Evaluación de arginina sérica en pacientes con lupus eritematoso sistémico

Desde que fue descrito por primera vez en 1895 el lupus eritematoso sistémico (LES), han pasado más de 100 años y poco se ha avanzado en el descubrimiento de los mecanismos bioquímicos de esta enfermedad. Aproximadamente 50 a˜nos después en 1941, se describió como una enfermedad de la colágena vascular. Posteriormente se han realizado estudios de tipo inmunológico pero no han llegado a descifrar el mecanismo de formación de los anticuerpos que aparecen durante la enfermedad. Al LES todavía se le define como una enfermedad inflamatoria de tipo autoinmune y etiología desconocida probablemente multifactorial.Hacer un diagnóstico clínico de lupus eritematoso hasta la fecha es difícil efectuarlo y cuando este se hace, la enfermedad se encuentra en estado avanzado; por esta razón se han buscado en la sangre de los pacientes otros componentes diferentes a los anticuerpos antinucleares para hacer un diagnóstico temprano. En este trabajo se evaluaron los niveles de arginina sérica en sujetos clínicamente sanos y en pacientes con lupus eritematoso sistémico (LES). Los resultados obtenidos fueron de 4 a 17mg/dl en sujetos sanos y de 0.0 a 11 mg/dl en pacientes con LES. El 77% de los pacientes con LES presentaron valores bajos de arginina. Los pacientes con valores de arginina menores de 6 mg/dl también presentaron títulos elevados de anticuerpos antinucleares. Con los resultados obtenidos se da un avance más en el conocimiento del LES y pensamos que la evaluación de los niveles de arginina sérica pueden ser útiles como apoyo al diagnóstico integral de la enfermedad

Programa sensibilización ambiental y hábitos de reciclaje en niños de 5 años de una institución educativa pública, San Rafael - 2022

Se ha percibido que los niños de cinco años de la Institución Educativa Pública San Rafael, carecen de hábitos de reciclaje, lo cual demuestra su carencia de sensibilidad y cultura ambiental, contribuyendo con ello al incremento de la contaminación ambiental. Es a partir de allí que surge la presente investigación, planteándose como objetivo general: establecer la influencia de un programa de sensibilización en el desarrollo de los hábitos de reciclaje en niños de 5 años de una Institución Educativa Pública, San Rafael 2022. La investigación fue de tipo aplicada y se desarrolla con el enfoque cuantitativo, bajo un diseño pre experimental. Consideró una muestra de 19 niños de 5 años. Dentro de sus resultados principales se encuentra que, en el momento Pre test, el 100% de los niños se encuentra en el nivel de “inicio” en hábitos de reciclaje; en tanto que, en el momento Post test, el 100% de estos mismos niños, alcanzó el nivel “logrado” de hábitos de reciclaje, llegándose a la conclusión que existe una influencia significativa del programa de sensibilización ambiental en el desarrollo del hábito de reciclaje en los niños de 5 años de la Institución Educativa Pública, San Rafael 2022

Use of negative pressure therapy in the management of complex wounds initial experience of 4 years

Background: Wound management with negative pressure therapy has been used in the treatment of complex wounds in both inpatient and outpatient settings, and is increasingly used in primary care and outpatient management, as it helps to reduce patient days of hospital stay. We describe the initial 4-year experience in the use of negative pressure therapy in the management of complex wounds.Methods: A retrospective, cross-sectional and descriptive study of our experience of the use of negative pressure therapy for the management of complex wounds in 5 years.Results: A total of 89 patients with complex wounds managed with TPN were analysed, of which 53 were men (62.9%) and 33 were women (37.1%). Suprafacial therapy was used in 64 cases (73%). The ABTHERA® system was used in 25 cases (27%). Among the etiology of complex wounds, vulvar abscess was recorded in 1 case (1.1%), firearm wound in 1 case (1.1%), Fournier's gangrene in 1 case (1.1%), septic arthritis in 1 case (1.1%), burn wounds in 1 case (1.1%), septic arthritis in 1 case (1.1%), and burn wounds in 1 case (1.1%). 1%), burn wounds in 5 cases (5.6%), pressure ulcer wound in 6 cases (6.7%), necrotizing fasciitis in 19 cases (21.3%), abdominal sepsis in 26 cases (29.2%), surgical wound infection in 29 cases (32.5%).Conclusions: The use of negative pressure therapy and protocolized management has provided patients in our institution with a viable therapeutic option

