Blur identification in image processing

International audienceThe aim of this study is to achieve a blur identification task in still images. In fact, in photographic camera, the optical lenses may be set in a way to clearly distinct two areas in the image : the blurry one and the non blurry one. An automatic segmentation coupled to specific descriptors allow first to describe any region of the image. Then, a supervised learning processes permits to build a classifier able to decide for each unknown region the label “Blurry” or “Sharp”. We discuss here precisely the overall process, from the objective choice of the segmentation algorithm to the presentation of the different introduced descriptors. Finally, some results are presented validating such an approach

Automatic blur detection for meta-data extraction in content-based retrieval context

International audienceDuring the last few years, image by content retrieval is the aim of many studies. A lot of systems were introduced in order to achieve image indexation. One of the most common method is to compute a segmentation and to extract different parameters from regions. However, this segmentation step is based on low level knowledge, without taking into account simple perceptual aspects of images, like the blur. When a photographer decides to focus only on some objects in a scene, he certainly considers very differently these objects from the rest of the scene. It does not represent the same amount of information. The blurry regions may generally be considered as the context and not as the information container by image retrieval tools. Our idea is then to focus the comparison between images by restricting our study only on the non blurry regions, using then these meta data. Our aim is to introduce different features and a machine learning approach in order to reach blur identification in scene images

Prepositions as relators in Italian Prepositional Compounds

In this paper, we propose a morphosyntactic analysis of Prepositional Compounds in Italian. We argue that while prepositions are not meaningless, their content isn't too rich, either. We propose that they can be treated as general relators (along the lines of Manzini & Franco's (2016) treatment of locative and oblique prepositions) which can express different directions of inclusion between the nominal items which are part of the compound. The lexicalization patterns are coherent with the syncretism found in other aspects of the grammar (e.g. locative/oblique prepositions). At the same time, the specific lexicalizations of these prepositions are ultimately determined by the morphosyntactic context in which they are embedded, highlighting the key role played by the syntactic context in shaping a vocabulary entry. One advantage of our proposal lies in its minimality: the prepositions only encode general relators with varying directionalities; they are not burdened with semantic content. The relevant interpretations of Prepositional Compounds are ultimately derived by pragmatic enrichment at the C-I interface on the basis of the elementary content expressed by the preposition

étude comparative de méthodes de segmentation dans une approche orientée indexation.

National audienceCet article présente une étude objective et quantitative des méthodes de segmentation pour la recherche d'images par le contenu. Une méthode pyramidale de segmentation couleur par propagation d'étiquettes est introduite avec différentes possibilités d'initialisation des germes. Une nouvelle approche d'évaluation dans un contexte orienté indexation est proposée. Des descripteurs sont définis pour valider la performance de stabilité. Des résultats sur une banque d'images test conséquente sont présentés

About Segmentation Step in Content-based Image Retrieval Systems

International audienceDespite of the hope arised a few years ago, Content Based Image Retrieval - CBIR - systems has not reached the initial goal, ie to manage and search images in database: we are unable to link the semantic sens of an image to numerical values. However, some members of the community have begun the necessary introspection. The analyze of each step of the feature extraction will allow us to overcome actual problematics and to take the right path in the future. In this context, we propose in this paper to discuss about a low-level tool frequently used: the segmentation step. In the general context of scene images, we evaluate the stability of some classical algorithms using a basic protocol. The quite inefficiency of all approaches let us conclude to the necessity to use meta-data and any other collected informations during this first segmentation step

Aulas sin violencia, Universidades sin violencia: la experiencia del Programa contra la Violencia de Género de la Universidad Nacional de San Martín

