Manejo quirúrgico de la coledocolitiasis en el centro médico ISSEMYM Ecatepec en el periodo de un año

La coledocolitiasis es un problema común en nuestro medio hospitalario, donde la conducta quirúrgica que se ha llevado es el uso de la colangiopancreatografia retrograda endoscópica, así como la exploración de las vías biliares en cirugía abierta con la colocación de sonda en T, sin embargo, hemos iniciado el uso de la cirugía laparoscópica realizando exploración de vías biliares laparoscópica y el uso de coledocoscopia laparoscópica. Por lo anterior nos planteamos la siguiente pregunta de investigación: ¿la cirugía laparoscópica con coledocoscopia y exploración de vias biliares es mejor que el uso de la CPRE y la cirugía abierta convencional con exploración de vías biliares para el tratamiento de la coledocolitiasis en el Centro Medico ISSEMyM Ecatepec

Co-digestion of two-phase olive-mill waste and cattle manure: Influence of solids content on process performance

The solids content is a key parameter in the development of anaerobic digestion as it can determine the proper operation and performance of the process. The influence of the total solids content on the mesophilic anaerobic co-digestion of two-phase olive-mill waste (2POMW) and cattle manure (CM) was investigated. Four different total solids (TS) concentrations, in a 75:25 mixture of 2POMW:CM, were studied in batch reactors of 2 L capacity: 10%TS (R10), 15%TS (R15), 20%TS (R20) and 28.6%TS (Reactor non-diluted). The methane yields and the organic matter removal efficiency for the reactor with 10 and 15% TS were significantly higher than in the reactors with a higher solids content (R20 and Rnd). The hydrolytic and acidogenic phases were not adversely affected by the total solid content since the concentration of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) increased as TS per- centage increased. However, a clear effect on the methanogenic phase was observed, which led to the accu- mulation of VFAs in the reactors R15, R20 and Rnd. Experimental results have shown that the best conditions correspond to the reactor containing 10% TS. The volatile solids and VFA removal in reactor R10 were 57.5% and 93.7% respectively. Moreover, the methane yield and the specific methane production were 35.80 LCH4/ kgVSadded and 82.51 LCH4/kgVSremoved respectivelyThis research has been co-financed by the 2014-2020 ERDF Operational Programme and by the Department of Economic Transformation, Industry, Knowledge and University of the Regional Government of Andalusia. Project reference: FEDER-UCA18-107460

Start-up of the mesophilic anaerobic co-digestion of two-phase olive-mill waste and cattle manure using volatile fatty acids as process control parameter

In this work, the start-up and stabilization stages of mesophilic anaerobic co-digestion of 2POMW and CM in a semi-continuously fed stirred tank reactor (SSTR) were analyzed. Volatile fatty acids (VFAs) were monitored and used as the main control parameter for the start-up and stabilization stages, as well as to evaluate the potential inhibition episodes. The results showed that accumulation of propionic acid was the key factor in the inhibition of the methanogenic phase, leading to process imbalance. To avoid the problems associated with inhibition by high VFA concentrations, several reinoculations were performed using a suitable inoculum adapted to VFA degradation. The start-up phase was carried out in batch conditions for 97 days, reaching a final concentration of propionic acid of 12.77 mg/L. From that moment, the reactor was fed in a semi-continuous mode with a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 40 days. A total period of 140 days was required to achieve a stable performance of the reactor with a methane productivity of 0.34 LCH4/LRd

Mesophilic anaerobic co-digestion of two-phase olive-mill waste and cattle manure: Optimization of semi-continuous process

Anaerobic co-digestion of organic wastes is an effective technology for the management of two or more substrates with different characteristics. In this context, the main objective of this work was the optimization of biogas production for the treatment of a mixture of two-phase olive-mill waste (2POMW) and cattle manure (CM) (60:40 w/w) at mesophilic temperature range (35 degrees C). The effect of hydraulic retention time (HRT) on the performance and stability of the digestion process was studied. A decreasing series of HRTs in the range of 40-12 days was analyzed. The corresponding organic loading rates (OLR) were in the range 2.01-6.07 gVS/L(R)middotd. Pseudo steady-state operation of the reactor was established for HRTs between 40 and 15 days. For 15-days HRT, the maximum values of methane productivity (0.94 LCH4/L(R)middotd) and specific methane yield (0.52 LCH4/gVS(removed)) were obtained while total acidity (measured as acetic acid) in the effluent were < 150 mg/L, verifying process stability. In addition, the removal efficiencies of volatile solids (VS) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) were 38 and 67 %, respectively. At 12-days HRT, decreases in methane production and organic matter removal efficiencies were observed, with values of 27 and 47 % for VS and DOC removal, respectively. Therefore, 12-days HRT was considered as inadequate for the anaerobic co-digestion of 2POMW and CM because a clear increase in volatile fatty acids was observed at the end of this period, leading to process destabilization and a decrease in biogas production