Estudio reforma del rol del Consumidor Final en los impuestos al Valor Agregado y Ganancias, cambios en la emisión y registración de comprobantes

El consumidor final es el sujeto incidido por el Impuesto al Valor Agregado (IVA), el contribuyente de hecho del gravamen, quien al consumir destina parte de su renta para el pago del impuesto, constituyendo para éste un gasto. Si a los consumidores finales se les discrimina este impuesto en los comprobantes y se los identifica con su Clave de Identificación Tributaria (CUIT), se propone que puedan computar el IVA facturado como gasto deducible en el Impuesto a las Ganancias. Esto facilitaría la eficacia recaudatoria para el Fisco en la última etapa del proceso productivo-distributivo donde el I.V.A. es altamente evadible, al generar un control por oposición entre vendedores y consumidores finales. La propuesta es eliminarla categoría de Monotributo impositivo y que todos sean responsables inscriptos en el IVA. Respecto al Impuesto a las Ganancias, al ser todos responsables inscriptos en IVA, todos deben estar inscriptos en Ganancias

Modelo estándar de control interno en el sector público en Colombia: una revisión general a sus elementos constitutivos

The Standard Model of Internal Control (MECI), provides, which consists of the outline of a public organization on the basis of a set of plans, the structure and components for strategic management control and evaluation of state agencies methods , principles, rules, procedures and mechanisms for monitoring and evaluation which takes the state agency for the purpose of its activities, operations and actions and the management of information and resources, are conducted in accordance with constitutional and legal provisions to fulfill their institutional objectives and contribute to the essential purposes of the StateEl Modelo Estándar de Control Interno (MECI), brinda la estructura y los componentes para el Control estratégico de la gestión y evaluación de las entidades estatales, el cual está integrado por el esquema de una organización pública con base en un conjunto de planes, métodos, principios, normas, procedimientos y mecanismos de verificación y evaluación que adopta la entidad estatal con la finalidad de que sus actividades, operaciones y actuaciones, así como la administración de la información y los recursos, se realicen de acuerdo con las normas constitucionales y legales para el cumplimiento de sus objetivos institucionales, y contribuir así con los fines esenciales del Estado

SELF-EFFICACY AND COMPLEX THINKING IN HIGHER EDUCATION STUDENTS IN PERU

The objective of the study was to determine the relationship and predictability between self-efficacy and complex thinking in higher education students in Peru, making comparisons by gender, in 543 students aged 18 to 25 years, from four public universities to whom the scales of Self-Efficacy (EAPESA; Palenzuela, 1983) and Complex Thinking created by CIFE (2017) were applied. The results show a moderate positive relationship and complex thinking is a predictor of self-efficacy in 17.6% of the cases observed, and there are no significant differences according to gender, and most were located at medium and high levels in both variables

Interaction effects of fermentation time and sourdough content on the size and acidity in bread

The use of sourdough to provide certain physical, organoleptic and nutritional properties to bread is one of the most used biotechnological processes in the production of cereal-based foods. Sourdough, yeast and fermentation time are elements that provide rising to the bread, in addition to aroma, flavour and nutritional properties. The time of fermentation of the dough before baking and the portion of sourdough added in the dough pieces are decisive on the acids formation by microbiological action, and thus, the properties of the bread. The physical aspect is also an important factor in the final product, and it can be widely affected according to the percentage of sourdough used and the fermentation time prior to baking. This is due to the variation in the rheological properties of the dough and possibly to the competition existing in the microbiota development. In this work, the interaction effects of fermentation time and sourdough content on the size and acidity in bread are assessed. For this purpose, bread samples were prepared with a fixed amount of yeast and 0, 20 and 50% sourdough portions. Afterwards, they were allowed to ferment periods of 0, 60, 120, 180, 240, 300 and 360 minutes before being baked. The results obtained are reported in the present work.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

A new three-locus model for rootstock-induced dwarfing in apple revealed by genetic mapping of root bark percentage