En el presente artículo nos proponemos describir el trabajo desarrollado en el Programa contra la Violencia de Género (PcVG) de la Universidad Nacional de San Martín (UNSAM) para reflexionar sobre el abordaje de la problemática de la violencia de género en el nivel de educación superior. Para ello, nos ocupamos de analizar los siguientes ejes, en primer lugar, la problematización sobre cuál/es marco/s conceptual/es de la Violencia de Género son utilizados en las Universidades para la asistencia e intervención; así como de las respuestas institucionales que se gestionan e implementan frente a manifestaciones de la violencia de género en el ámbito universitario. En segundo lugar, las acciones del PcVG, contemplan la investigación en torno a las violencias y las modalidades de intervención; la Consejería Integral en Salud Sexual y Reproductiva y Atención de las Violencias; y el trabajo en conjunto en la Red interuniversitaria por la igualdad de Género y contra las violencias; líneas clave en el reconocimiento de la universidad como un espacio en el cual se ejercen discriminaciones y formas de violencias basadas en el género, así como en el que puede construirse conocimiento y prácticas en torno a la autonomía de los cuerpos.In the present article we intend to describe the work developed in the Program against Gender Violence (PcVG) of the National University of San Martín to reflect on the approach to the problem of gender violence at the level of higher education. To do this, we analyze the following axes, firstly, the problematization of which conceptual framework (s) of Gender Violence are used in Universities for assistance and intervention; As well as the institutional responses that are managed and implemented in the face of manifestations of gender-based violence in universities. Secondly, the actions of the Program against Gender Violence of the National University of San Martín (UNSAM), contemplate research on violence and intervention modalities; The Comprehensive Counseling in Sexual and Reproductive Health and Care of Violence; And working together in the Inter-University Network for Gender Equality and Violence; Key lines in the recognition of the university as a space in which discriminations and forms of violence based on gender are exercised, as well as in which knowledge and practices can be built around the autonomy of bodies.Fil: Vazquez Laba, Vanesa Paula. Universidad Nacional de San Martín. Instituto de Altos Estudios Sociales; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Rugna, Cecilia María. Universidad Nacional de San Martín. Instituto de Altos Estudios Sociales; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

Osservazioni sulla sintassi dell’Edda Poetica

Nella lingua norrena vi è una distinzione nella collocazione del verbo finito tra la prosa, che ammette esclusivamente ordini V1 e V2, e la poesia, in cui sono attestati anche ordini V3 e V-late. Lo scopo del presente articolo consiste nel tentativo di esaminare tale distinzione, e in particolar modo sotto un quadro di riferimento teorico generativo. Se le analisi della sintassi del norreno in prosa individuano in C/I1 la posizione strutturale del verbo finito, uniformemente a testa iniziale, più complesso è il discorso per il norreno in poesia, in cui sembrerebbe necessario ipotizzare una struttura con IP a testa variabile per derivare gli ordini V3 e V-late. Applicare una tale analisi, tuttavia, genera delle ambiguità strutturali in alcuni casi, e dei problemi di carattere teorico in altri. Recentemente è stata però proposta un’analisi, sviluppata per altre lingue germaniche antiche, che oltre a risolvere i suddetti problemi offre un’interpretazione della funzione pragmatica degli ordini V3: quella di tematizzare elementi noti agli interlocutori

Políticas feministas: del cintureo a los “problemas de camiseta”

