"Au-dessous du volcan" : archéologie de la haute Amazonie, au pied des Andes

International audience"The interdisciplinary project “Zulay, the Pre-Columbian gate of Amazonia” was conducted from 2011 to 2014 in the Upper Pastaza, Ecuador. This investigation allowed to reveal the true nature of hills previously considered as artificial and to find remains of the oldest house of the whole Amazonia.The Colline Moravia site, located at the edge of the river ravine, is settled on a hummock, huge volcanic fragment, and was inhabited on several occasions during almost 3000 years. Archaeo-botanical evidences were found indicating consumption of maize, manioc and cocoa, as ullucus, a plant from the highlands, which proves the importance of trade between Andean and Amazonia. More to East, the archaeological scraping of the Formative site of Pambay showed traces and features of ¾ of a large Indian house. A wooden post was exceptionally preserved in the anaerobic clay of the phreatic level. Totally new data have been obtained on the 3000 years old Amazonian habitat." (source éditeur)"Le projet interdisciplinaire « Zulay, le portail précolombien de l’Amazonie » a été mené de 2011 à 2014 dans la vallée du haut Pastaza, en Équateur. Cette recherche a permis de révéler la véritable nature d’élévations considérées jusqu’alors comme artificielles et de mettre au jour des vestiges de la plus ancienne maison de toute l’Amazonie.Le site de Colline Moravia, localisé au bord du ravin de la rivière, est implanté sur un hummock, énorme fragment volcanique, et fut occupé à diverses reprises durant près de 3000 ans. On y a retrouvé des indices archéo-botaniques de la consommation du maïs, du manioc et du cacao ainsi que d’ulluque, plante des hautes terres qui prouve l’importance d’échanges entre les Andes et l’Amazonie. Plus à l’est, le décapage archéologique du site Formatif de Pambay a révélé les traces et les vestiges des trois-quarts d’une grande maison amérindienne. Là, un poteau de bois s’était conservé de manière exceptionnelle dans l’argile anaérobie au niveau de la nappe phréatique. Des données totalement nouvelles ont ainsi été obtenues sur l’habitat amazonien d’il y a trois millénaires." (source éditeur

Patient and physician satisfaction in an observational study with methyl aminolevulinate daylight-photodynamic therapy in the treatment of multiple actinic keratoses of the face and scalp in 6 European countries

BACKGROUND Guidelines recommend treating actinic keratoses (AKs) as they are recognized as precursors of invasive squamous cell carcinoma. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to collect real-world clinical data on the use of methyl aminolevulinate daylight photodynamic therapy (MAL DL-PDT) for the treatment of face and scalp AK in Europe. METHODS A prospective, multicenter, non-interventional study was conducted in six European countries in patients receiving a single treatment of MAL DL-PDT for face and/or scalp AK. Patient-reported outcomes were assessed by patient questionnaires at baseline and at 3 months after treatment, efficacy was assessed at 3 months using a 6-point global improvement scale, and adverse events (AE) were recorded at each visit. RESULTS Overall, 325 patients were enrolled from 52 investigational centres, 314 of whom attended the 3-month visit. Most patients had multiple lesions (58.4% had >10 lesions) with lesions mainly located on the scalp (60.0%) and/or forehead (54.2%). AKs were predominantly grade I (39.4%) or grade II (33.2%), and 10.5% of patients had grade III lesions. The proportions of patients and physicians that were overall satisfied to very satisfied with the MAL DL-PDT treatment were 80.4% and 90.3%, respectively. The vast majority of patients (90.0%) would consider using MAL DL-PDT again if needed. Physician-assessed efficacy at 3 months was at least much improved in 83.5% of patients, with 45.9% of patients requiring no retreatment. Related AEs were reported in 15% of patients. CONCLUSION Use of MAL DL-PDT for multiple face and/or scalp AKs resulted in high levels of patient and physician satisfaction in clinical practice in Europe, reflecting the good efficacy and high tolerability of this convenient procedure

European consensus statement on diagnosis and treatment of adult ADHD: The European Network Adult ADHD.

BACKGROUND: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is among the most common psychiatric disorders of childhood that persists into adulthood in the majority of cases. The evidence on persistence poses several difficulties for adult psychiatry considering the lack of expertise for diagnostic assessment, limited treatment options and patient facilities across Europe. METHODS: The European Network Adult ADHD, founded in 2003, aims to increase awareness of this disorder and improve knowledge and patient care for adults with ADHD across Europe. This Consensus Statement is one of the actions taken by the European Network Adult ADHD in order to support the clinician with research evidence and clinical experience from 18 European countries in which ADHD in adults is recognised and treated. RESULTS: Besides information on the genetics and neurobiology of ADHD, three major questions are addressed in this statement: (1) What is the clinical picture of ADHD in adults? (2) How can ADHD in adults be properly diagnosed? (3) How should ADHD in adults be effectively treated? CONCLUSIONS: ADHD often presents as an impairing lifelong condition in adults, yet it is currently underdiagnosed and treated in many European countries, leading to ineffective treatment and higher costs of illness. Expertise in diagnostic assessment and treatment of ADHD in adults must increase in psychiatry. Instruments for screening and diagnosis of ADHD in adults are available and appropriate treatments exist, although more research is needed in this age group

Evidence confirms an anthropic origin of Amazonian Dark Earths

Archaeology of the America