Rootstock-induced dwarfing of apple scions revolutionized global apple production during the twentieth century, leading to the development of modern intensive orchards. A high root bark percentage (the percentage of the whole root area constituted by root cortex) has previously been associated with rootstock induced dwarfing in apple. In this study, the root bark percentage was measured in a full-sib family of ungrafted apple rootstocks and found to be under the control of three loci. Two QTL for root bark percentage were found to co-localise to the same genomic regions on chromosome 5 and chromosome 11 previously identified as controlling dwarfing, Dw1 and Dw2, respectively. A third QTL was identified on chromosome 13 in a region that has not been previously associated with dwarfing. The development of closely linked 3 Sequence-tagged site STS markers improved the resolution of allelic classes thereby allowing the detection of dominance and epistatic interactions between loci, with high root bark percentage only occurring in specific allelic combinations. In addition, we report a significant negative correlation between root bark percentage and stem diameter (an indicator of tree vigour), measured on a clonally propagated grafted subset of the mapping population. The demonstrated link between root bark percentage and rootstock-induced dwarfing of the scion leads us to propose a three-locus model that is able to explain levels of dwarfing from the dwarf ‘M.27’ to the semi-invigorating rootstock ‘M.116’. Moreover, we suggest that the QTL on chromosome 13 (Rb3) might be analogous to a third dwarfing QTL, Dw3 that has not previously been identified

Effects of water potential on spore germination and viability of Fusarium species

Germination of macroconidia and/or microconidia of 24 strains of Fusarium solani, F. chlamydosporum, F. culmorum, F. equiseti, F. verticillioides, F. sambucinum, F. oxysporum and F. proliferatum isolated from fluvial channels and sea beds of the south-eastern coast of Spain, and three control strains (F. oxysporum isolated from affected cultures) was studied in distilled water in response to a range of water potentials adjusted with NaCI. (0, -13.79, -41.79, -70.37, -99.56 and -144.54 bars). The vialibility (UFC/ml) of suspension was also tested in three time periods (0,24 and 48h). Conidia always germinated in distilled water. The pattern of conidial germination obseved of F. verticillioides, F. oxysporum, F. proliferatum, F. chlamydosporum and F. culmorum was similar. A great diminution of spore germination was found in -13.79 bars solutions. Spore germination percentage for F. solani isolates was maximal at 48 h. and -13.79 bars with 21.33% spore germination, 16% higher than germination in distilled water. F. equiseti shows the maximum germination percentage in -144.54 bars solution in 24 h time with 12.36% germination. These results did not agree with those obtained in the viability test where maximum germination was found in distilled water. The viability analysis showed the great capacity of F. verticilloides strains to form viable colonies, even in such extreme conditions as -144,54 bars after 24 h F. proliferatum colony formation was prevented in the range of -70.37 bars. These results show the clear affectation of water potential to conidia germination of Fusaria. The ability of certain species of Fusarium to develop a saprophytic life in the salt water of the Mediterraneam Sea could be certain. Successful germination, even under high salty media conditions, suggests taht Fusarium spp. could have a competitive advantage over other soil fungi in crops irrigated with saline water. In the specific case of F. solani, water potential of -13.79 bars affected germination positively. It could indicate that F. solani has an special physiological mechanism of survival in low water potential environments

Disease Severity in Patients Infected with Leishmania mexicana Relates to IL-1β

Leishmania mexicana can cause both localized (LCL) and diffuse (DCL) cutaneous leishmaniasis, yet little is known about factors regulating disease severity in these patients. We analyzed if the disease was associated with single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in IL-1β (−511), CXCL8 (−251) and/or the inhibitor IL-1RA (+2018) in 58 Mexican mestizo patients with LCL, 6 with DCL and 123 control cases. Additionally, we analyzed the in vitro production of IL-1β by monocytes, the expression of this cytokine in sera of these patients, as well as the tissue distribution of IL-1β and the number of parasites in lesions of LCL and DCL patients. Our results show a significant difference in the distribution of IL-1β (−511 C/T) genotypes between patients and controls (heterozygous OR), with respect to the reference group CC, which was estimated with a value of 3.23, 95% CI = (1.2, 8.7) and p-value = 0.0167), indicating that IL-1β (−511 C/T) represents a variable influencing the risk to develop the disease in patients infected with Leishmania mexicana. Additionally, an increased in vitro production of IL-1β by monocytes and an increased serum expression of the cytokine correlated with the severity of the disease, since it was significantly higher in DCL patients heavily infected with Leishmania mexicana. The distribution of IL-1β in lesions also varied according to the number of parasites harbored in the tissues: in heavily infected LCL patients and in all DCL patients, the cytokine was scattered diffusely throughout the lesion. In contrast, in LCL patients with lower numbers of parasites in the lesions, IL-1β was confined to the cells. These data suggest that IL-1β possibly is a key player determining the severity of the disease in DCL patients. The analysis of polymorphisms in CXCL8 and IL-1RA showed no differences between patients with different disease severities or between patients and controls