Efficient computation of the geopotential gradient in graphic processing units

[EN]Efficient computation of the geopotential gradient is essential for numerical propagators, particularly in scenarios involving low Earth orbits. Conventional geopotential calculations are based on spherical harmonics series, which become computationally demanding as the degree/order increases. This computational burden can be mitigated by means of parallelized algorithms. Additionally, certain situations lend themselves to high parallelization, such as the propagation of space debris catalogs, satellite mega-constellations, or the dispersion of particles resulting from a space collision event. This paper introduces an optimized Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) implementation designed to facilitate extensive parallelization in the geopotential gradient calculation. The formulation developed in this study is not specific to any GPU. However, to illustrate the low-level optimizations necessary for an efficient implementation, we selected the Compute Unified Device Architecture (CUDA) as the dominant and de facto standard in parallel computing. Nevertheless, most of the concepts and optimizations presented in this paper are also valid for other GPU architectures. Built upon the spherical harmonic expansion using the Cunningham formulation, which is well-suited for GPU computations, our implementation offers several variants with different tradeoffs between speed and accuracy. Besides GPU double precision, we introduced a mixed precision arithmetic –a hybrid between single and double precision– that exploits GPU capabilities with a low penalty in accuracy. The proposed algorithm was implemented as a software reusable module, and its performance was evaluated against GMAT, GODOT, and Orekit astrodynamic codes. The algorithm’s accuracy in double precision is comparable to such codes. The mixed precision version showed enough accuracy for LEO satellite propagation, with around 1 m difference in four days. Testing across different CUDA architectures revealed very high speed-up factors compared to a single CPU, reaching a speed-up of 645 for the mixed precision variant and 450 for the double precision one in the propagation of about 3200 objects with a geopotential of degree/order 126 × 126 using an A100 GPU device.SIPublicación en abierto financiada por el Consorcio de Bibliotecas Universitarias de Castilla y León (BUCLE), con cargo al Programa Operativo 2014ES16RFOP009 FEDER 2014-2020 DE CASTILLA Y LEÓN, Actuación:20007-CL - Apoyo Consorcio BUCL

Path Planner for Autonomous Exploration of Underground Mines by Aerial Vehicles

[EN] This paper presents a path planner solution that makes it possible to autonomously explore underground mines with aerial robots (typically multicopters). In these environments the operations may be limited by many factors like the lack of external navigation signals, the narrow passages and the absence of radio communications. The designed path planner is defined as a simple and highly computationally efficient algorithm that, only relying on a laser imaging detection and ranging (LIDAR) sensor with Simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) capability, permits the exploration of a set of single-level mining tunnels. It performs dynamic planning based on exploration vectors, a novel variant of the open sector method with reinforced filtering. The algorithm incorporates global awareness and obstacle avoidance modules. The first one prevents the possibility of getting trapped in a loop, whereas the second one facilitates the navigation along narrow tunnels. The performance of the proposed solution has been tested in different study cases with a Hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) simulator developed for this purpose. In all situations the path planner logic performed as expected and the used routing was optimal. Furthermore, the path efficiency, measured in terms of traveled distance and used time, was high when compared with an ideal reference case. The result is a very fast, real-time, and static memory capable algorithm, which implemented on the proposed architecture presents a feasible solution for the autonomous exploration of underground mines.SIThis work has been possible thanks to the support of TELICE COMET to the Aerospace Research Group of the Universidad de León through different research contracts

Elaboración de un publirreportaje para difundir los valores culturales de la imagen del señor del árbol de la provincia de Cotopaxi, cantón Saquisilí sector Cuicuno en el año 2016

Through the development of the Advertorial we could gather information about the cultural values of the image of the “Señor del Arbol”, Cuicuno, Parish of Saquisilí of Cotopaxi Province, in 2016, raising awareness in the community and its surroundings the importance that the image has in the pilgrims, to be a clear dissemination relating to the values that the image has from its ancestors, it was necessary to implement the field research, which facilitated the collection of information concerning the legends of the image, they were taken from two books, one of them is in the possession of Mrs. Zarzosa and the other is with Mr. Juan Maria Defaz, residents of Cuicuno therefore they have not been widespread among tourists who visit the sanctuary. Various field research tools were used to collect actual data that exist in the area; interviews and surveys provided information to develop the Advertorial of the image of the “Señor del Arbol”of Cuicuno with potential characteristics of people who practice cultural values, whereby the following results were obtained, 40% of residents and tourists know the image, but they are unaware of its legends regarding the appearance of it, for that reason they accepted the proposal that was made with the contributions from residents and tourists who come to Cuicuno.A través de la elaboración del Publirreportaje se pudo recopilar información sobre los valores culturales de la imagen del Señor del Árbol, Cuicuno, Parroquia Saquisilí de la Provincia de Cotopaxi, en el año 2016, dando a conocer a la comunidad y sus alrededores la importancia que tiene la imagen en los peregrinos, al existir una difusión clara referente a los valores que tiene la imagen desde sus antepasados, fue necesario poner en práctica la investigación de campo, que facilitó la recopilación de la información referente a las leyendas de la imagen, la misma que fue tomada de dos libros, uno de ellos se encuentra en poder de la señora Zarzosa y el otro con el señor Juan María Defáz, moradores de Cuicuno, por tanto no se han difundido entre los turistas que visitan el santuario.- Se utilizaron diversos herramientas de investigación de campo para recabar datos reales que existen en la zona; entrevistas y encuetas obtenidas proporcionaron información para desarrollar Publirreportaje de la imagen del Señor del Árbol de Cuicuno con características potenciales de personas que ponen en práctica valores culturales, con lo cual se obtuvo los siguiente resultados, el 40% de moradores y turistas conocen la imagen, pero tienen desconocimiento de sus leyendas con respecto a la aparición de la misma, por tal motivo aceptaron la propuesta planteada que se realizó con los aportes recaudados de los habitantes y turistas que acuden a Cuicuno