This article from a research master's thesis entitled "THE BOARD COMPOSITION presented. The feminist movement and participation on the agenda of gender equality in the City of Santa Fe (2007-2013)". One aim of the meeting was to analyze the positions and power relations of the feminist movement against gender equality agenda of the Civic and Social Progressive Front influences how the double militancy (feminist and party). The case study method was relevant to relieve local features, the naturalist analysis was key to account for the density and intensity of feminist military in a specific and limited context of a city (and province) governed by the Progressive Front Civic and Social (which the Socialist Party has its referent, party tradition whose claim was linked to the demands of feminists and sexual diversity) and in a national policy framework and socially very polarized (in positions kirchnerismo/antikirchnerismo). While activists recognize the high incidence of "problem-Shirt" within the feminist movement, that is, the presence of party life in feminist struggles, a complex plot that goes from the recognition of the patriarchal character is also looms party politics to the deployment of a number of feminist politics made within the same (cintureo).En este artículo se presentan hallazgos de una investigación de tesis de maestría denominada “LA CONFORMACIÓN DEL TABLERO. El movimiento feminista y la participación en la agenda de igualdad de género en la Ciudad de Santa Fe (2007-2013)”. Uno de los objetivos de la misma era analizar en los posicionamientos y relaciones de fuerza del movimiento feminista frente a la agenda de igualdad de género del Frente Progresista Cívico y Social cómo influye la doble militancia (la feminista y la partidaria). El método de estudio de caso fue pertinente para relevar los rasgos locales, el análisis naturalista fue clave para dar cuenta de la densidad e intensidad del militar feminista en un contexto específico y delimitado, de una ciudad (y una provincia) gobernada por el Frente Progresista Cívico y Social (que tiene en el Partido Socialista su máximo referente, partido cuya tradición se vinculó a la reivindicación de demandas feministas y de la diversidad sexual) y en un marco nacional política y socialmente muy polarizado (en posturas de kirchnerismo/antikirchnerismo). Si bien las activistas reconocen la fuerte incidencia de “el problema de la camiseta” al interior del movimiento feminista, esto es, la presencia de la vida partidaria en las luchas feministas, también se vislumbra una compleja trama que va desde el reconocimiento del carácter patriarcal de la política partidaria hasta el despliegue de una serie de políticas feministas realizadas al interior de la misma (cintureo)

Algorithmic Seismic predictions of overpressure in AVA in fluid line

The subject of detection of abnormally high pressured zones from seismic has received a great deal of attention in exploration and production geophysics because of increasing activities in frontier areas or offshore and a need to lower cost without compromising safety and environment, and managing risk and uncertainty associated with very expensive drilling. An estimation of pore pressure can be obtained from seismic velocity as well as from well logs. Pore pressure is one of the most important parameters for drilling plan and for geomechanical and geological analyses. If the pore pressure is higher than the hydrostatic pressure (normal pore pressure), it is abnormal pore pressure. When pore pressure exceeds the normal pressure, it is overpressure. In the present study, amplitude variation with angle (AVA), will be evaluated. AVA analysis can provide important information about reservoir rocks such as lithology, porosity, and pore fluids that can be used to reduce hydrocarbon exploration risk. Seismic amplitudes reflecting from an interface change when the angle increases between the source and receveir points at the surface. AVA analysis is normally carried out in a deterministic way to predict lithology and fluids from seismic data. Amplitude variation with angles (AVA) interpretations may be facilitated by crossplotting the AVA Intercept (A) and Gradient (B). In the present study an algorithm has been developed, with the goal to discover wheter it was possible to predict overpressure phenomenons from the seismic data. It considers and compares an AVA Analytical and Experimental response. In the AVA Experimental response, well logs of the seismic velocities and density have been exploited to derive the synthetic seismograms (CMP) using the convolutional method, and the Intercept and Gradient values extracted from synthetic seismograms. In the AVA analytical response well logs of the seismic velocities have been used, and the Intercept and Gradient values extracted from the velocities (Vp, Vs) and density well logs. The strategy followed to tackle the problem has been Shuey’s approximation. Shuey’s approximation was used for AVA crossplot analysis. The primary attributes extracted for AVA analysis are Intercept (A) and the Gradient (B), which are obtained from velocity corrected CMP records. This Gradient (“slope”) AVA attribute is calculated from a least square regression analysis of the amplitudes for angles from 0-30 degrees, using an X-axis of sine squared theta (where theta is the incidence angle), and the Intercept is zero-offset amplitude determined (using an Y-axis the amplitude) by extrapolating the AVA Gradient. This yields two AVA attributes, basically the Slope and Intercept of a straight line, which describes, in simpler terms how the amplitude behaves with angle of incidence. Each point in the AVA crossplot is mapped using the amplitude of Intercept (A) and Gradient (B) in a time window. The extraction provides band-limited information on which attempt to discover anomalies caused by overpressure phenomens. AVA crossplotting can play a significant role in minimizing the risk associated with an exploration play. The stability of the Background Trend (Vp/Vs) can have an impact on what is being interpretated as anomalous, be it fluid or lithology induced outliers. The third and fourth chapters deal with the direct problem. We shall start with an initial model in which the Vp/Vs ratio is known, after which I shall apply Shuey’s approximation, and through the methodology of least squares and the “ Singular Value Decomposition” method, I obtain two values of Vp/Vs to predict two empirical equations, Costant Density and Gardner Density. Several examples were evaluated. The first example, it started from a Vp/Vs model that varied linearly. The second example added a bit of random noise to the initial model (Vp/Vs). The third example is considered to show the correct relationship of Vp/Vs. The fourth example considered a ratio Vp/Vs that varied linearly from 4 to 2 and then returned again to a ratio of Vp/Vs = 4, with the addition of random noise. As previously explained, it is considered an AVA Analytical and Experimental response. Using an Analytical AVA response, the Vp/Vs ratio that was predicted was very close to the Vp/Vs ratio of the initial model. Using an Experimental AVA response, the predicted Vp/Vs ratio deflected from the Vp/Vs ratio of the initial model, especially when we consider the Gardner Density equation. This present study, attempts to define a low resolution profile of Vp/Vs ratio and not its local variations of high frequency. It was necessary to study many strategies which make the method robust and reliable. The present study is partitioned in four chapters. The first chapter attempts to analyze the problems of overpressure from the theoretical and practical points of view. The second chapter focuses on the use of AVA seismic attributes, and how that seismic attribute can provide information about possible presence of overpressure from seismic data. The third and fourth chapters illustrate the algorithm developed in Matlab and provide information about the possible presence of overpressure

