamiento de aguas residuales de Obras Sanitarias de Tandil (OST) y de las industrias alimenticias. Los resultados revelan un aumento significativo de los parámetros físicoquímicos en agua a partir de la descarga de una de las plantas de OST. Se detectó la inhibición en el crecimiento de las raíces de las cebollas y una disminución en el porcentaje de sobrevivencia en peces en los puntos de descarga. Los resultados microbiológicos y la materia orgánica, medida a través de DBO5 y DQO, denotan el impacto de la descarga cloacal. Se propone a futuro el monitoreo y análisis detallado del agua del arroyo y de los distintos efluentes antrópicos.This work aims to analyze water quality of Langueyú stream, in order to determine its state and relationship with surface water management at local level. Regional previous studies were taken into account. Several itineraries were done along Langueyú stream channel, since the high part of the basin at the south, to the Provincial Route Nº 30 at the north. Two tributary streams were included, called Blanco and Del Fuerte. During the period 2009-2011, water quality sampling was executed in 9 selected places. An ecotoxicological test was done using onion bulbs and fish, in order to evaluate their development and growth. Besides, land uses near the stream and their impacts on water were identified. The main impact on surface water is caused by discharges from waste water treatment plants belonging to Obras Sanitarias Tandil (OST) and by food industries. Results show a significant increasing of physicochemical water parameters starting from one of the treatment plants. Growth inhibition in onions roots and decreasing in survival percentage of fish were detected in discharge points. Microbiological results together with DBO5 y DQO show the impact of waste water discharge. Detailed monitoring and analysis of Langueyú stream water and human discharges is recommended.Fil: Ruiz de Galarreta, Victor Alejandro. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Humanas. Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales. Centro de Investigacion y Estudios Ambientales; ArgentinaFil: Banda Noriega, Roxana Bettina. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Humanas. Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales. Centro de Investigacion y Estudios Ambientales; ArgentinaFil: Najle, Roberto. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Laboratorio de Biologia Celular y Ecotoxicologia; ArgentinaFil: Rodriguez, Corina Iris. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Humanas. Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales. Centro de Investigacion y Estudios Ambientales; ArgentinaFil: Barranquero, Rosario Soledad. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Humanas. Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales. Centro de Investigacion y Estudios Ambientales; ArgentinaFil: Díaz, Adriana Alejandra. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Humanas. Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales. Centro de Investigacion y Estudios Ambientales; ArgentinaFil: Miguel, Roberto Esteban. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Humanas. Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales. Centro de Investigacion y Estudios Ambientales; ArgentinaFil: Pereyra, Mariana Gisele. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires.Facultad de Ciencias Exactas; ArgentinaFil: Priano, Maria Eugenia. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Instituto de Fisica Arroyo Seco; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Tandil. Centro de Investigaciones en Física e Ingeniería del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires; Argentin