Optimización de la mezcla y homogenización de purines de ganado vacuno (Bos primigenius Taurus), equino (Equus ferus caballus) y porcino (Sus scrofa domestica), para la obtención de abonos orgánicos

A nivel mundial el aumento poblacional ha incrementado también la producción agrícola y ganadera, y esto a su vez una emisión de subproductos como los purines, trayendo consigo contaminación ambiental en ciertos sectores de la cadena agroalimentaria; por otro lado es bien sabido que el hombre ha utilizado desde hace mucho tiempo, los purines de los animales de las actividades agropecuarias para la elaboración de abonos orgánicos, como fuente de fertilización natural de los cultivos. Sin embargo con la preparación de ciertos abonos orgánicos no se ha podido conseguir niveles estándares de macro y micronutrientes debido a las diferentes características de los purines provenientes de los ganados, por ello la presente investigación tiene como objetivo optimizar la mezcla y homogenización de purines de ganado vacuno (Bos primigenius Taurus), equino (Equus ferus caballus) y porcino (Sus scrofa domestica), para la obtención de abonos orgánicos. Se realizaron pruebas experimentales para la elaboración de un abono orgánico, de origen equino, porcino y vacuno, utilizando el software Design Expert 7. Obteniéndose 13 corridas experimentales, con 3 réplicas cada una; usándose una metodología con un tipo de estudio de mezclas y un modelo de diseño cúbico, con el cual se pudo determinar los valor de pH, en un rango de 7.65 a 8.85, estableciéndose un pH óptimo de 8.24, una Conductividad eléctrica (Cec), en un rango de 4.96 a 19.2 mmhos/cm, con un óptimo de 12 mmhos/cm, Materia Orgánica (MO), en un rango de 44.83 a 60.2 %, con un óptimo de 58.56 %. Nitrógeno Orgánico (N), en un rango de 1.46 y 1.75 %, con un óptimo de 1.676 %. Fósforo total (P2O), en un rango de 0.4 a 4.28%, con un óptimo de 1.676 %. Potasio total (K2O), en un rango de 0.2 a 1.68 %, con un óptimo de 1.50 %, Calcio (CaO), en un rango de 0.86 a 1.86 %, con un óptimo de 1.312 %. Con estos resultados se concluyó que la mezcla óptima fue de 42.727 % y 57.273% para porcino y vacuno respectivamente, sin la presencia del abono equino.Tesi

Estimación monocular y eficiente de la pose usando modelos 3D complejos

Trabajo presentado a las XXXV Jornadas de Automática celebradas en Valencia del 3 al 5 de septiembre de 2014.-- Premio Infaimon a mejor artículo de visión.El siguiente documento presenta un método robusto y eficiente para estimar la pose de una cámara. El método propuesto asume el conocimiento previo de un modelo 3D del entorno, y compara una nueva imagen de entrada únicamente con un conjunto pequeño de imágenes similares seleccionadas previamente por un algoritmo de >Bag of Visual Words>. De esta forma se evita el alto coste computacional de calcular la correspondencia de los puntos 2D de la imagen de entrada contra todos los puntos 3D de un modelo complejo, que en nuestro caso contiene más de 100,000 puntos. La estimación de la pose se lleva a cabo a partir de estas correspondencias 2D-3D utilizando un novedoso algoritmo de PnP que realiza la eliminación de valores atípicos (outliers) sin necesidad de utilizar RANSAC, y que es entre 10 y 100 veces más rápido que los métodos que lo utilizan.Este trabajo ha estado financiado en parte por los proyectos RobTaskCoop DPI2010-17112, ERA-Net Chistera ViSen PCIN-2013-047, y por el proyecto EU ARCAS FP7-ICT-2011-287617.Peer Reviewe

A Semantic Framework to Debug Parallel Lazy Functional Languages

It is not easy to debug lazy functional programs. The reason is that laziness and higherorder complicates basic debugging strategies. Although there exist several debuggers for sequential lazy languages, dealing with parallel languages is much harder. In this case, it is important to implement debugging platforms for parallel extensions, but it is also important to provide theoretical foundations to simplify the task of understanding the debugging process. In this work, we deal with the debugging process in two parallel languages that extend the lazy language Haskell. In particular, we provide an operational semantics that allows us to reason about our parallel extension of the sequential debugger Hood. In addition, we show how we can use it to analyze the amount of speculative work done by the processes, so that it can be used to optimize their use of resources