Creencias religiosas y prácticas médicas frente al cuerpo de las mujeres indígenas del norte argentino

En este artículo se plantea la relación entre creencias religiosas/ancestrales, prácticas médicas y cuerpos de las mujeres indígenas. Focalizamos, por un lado, sobre cómo influyen las creencias religiosas a través de la práctica médica de los profesionales de la salud, sobre la sexualidad y cuerpos de las mujeres de diferentes comunidades indígenas; por otro lado, cómo también los saberes ancestrales de las comunidades étnicas atraviesan las decisiones sobre cuidado de la salud, reproducción y sexualidad de las mujeres. El trabajo evidencia resultados de una investigación denominada Accesibilidad de mujeres subalternas al servicio de salud sexual y reproductiva en las provincias del norte argentino (2011-2012) y continuada en 2013. En las provincias de Salta, Misiones, Chaco y Formosa donde se llevaron a cabo entrevistas en profundidad y observaciones participantes con mujeres qom, guaraníes, wichis y efectores de salud de Centros de Atención Primaria a la Salud y Hospitales.In this article the relationship between religious/ancestral beliefs, medical practices and bodies of indigenous women. We focus, first, on how religious beliefs influence over the medical practice of health professionals about sexuality and bodies of women of different indigenous communities; secondly, how also the ancestral knowledge of ethnic communities pass decisions on health care, reproduction and sexuality of women. The evidence results of research work carried out during 2012-2013 in the provinces of Salta, Misiones, Chaco and Formosa which were conducted in-depth interviews and participant observation with women qom, guarani, wichis and effectors health of The Primary Care Centers Health and Hospitals.Fil: Vazquez Laba, Vanesa Paula. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de San Martín. Instituto de Altos Estudios Sociales; ArgentinaFil: Rugna, Cecilia María. Universidad Nacional de San Martín. Instituto de Altos Estudios Sociales; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Perazzolo, Romina. Universidad Nacional de San Martín; Argentin